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擧悋拆惠惘 惆愕 惆悋愆擧惆
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧
A Genetic Algorithm with Local Search Strategy for Improved Detection of Community Structure
拆悋 拆惆 悋愆惡擧 惆惘愕 悋惘悋
惶惘悛惡悋惆 悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷
悋愕惠悋惆:
惘忰悋 忰愕 惆擧惠惘
悋惘惆惡愆惠98
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋惘悋悧惆惘擧擯悋
.IV悋愆悛慍悋
≒愆惡擧Zachary
≒愆惡擧Les Miserables
≒愆惡擧Bottlenose Dolphin
≒悋愕惡悋惆擯惘悋愆惘
.V擯惘惠悴
≒愕悋悧惡悋慍擧悋惘悋悛惠
.I惆
≒惠愆悽惶悴悋惺
≒愆惘忰愕悧
.II擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀
≒惠愆悽惶悴悋惺惡悋惺悋惘悋拆悋惡惆
.III惘愆拆愆悋惆
≒悋擯惘惠惠擧惡悋悴惠悴愕忰
(GAS)
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷2
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惠愆悽惶悴悋惺
≒惠惺悋擯惘惆惘擧愆惡擧
≒悋惘惠惡悋愀悋擯惘惆惘惆悋悽悋擯惘慍悋惆
≒悋惘惠惡悋愀悋擯惘惡悋擯惘擧
≒擧悋惘惡惘惆悋
≒惡悋慍愕悋慍悋慍悋惘惘(W.-F. Pan et al, 2013)
≒悋愕愕惠擧惆惠惶(P. Moradi et al, 2015)
≒惆愕惺擧愕(S. Mancoridis et al, 1999)
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷3
悋愆悛慍悋
1
2
3
4
5
6
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
愆惘忰愕悧
≒惠愆悽惶悴悋惺擧愕悧NP-Hard(L. Shuzhuo et al, 2010)
≒惠惺惆悋惆擧悴悋惺擧惆惘擧擯惘悋惡悋n擯惘:
( )
≒忰惠惘惡愕悧
≒悋愆惘悴惠悴愕悋擧惠愆悋(Heuristic)
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷4
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷5
悋愕惠愆惘悋惺愆惘
惺惆悋愕惠悋惆悋慍
悋惡惺悋惘拆悋惆
惡惆愕愕悽愆
惘悋惠惡
悋惠擧悋悋擯惘惠
惓惠擧
悋愕惠悋惆悋慍惺悋惘
悋拆悋惡惆
惘悋惡惘惆
惠愕惡悋悋-惡-拆悋
惘悋惡惘惆
悋惆愃悋拆悋-惡-惡悋悋
惆惘惴惘擯惘惠惆悋愆
惠惆惘悋惠惘愕
悴悋惘惠
惠愆悽惶悴悋惺
Michelle Girvan Mark Newman
惠惺惠惺惆悋惆悴悋惺
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惠惺惘悴悋惺
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悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷6
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惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋愆悴悋惺
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悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷7
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惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惺悋惘悋拆悋惡惆
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悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷8
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惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惠悋惡惺惆
   = 1, 2,  ,   
 
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1(擧惆擯悵悋惘愕悧悴惺惠悋
2(惺擯惘惠悋愀惺(Cross-over)
3(惺擯惘悴愆(Mutation)
4(惺擯惘悴惠悴愕忰惺擯惘悋惠悽悋惡忰
5(悋惠悽悋惡愕惡惺惆
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷9
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
惷悋擧
悋忰惘悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
擧惆擯悵悋惘愕悧悴惺惠悋
1 2 3 4 5 6
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悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷10
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惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惠悋愀惺(Cross-over)
≒悋惠悽悋惡惆擧惘慍(愕悋悽惠悋惘悴悋惺)
≒惶惘惠惡惠惶悋惆
≒悋惠悽悋惡擧擯惘惆惘擧惘慍悋
≒惶惘惠惡惠惶悋惆
≒惠愃惘悴悋惺悋擯惘惴惘惆惘擧惘慍
惆惡悴悋惺擧惘慍悋
≒惡悋悋忰惠悋
≒悋惆悋惘悋惆惠悋悋悴悋惆悴惺惠悴惆惆
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷11
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 2 2
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 3 1 2 3 3
1  =
2  =
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 3 1 2 2 2
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悴愆(Mutation)
≒悋惠悽悋惡擧擧惘慍
≒惡悋悋忰惠悋
≒悋惠悽悋惡惆擯惘悋慍擧惘慍悋惠悽悋惡
≒惶惘惠惡惠惶悋惆
≒悴悋擯慍擧惘惆惆悋惘悴悋惺擯惘悋惡悋
悴悋惺擯惘惆
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷12
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 3 1 2 3 3
2  =
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 2 3 3
2  =
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悴悴愕惠悋惠悽悋惡忰
≒悋惠悽悋惡擧擧惘慍
≒悋擧惘慍惡惠惡悋惠悽悋惡愆惆!
≒悋悴悋惆擧拆悋慍擧惘慍悋惠悽悋惡
≒惡惘悋惘擧拆悋悴悋惆愆惆:
≒悋惠悽悋惡惆擯惘愕悋惆惘愆惡擧
≒惶惘惠惡惠惶悋惆
≒惘悋惘惆悋惆惘惆擯惘惆惘擧悴悋惺
≒悋惠悽悋惡忰
≒悴悋擯慍擧惘惆擧惘慍悋惡悋惡惠惘擧拆
(悋慍惴惘惠悋惡惺惆)
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷13
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 2 2 3 3
  =
1
2
3
4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 2 2 3 3
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 2 2 3 3
1  =
2  =
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
1
2
3
4 5 6
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋惠悽悋惡愕惡惺惆
≒悋惠悽悋惡roulette-wheel(J.E. Baker, 1987)
≒惆悋惆愆悋愕惡愆惠惘惡悋擧惘慍惡惠惘惡惘悋悋惠悽悋惡愆惆
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷14
愆悋惘擧惘慍 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
惆悋惘惡惘悋慍愆 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
悋忰惠悋悋惠悽悋惡愆惆 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.0
惠惺惆悋惆(g=6)惠惶悋惆 惺惆惆 0.81 0.32 0.96 0.01 0.65 0.42
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惆悋悋悛慍悋愆
≒拆悋惘悋惠惘悋悋擯惘惠GAS
≒愕悋慍拆悋惆悋悴惘悋
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷15
惆悋惘 悋惆 拆悋惘悋惠惘
20 g 悴惺惠悋
4  惠惺惆悋惆擧拆惆惘悴惠悴愕悋惠悽悋惡忰
0.8  悋忰惠悋惠悋愀惺
0.1  悋忰惠悋悴愆
3000  惠惺惆悋惆惠擧惘悋惘
100  惠惺惆悋惆悋擧惘慍惡(愃悋惡)惆悋惘擯愆惆
(惆惘惘惠擧惘悋惘悋慍悋擯惘惠)
惠惷忰悋惠 愆悽惶
MATLAB 7.0 愕慍惡悋惡惘悋
IntelR CoreTM 2 2.00 GHz 拆惘惆悋慍惆
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋惘慍悋惡惘愆拆愆悋惆
≒愆惡擧Zachary
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷16
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋惘慍悋惡惘愆拆愆悋惆
≒愆惡擧Les Miserables
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷17
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋惘慍悋惡惘愆拆愆悋惆
≒愆惡擧Bottlenose Dolphin
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷18
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
悋愕惺悋惘悋拆悋惡惆
≒悋愕惺悋惘Q惆惘GAS惡悋愕惘愆惆擯惘惘15愆惡擧愀40惡悋惘悋悴惘悋
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷19
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
擯惘惠悴
.I悋慍惆悴惠悴愕忰惡悋擯惘惠惠擧悴惘惡惡惡惆(悋慍悋愆拆悋悋
惡惆)惠愆悽惶悴悋惺擯惘惆惆.
≒悋愕惠悋惆悋慍惆悋愆拆愆悴惆惆惘愆惡擧
≒悋惠惆悋惆惡拆惆惆悴悋擧擧惆惘悋愆惡擧悋惺
.II惺擯惘悴惠悴愕忰慍悋悋悴惘悋悋擯惘惠惘悋悋慍悋愆惆惆.
≒惘惠惡慍悋悋擯惘惠惠擧惺惆惘惠愆悽惶悴悋惺 2悋愕惠.
≒惘惠惡慍悋悋擯惘惠GAS惡惘悋惡惘 2
悋愕惠.
≒惡惘悋悋愆惡擧惡慍惘擯(n > 1000)悋愕惡愕惠.
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷20
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
愕悋悧惡悋慍擧悋惘悋悛惠
.I悋愕惠悋惆悋慍惺擯惘悋悴惠悴愕忰悽惠(M. Moradi et al, 2019)
.II悋愕惠悋惆悋慍惆惠悋惡惺惆(M. Moradi et al, 2019)
.III悋愕惠悋惆悋慍悋擯惘惠惠擧惡惘悋惠愆悽惶悴悋惺拆愆悋惆惘愆惡擧
.IV悋愕惠悋惆悋慍悋擯惘惠惠擧惡惘悋惠愆悽惶悴悋惺惆惘悋愆惡擧惆悋
.V悋愕惠悋惆悋慍惆擯惘悋愆惘愕悋慍惡惓悋惆擯惘惘惆惘惠愆悽惶悴悋惺
悴悋惺 愕悋悽惠悋惘 惠愆悽惶 惡惡惆 惡惘悋 忰 悴悴愕惠 惡悋 惠擧 悋擯惘惠 擧-悵悋擧惘 惘惠惷21
惆擧悋惘悋惘惠惡愀惘愆拆愆悋惆(GAS)擯惘惠悴 悋愆悛慍悋
悋惘惆惡愆惠9825
惘悋悴惺
o W.-F. Pan, B. Jiang, B. Li, Refactoring software packages via community detection in complex
software networks, Int. J. Autom. Comput. 10 (2013) 157166.
oP. Moradi, S. Ahmadian, F. Akhlaghian, An effective trust-based recommendation method using
a novel graph clustering algorithm, Physica A 436 (2015) 462481.
oS. Mancoridis, B. S. Mitchell, Y. Chen and E. R. Gansner, Bunch: a clustering tool for the recovery
and maintenance of software system structures, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on
Software Maintenance - 1999 (ICSM'99). 'Software Maintenance for Business Change' (Cat.
No.99CB36360), Oxford, England, UK, 1999, pp. 50-59.
oL. Shuzhuo, C. Yinghui, D. Haifeng, and M. W., Feldman, A genetic algorithm with local search
strategy for improved detection of community structure, Complexity 15 (2010).
oJ.E. Baker, Reducing bias and inefficiency in the selection algorithm, In [ICGA2], pp. 14-21,
1987.
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o M. Moradi and S. Parsa, An evolutionary method for community detection using a novel local
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