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Community mobilization

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This document outlines objectives and strategies for community mobilization for disease prevention. It defines key terms like community and community mobilization. The main points are: - Community mobilization involves motivating community members, health workers, and policymakers to take action for disease prevention. - Key steps include creating awareness of health issues, motivating the community through information sharing and support, and facilitating participation in decisions. - Mobilizing the community allows people to identify needs, promote leadership and decision making, and undertake specific prevention activities. It can increase health seeking behaviors and sustainability of programs.

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COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION OBJECTIVES By the end of session participants will be able to:- 1. Define community 2. Define community mobilization 3. State the role and importance of community mobilization for disease prevention 4. List steps involved in mobilizing the community for disease prevention 5. Identify the target groups for mobilization a disease prevention 6. Discuss the factors that influence acceptance of health services 7. Explain the strategies that we can use to mobilize the community for disease prevention services 8. Discuss the effects of community mobilization 9. Explain common barriers to community mobilization DEFINITION OF A COMMUNITY A community is a group of people who - Live in the same village, town, city - Have same characteristics, cultural background and language - Have same interest and goals, beliefs and values - Stay in the same geographical area - Trust and respect each other - Share the same facilities, e.g. schools, churches, health facilities and social amenities ROLES THE COMMUNITY CAN PLAY The community has an important role to identify and use available resources in the village and to plan and out act accordingly, in a county where there is a mechanism of local self- government. Important decisions are usually made at the local level by the local people themselves COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Community mobilization is a process of involving and motivating people, health workers and policy makers to organize and take action for a common purpose in order to achieve sustainable development
AIMS 1. It correctly and adequately persuasively informs the vast majority of a community to come forward to demand and use certain health services 2. It stimulates families to make intelligent, informed and free choice of demanding and using health services e.g. in immunization - Raising immunization coverage for the target groups - Reduce vaccine preventable diseases of childhood - Reduce drop-out rates 3. To enable programme managers to mobilize resources in order that the services meet and satisfy the demand created e.g. reduce drop-out rates Community mobilization to promote and sustain health implies not only a planned approach to influencing individual behavior change but also to influence social change When community mobilization is successful, individuals of communities become self-reliant and behavior social or structural changes are more likely to be sustained The process facilitates change from one condition to another; support, clarifies, addresses the community needs and aspirations The people are involved and participate actively The people are involved and participate actively in participating and responding to their own problems with support of some experts or facilitator Community mobilization is an integral part of the health system and is vital for success of programmes Health workers must have a clear understanding of the influence of the communities on the provision of health care services Appropriate community mobilization is a communitys right to self-determination and recognizes their indigenous resources The process facilitates members of the community solve their own problems. In this way, their culture, live hood and religion be respected and acts as a positive resources rather than a barrier o the required Where there is community mobilization there is no room for imposing external solutions that may not be in harmony with the community patterns of beliefs or organization The community is properly mobilized should not feel forced into making certain decisions
They should be part and parcel of all the decisions made and actively involved in every step made In mobilizing communities, experts are open to learning and listening to community ideas and interpretations of information utilizing a language of communication that is understood WHY COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION IS NECESSARY Prevention and control of diseases requires the co-operation and participants of the community In order to make the community aware of the benefits of disease prevention and control the role they can play Community mobilization helps to decrease mobility from diseases in the community Members of the community may have ideas on resources to improve disease prevention and control Proper management of resources is the best possible way for the development of the community, we call this community mobilization where people plan and do things, they take change, transforming their community and their lives Community mobilization allows people in the community to:- - Identify needs and promote community interests - Promote good leadership and democratic decision making - Identify specific groups for undertaking specific problems KEY STEPS IN COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION 1. Create awareness of the health issues 2. Motivate the community through community preparation, organizational development, capacity developments and bringing allies together 3. Share information and communication 4. Support them, provide incentives and generate resources TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION Direct observation Group interviews Sketching maps Roles-plays Stories
Proverbs Workshops STEPS INVOLVED IN MOBILIZING THE COMMUNITY FOR DISEASE PREVENTION AND CONTROL Building a partnership between you and the community, this you will do by spending time listening to the community. Learn as much as possible from the community-learn their values, habits, traditions, attitudes towards disease prevention and control Approach the community, through existing local leaders and administration, village health communities or similar groups such, groups are composed of persons representing various parts of the community Obtain information to help adopt the disease prevention and control methods to the people you work with Ask elders or VHC members to name some people in the community who would assist you to collect any information, you require to facilitate your work of mobilizing the community for disease prevention and control. You may follow the following steps Approach the community Learn about the community Identify the target groups for disease prevention and control Determine the cause for non-prevention and control WHY WE MOBILIZE Create awareness of an issue, help plan the strength of a community Steps Define the problem Establish a community mobilization group Re-design strategies for a certain objectives Selection of target group Active plan time frame Capacity building Identify partners
MOBILIZATION AT VARIOUS LEVELS Mobilization is initiated and can occur at various levels so long as both the interest in and values of the particular issue in this case disease prevention and control is high Political mobilization Government Co-operate Community Beneficiary (Families) Identify the target group for e.g. HIV/AIDS disease prevention and control All persons who are sexually active Those who require special attention e.g. youth in and out of school Women of child bearing age (15-49) years HIV/AIDS infected men and women couples ADVANTAGES OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Helps local ownership and the sustainability of the health programmes Helps to motivates people in your community and encourages participation and involvement of everyone Build, community capacity to identify and address community needs Promotes, sustainability and long-term commitment to a community change movement It motivate communities to advocate for policy changes and respond better to their health needs EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION As a means to influence individual/couples behavior; decrease morbidity/mortality, increase in health seeking behavior or health status As a process to influence community/social change; increase in individual self-reliance, increase in community self-reliance
Both purposes can influence - Social norms - Availability and access to services - Human resource development - Sustainability of local, regional and national commitment Key steps Create awareness of the health issue Motivate the community Share information and communication Support them FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH SERVICES These vary from community to community, however in general they include; knowledge, beliefs and values Other factors - Influence by other people - Availability and accessibility of health services KNOWLEDGE Comes from either experiences or through provided by teachers, parents, friends, books, mass media etc. BELIEFS, TABOOS AND PRACTICES These are usually derived from parents, grandparents and other people we respect. Each community has its own beliefs and customs ATTITUDES Attitudes reflect likes and dislikes. They come from experiences or from people who are close to us. They attract us to things or makes us wary of them
VALUES Values are the beliefs and standards that are most important to a people. People in a community share many values e.g. they may want their their communitys population to growth us they may encourage those who have lost their husbands to be inherited. The community may value their economic prosperity. If you understand of their values you can tailor your services to match their values of the community e.g. you can emphasis the economic benefits of having a VCT done. This way community members will be motivated to participate. INFLUENCE FROM OTHER PEOPLE People who are important to us can make us behave and act the way we do. e.g. Parents, Grand-parents, village leaders, religious leaders, close friends, workmates, people with a lot of experience and special skills and people who try to help mobilize the community for VCT. AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF HEALTH SERVICES Determine why the community is not participating in the prevention and control are services available? And if available how far away. STRATEGIES WE CAN USE TO MOBILIZE THE COMMUNITIES FOR 1. Advocacy 2. IEC 3. Social marketing ADVOCACY Advocacy Diseases prevention and control is a way of convincing individuals or groups to take their share responsibility in promoting this health services. It can be carried out in stages Hold seminars for opinion leaders and influential people to plan with them how responsibility for prevention and control will be shared in the community Win the support the support of your fellow H/WS make them understand the benefits to their community. B.C.C Information, education and communication are very important in commonly mobilization. For the basic information and message about HIV/AIDS prevention and control to reach the people at grass root, many strategies must be used e.g. use of:
1. Mass media Radio promotions Tv promotion Articles in local magazines Billboards and posters Pamphlets 2. Advantages Reaches large number of people quickly Portrays credible/believable role models Puts pressure on decision makers General interest in the issue 3. Interpersonal communication Enables participation by the client Is an informal choice Empowers clients as decision makers Generate value of issues Community mobilization for a 4. Every level of health services delivery where the health provider comes into contact with potential or actual clients. VHC and other community meetings Women group meetings At home during home visits The following shall participate activity in providing and disseminating simple and relevant information and education in HIV/AIDS prevention and control. All trained Health Workers CMAS. METHODS USED TO DISSEMINATE INFORMATION Talks Mass media Folk media
TALKS Things to consider Find out target group Identify needs of the group Select priority messages related to the problem Set objectives Outline content Design and (prepare visual aids) Identify resources SOCIAL MARKETING Involves 4Ps Product Price Place Promotion EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Decrease in disease prevalence Increase in acceptance of services Increases individual self- esteem Increase community self- reliance. BARRIERS TO COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION: Rivalries and power struggles Hidden agenda Lack of time Lack of material and human resources KEY MESSAGES E.G FOR VCT PROMOTION Living positively with HIV/AIDS The pro and cons of testing VCT confidentiality Reducing stigma of HIV/AIDS Myths about HIV Information and Myths about testing
Information and myths about condoms Develop simple but good messages.

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Community mobilization

  • 1. COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION OBJECTIVES By the end of session participants will be able to:- 1. Define community 2. Define community mobilization 3. State the role and importance of community mobilization for disease prevention 4. List steps involved in mobilizing the community for disease prevention 5. Identify the target groups for mobilization a disease prevention 6. Discuss the factors that influence acceptance of health services 7. Explain the strategies that we can use to mobilize the community for disease prevention services 8. Discuss the effects of community mobilization 9. Explain common barriers to community mobilization DEFINITION OF A COMMUNITY A community is a group of people who - Live in the same village, town, city - Have same characteristics, cultural background and language - Have same interest and goals, beliefs and values - Stay in the same geographical area - Trust and respect each other - Share the same facilities, e.g. schools, churches, health facilities and social amenities ROLES THE COMMUNITY CAN PLAY The community has an important role to identify and use available resources in the village and to plan and out act accordingly, in a county where there is a mechanism of local self- government. Important decisions are usually made at the local level by the local people themselves COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Community mobilization is a process of involving and motivating people, health workers and policy makers to organize and take action for a common purpose in order to achieve sustainable development
  • 2. AIMS 1. It correctly and adequately persuasively informs the vast majority of a community to come forward to demand and use certain health services 2. It stimulates families to make intelligent, informed and free choice of demanding and using health services e.g. in immunization - Raising immunization coverage for the target groups - Reduce vaccine preventable diseases of childhood - Reduce drop-out rates 3. To enable programme managers to mobilize resources in order that the services meet and satisfy the demand created e.g. reduce drop-out rates Community mobilization to promote and sustain health implies not only a planned approach to influencing individual behavior change but also to influence social change When community mobilization is successful, individuals of communities become self-reliant and behavior social or structural changes are more likely to be sustained The process facilitates change from one condition to another; support, clarifies, addresses the community needs and aspirations The people are involved and participate actively The people are involved and participate actively in participating and responding to their own problems with support of some experts or facilitator Community mobilization is an integral part of the health system and is vital for success of programmes Health workers must have a clear understanding of the influence of the communities on the provision of health care services Appropriate community mobilization is a communitys right to self-determination and recognizes their indigenous resources The process facilitates members of the community solve their own problems. In this way, their culture, live hood and religion be respected and acts as a positive resources rather than a barrier o the required Where there is community mobilization there is no room for imposing external solutions that may not be in harmony with the community patterns of beliefs or organization The community is properly mobilized should not feel forced into making certain decisions
  • 3. They should be part and parcel of all the decisions made and actively involved in every step made In mobilizing communities, experts are open to learning and listening to community ideas and interpretations of information utilizing a language of communication that is understood WHY COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION IS NECESSARY Prevention and control of diseases requires the co-operation and participants of the community In order to make the community aware of the benefits of disease prevention and control the role they can play Community mobilization helps to decrease mobility from diseases in the community Members of the community may have ideas on resources to improve disease prevention and control Proper management of resources is the best possible way for the development of the community, we call this community mobilization where people plan and do things, they take change, transforming their community and their lives Community mobilization allows people in the community to:- - Identify needs and promote community interests - Promote good leadership and democratic decision making - Identify specific groups for undertaking specific problems KEY STEPS IN COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION 1. Create awareness of the health issues 2. Motivate the community through community preparation, organizational development, capacity developments and bringing allies together 3. Share information and communication 4. Support them, provide incentives and generate resources TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION Direct observation Group interviews Sketching maps Roles-plays Stories
  • 4. Proverbs Workshops STEPS INVOLVED IN MOBILIZING THE COMMUNITY FOR DISEASE PREVENTION AND CONTROL Building a partnership between you and the community, this you will do by spending time listening to the community. Learn as much as possible from the community-learn their values, habits, traditions, attitudes towards disease prevention and control Approach the community, through existing local leaders and administration, village health communities or similar groups such, groups are composed of persons representing various parts of the community Obtain information to help adopt the disease prevention and control methods to the people you work with Ask elders or VHC members to name some people in the community who would assist you to collect any information, you require to facilitate your work of mobilizing the community for disease prevention and control. You may follow the following steps Approach the community Learn about the community Identify the target groups for disease prevention and control Determine the cause for non-prevention and control WHY WE MOBILIZE Create awareness of an issue, help plan the strength of a community Steps Define the problem Establish a community mobilization group Re-design strategies for a certain objectives Selection of target group Active plan time frame Capacity building Identify partners
  • 5. MOBILIZATION AT VARIOUS LEVELS Mobilization is initiated and can occur at various levels so long as both the interest in and values of the particular issue in this case disease prevention and control is high Political mobilization Government Co-operate Community Beneficiary (Families) Identify the target group for e.g. HIV/AIDS disease prevention and control All persons who are sexually active Those who require special attention e.g. youth in and out of school Women of child bearing age (15-49) years HIV/AIDS infected men and women couples ADVANTAGES OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Helps local ownership and the sustainability of the health programmes Helps to motivates people in your community and encourages participation and involvement of everyone Build, community capacity to identify and address community needs Promotes, sustainability and long-term commitment to a community change movement It motivate communities to advocate for policy changes and respond better to their health needs EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION As a means to influence individual/couples behavior; decrease morbidity/mortality, increase in health seeking behavior or health status As a process to influence community/social change; increase in individual self-reliance, increase in community self-reliance
  • 6. Both purposes can influence - Social norms - Availability and access to services - Human resource development - Sustainability of local, regional and national commitment Key steps Create awareness of the health issue Motivate the community Share information and communication Support them FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH SERVICES These vary from community to community, however in general they include; knowledge, beliefs and values Other factors - Influence by other people - Availability and accessibility of health services KNOWLEDGE Comes from either experiences or through provided by teachers, parents, friends, books, mass media etc. BELIEFS, TABOOS AND PRACTICES These are usually derived from parents, grandparents and other people we respect. Each community has its own beliefs and customs ATTITUDES Attitudes reflect likes and dislikes. They come from experiences or from people who are close to us. They attract us to things or makes us wary of them
  • 7. VALUES Values are the beliefs and standards that are most important to a people. People in a community share many values e.g. they may want their their communitys population to growth us they may encourage those who have lost their husbands to be inherited. The community may value their economic prosperity. If you understand of their values you can tailor your services to match their values of the community e.g. you can emphasis the economic benefits of having a VCT done. This way community members will be motivated to participate. INFLUENCE FROM OTHER PEOPLE People who are important to us can make us behave and act the way we do. e.g. Parents, Grand-parents, village leaders, religious leaders, close friends, workmates, people with a lot of experience and special skills and people who try to help mobilize the community for VCT. AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF HEALTH SERVICES Determine why the community is not participating in the prevention and control are services available? And if available how far away. STRATEGIES WE CAN USE TO MOBILIZE THE COMMUNITIES FOR 1. Advocacy 2. IEC 3. Social marketing ADVOCACY Advocacy Diseases prevention and control is a way of convincing individuals or groups to take their share responsibility in promoting this health services. It can be carried out in stages Hold seminars for opinion leaders and influential people to plan with them how responsibility for prevention and control will be shared in the community Win the support the support of your fellow H/WS make them understand the benefits to their community. B.C.C Information, education and communication are very important in commonly mobilization. For the basic information and message about HIV/AIDS prevention and control to reach the people at grass root, many strategies must be used e.g. use of:
  • 8. 1. Mass media Radio promotions Tv promotion Articles in local magazines Billboards and posters Pamphlets 2. Advantages Reaches large number of people quickly Portrays credible/believable role models Puts pressure on decision makers General interest in the issue 3. Interpersonal communication Enables participation by the client Is an informal choice Empowers clients as decision makers Generate value of issues Community mobilization for a 4. Every level of health services delivery where the health provider comes into contact with potential or actual clients. VHC and other community meetings Women group meetings At home during home visits The following shall participate activity in providing and disseminating simple and relevant information and education in HIV/AIDS prevention and control. All trained Health Workers CMAS. METHODS USED TO DISSEMINATE INFORMATION Talks Mass media Folk media
  • 9. TALKS Things to consider Find out target group Identify needs of the group Select priority messages related to the problem Set objectives Outline content Design and (prepare visual aids) Identify resources SOCIAL MARKETING Involves 4Ps Product Price Place Promotion EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION Decrease in disease prevalence Increase in acceptance of services Increases individual self- esteem Increase community self- reliance. BARRIERS TO COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION: Rivalries and power struggles Hidden agenda Lack of time Lack of material and human resources KEY MESSAGES E.G FOR VCT PROMOTION Living positively with HIV/AIDS The pro and cons of testing VCT confidentiality Reducing stigma of HIV/AIDS Myths about HIV Information and Myths about testing
  • 10. Information and myths about condoms Develop simple but good messages.