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Comparatives and Superlatives.ppt

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Alejandro Gonzales
Alejandro Gonzales

The document discusses comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs. It provides rules for forming comparatives and superlatives for one-syllable, two-syllable, irregular, and multi-syllable adjectives and adverbs. It also covers using comparatives with "than", superlatives to refer to the highest in a group, and modifiers like "less" and "more". Examples are provided to illustrate each concept along with practice questions.

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1 Preview 9-1 Making comparisons with as...as 9-2 Comparative and superlative 9-3 Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives... 9-4 Completing a comparative 9-5 Modifying comparatives 9-6 Comparisons with less...than and not as...as 9-7 Unclear comparisons 9-8 Using more with nouns 9-9 Repeating a comparative 9-10 Using double comparatives 9-11 Using superlatives 9-12 Using the same, similar, different, like, alike CONTENTS Ing. Alejandro Gonzales
2 PREVIEW 0 10 20 30 40 1 2 3 4 short/tall bars BAR 1 is taller than BAR 3. BAR 3 is taller than BAR 2. _____ is the shortest one of all. BAR 2 BAR 1 is shorter than _____. BAR 4
3 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS Jenn is not as old as Emma. Emma Jenn
4 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes.
5 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes. (b) The chef cuts the onion as finely as he can.
6 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes. (b) The chef cuts the onion as finely as he can. As…as parts are equal or same as + adjective + as as + adverb + as
7 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. Annapurna – 8,091 m. Everest - 8,848 m.
8 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. (e) Fuji isn’t nearly as high as Everest. Everest - 8,848 m. Fuji – 3,776 m.
9 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. (e) Fuji isn’t nearly as high as Everest. not as…as negative form not quite as…as small difference not nearly as…as big difference
10 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (f) The boots are just as large as the shoes. (g) The skates are nearly/almost as large as the shoes. size 41 size 41 size 40
11 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (f) The boots are just as large as the shoes. (g) The skates are nearly/almost as large as the shoes. just = “exactly” nearly/almost common modifiers of as…as
12 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE Cheetah 95 kph Antelope 95 kph An antelope can run ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as
13 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE A leopard can run ______ ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as nearly Leopard 90 kph Cheetah 95 kph
14 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE A leopard can’t run _______ ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as quite Leopard 90 kph Cheetah 95 kph
15 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE A feather is lighter than a brick.
16 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (a) A feather is lighter than a brick. (b) Feathers and bricks are lighter than horses and trucks. (c) Horses are more beautiful than trucks.
17 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (a) A feather is lighter than a brick. (b) Feathers and bricks are lighter than horses and trucks. (c) A horse is more beautiful than a truck. comparative + than
18 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (d) The purple box is the longest of all the boxes. superlative one of a group (e) The brown box is the biggest box in the group.
19 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (d) The purple box is the longest of all the boxes. (e) The brown box is the biggest box in the group. Everest - 8,848 m. (f) Everest is the most massive mountain in the world. -est or most the + superlative superlative
20 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE Jazz is the more beautiful music in New Orleans. CORRECT YES NO ? most
21 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE The most famous jazz in the world is from New Orleans. CORRECT YES NO ?
22 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE I like jazz more better than rap or salsa. CORRECT YES NO ?
23 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS Our company is doing better than all of our competition. We are the best!
24 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE old wise older wiser the oldest the wisest add –er add –est
25 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE famous pleasant more famous more pleasant the most famous the most pleasant use more use the most
26 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE busy pretty busier prettier the busiest the prettiest add –er add –est end in -y change -y to -i
27 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE clever gentle cleverer more clever gentler more gentle the cleverest the most clever the gentlest the most gentle can use either friendly friendlier more friendly the friendliest the most friendly
28 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ADJECTIVES WITH 3 OR MORE SYLLABLES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE important fascinating more important more fascinating the most important the most fascinating use more use the most
29 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE good bad better worse the best the worst irregular irregular
30 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS -LY ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE carefully slowly more carefully more slowly the most carefully the most slowly use more use the most
31 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ONE-SYLLABLE ADVERBS COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE fast hard faster harder the fastest the hardest use -er use -est
32 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IRREGULAR ADVERBS COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE well badly better worse the best the worst irregular irregular far farther/further the farthest/furthest
33 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE Greta Oscar Greta is messy, but Oscar is even _______. messier
34 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE The market is four miles from Rosa’s house and five miles from my house. I live _______________ from the market than Rosa does. farther (or further)
35 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE I have many pleasant memories from childhood. The _____ _________ memory is going to the zoo with my grandfather. most pleasant
36 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE His hair is curlier than her hair.
37 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (a) She’s taller than her husband (is). (b) She’s taller than he is. (c) She’s taller than him.
38 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (a) She’s taller than her husband (is). (b) She’s taller than he is. (c) She’s taller than him. formal English than subject pronoun informal English than object pronoun
39 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (d) She studies more than he does. (e) She got a better exam grade than he did.
40 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (d) She studies more than he does. (e) She got a better grade than he did. than + subject auxiliary verb
41 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (f) His hair is curlier than hers. (g) Her hair is longer than his.
42 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (f) His hair is curlier than Kate’s (g) Her hair is longer than his. than possessive pronoun
43 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than ____. (formal) I am
44 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than I am. (formal) Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than ____. (informal) me
45 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. His arms are stronger than _____ are. mine
46 9-5 RULES RULES Adjective Comparative Superlative One syllable → + er → + est Tall Small Old Taller Smaller Older The talest The smallest The oldest Two syllables Ending in -y, -ow, -er, -le (not -ile) → + er → + est Heavy Clever Narrow Little (size) Simple Hevier Cleverer Narrower Littler Simpler The heviest The cleverest The narrowest The littlest The simplest Two syllables NOT ending in -y, -ow, -er, -le (but -ile) → more → the most Tired Awful Famous Agile Ductile More tired More awful More famous More agile More ductile The most tired The most awful The most famous The most agile The most ductile Three or more syllables → more → the most Beautiful Expensive Horrible More beautiful More expensive More horrible The most beautiful The most expensive The most horrible
47 9-5 RULES RULES Adverb Comparative Superlative One syllable (not ending in -ly) → + er → + est Fast Hard Late Faster Harder Later The fastest The hardest The latest Two or more syllables (including –ly ending) → more → most Often Sadly Quickly Slowly Happly Carefully More often More sadly More quickly More slowly More happly More carefully The most often The most sadly The most quickly The most slowly The most happly The most carefully RULES Positve Comparative Superlative Irregular Adjectives Good Bad Far Better Worse Farther/Further The best The worst The farthest/furthest Irregular Adverbs Well Badly Little (quantity) Early Much/Many Better Worse Less Earlier More The best The worst The least The earliest The most
48 9-5 RULES SPELLING RULE (not for irregulars) Adjective or Adverb Comparative Superlative Ending in –e →add r →add st Nice Safe Large Free Nicer Safer Larger Freer The nicest The safest The larget The freest One syllable ending in Consonant-Vowel- Consonant (C-V-C) →double the consonant and add –er →double the consonant and add –est Big Wet Flat Hot Bigger Wetter Flatter Hotter The biggest The wettest The flattest The hottest One or two syllables ending in -y (not -ly) →change -y to -i and -er →change -y to -i and -est Easy Funny Pretty Easier Funnier Prettier The easiest The funniest The prettiest
49 9-5 RULES
50 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS Miko is not as happy as Amanda. Miko Amanda
51 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS (a) A toy is less educational than a book. (b) A toy is not as educational as a book. (a) & (b) = same meaning
52 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS (c) A child is not as wise as an adult. (d) INCORRECT: A child is less wise than an adult. only not as … as one-syllable adjectives or adverbs
53 9-6 LET’S PRACTICE less…than not as…as A lion cub is ______ old ____ a mama lion. not as as
54 9-6 LET’S PRACTICE less…than not as…as A lion cub is _____ strong ____ a mama lion. not as as
55 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS A rugby player gets more injuries than a tennis player.
56 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS (a) Would you like more salad ? (b) Only more tomatoes, please. more with nouns additional than not necessary
57 (c) There are more computers than people in the world. more + nouns + than complete comparisons 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS
58 (d) Have you had enough salad, or would you like some more? when meaning clear more by itself 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS
59 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more That store has so many shoes! It has ____________ than any other store. more (shoes)
60 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more His closet is so messy. It is ________ than everyone else’s closet. messier
61 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more Bill has had two accidents. He should try to drive ____________. more carefully
62 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES Cape Town is one of the prettiest cities in Africa.
63 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the prettiest cities in Africa.
64 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) My friend Mary is the most talented artist I know.
65 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) My friend Mary is the most talented artist I know. (c) I’ve had many jobs in my life. Being a teacher is the best (job) of all.
66 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) Mary Poulos is the most talented artist I know. (c) I’ve had many jobs in my life. Being a teacher is the best (job) of all. superlative + in a place superlative + adjective clause superlative + of all
67 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (d) Bradley went to three Italian cities. He said that Venice was the least expensive of all.
68 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (d) Bradley went to three Italian cities. He said that Venice was the least expensive of all. the least the most opposites
69 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (e) Cape Town is one of the best places to surf. (f) One of the best places to surf is Cape Town.
70 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (e) Cape Town is one of the best places to surf. (f) One of the best places to surf is Cape Town. one of + PLURAL noun (+ SINGULAR verb)
71 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Judy is happy. She is the ________ person ___ our class. happiest in
72 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE I like all the seasons, but spring is the ______ (season) ____ all. best of
73 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE _____ ___ the most majestic _________ in the world ___ Mt. Everest. of One mountains is
74 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE _____ ___ the best ____________ in the world ___ Beşiktaş. of One football teams is Beşiktaş ___ one of the best football teams in the world. is
75 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Beşiktaş is the ______ of all. best
76 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Beşiktaş is the best team I know. Beşiktaş is the best team I __________seen. have (ever)

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Comparatives and Superlatives.ppt

  • 1. 1 Preview 9-1 Making comparisons with as...as 9-2 Comparative and superlative 9-3 Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives... 9-4 Completing a comparative 9-5 Modifying comparatives 9-6 Comparisons with less...than and not as...as 9-7 Unclear comparisons 9-8 Using more with nouns 9-9 Repeating a comparative 9-10 Using double comparatives 9-11 Using superlatives 9-12 Using the same, similar, different, like, alike CONTENTS Ing. Alejandro Gonzales
  • 2. 2 PREVIEW 0 10 20 30 40 1 2 3 4 short/tall bars BAR 1 is taller than BAR 3. BAR 3 is taller than BAR 2. _____ is the shortest one of all. BAR 2 BAR 1 is shorter than _____. BAR 4
  • 3. 3 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS Jenn is not as old as Emma. Emma Jenn
  • 4. 4 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes.
  • 5. 5 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes. (b) The chef cuts the onion as finely as he can.
  • 6. 6 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (a) The boots and shoes are size 41. The boots are as large as the shoes. (b) The chef cuts the onion as finely as he can. As…as parts are equal or same as + adjective + as as + adverb + as
  • 7. 7 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. Annapurna – 8,091 m. Everest - 8,848 m.
  • 8. 8 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. (e) Fuji isn’t nearly as high as Everest. Everest - 8,848 m. Fuji – 3,776 m.
  • 9. 9 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (c) Annapurna is not as high as Everest. (d) Annapurna isn’t quite as high as Everest. (e) Fuji isn’t nearly as high as Everest. not as…as negative form not quite as…as small difference not nearly as…as big difference
  • 10. 10 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (f) The boots are just as large as the shoes. (g) The skates are nearly/almost as large as the shoes. size 41 size 41 size 40
  • 11. 11 9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS… AS (f) The boots are just as large as the shoes. (g) The skates are nearly/almost as large as the shoes. just = “exactly” nearly/almost common modifiers of as…as
  • 12. 12 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE Cheetah 95 kph Antelope 95 kph An antelope can run ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as
  • 13. 13 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE A leopard can run ______ ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as nearly Leopard 90 kph Cheetah 95 kph
  • 14. 14 9-1 LET’S PRACTICE A leopard can’t run _______ ___ fast ___ a cheetah. as as quite Leopard 90 kph Cheetah 95 kph
  • 15. 15 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE A feather is lighter than a brick.
  • 16. 16 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (a) A feather is lighter than a brick. (b) Feathers and bricks are lighter than horses and trucks. (c) Horses are more beautiful than trucks.
  • 17. 17 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (a) A feather is lighter than a brick. (b) Feathers and bricks are lighter than horses and trucks. (c) A horse is more beautiful than a truck. comparative + than
  • 18. 18 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (d) The purple box is the longest of all the boxes. superlative one of a group (e) The brown box is the biggest box in the group.
  • 19. 19 9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE (d) The purple box is the longest of all the boxes. (e) The brown box is the biggest box in the group. Everest - 8,848 m. (f) Everest is the most massive mountain in the world. -est or most the + superlative superlative
  • 20. 20 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE Jazz is the more beautiful music in New Orleans. CORRECT YES NO ? most
  • 21. 21 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE The most famous jazz in the world is from New Orleans. CORRECT YES NO ?
  • 22. 22 9-2 LET’S PRACTICE I like jazz more better than rap or salsa. CORRECT YES NO ?
  • 23. 23 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS Our company is doing better than all of our competition. We are the best!
  • 24. 24 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE old wise older wiser the oldest the wisest add –er add –est
  • 25. 25 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE famous pleasant more famous more pleasant the most famous the most pleasant use more use the most
  • 26. 26 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE busy pretty busier prettier the busiest the prettiest add –er add –est end in -y change -y to -i
  • 27. 27 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE clever gentle cleverer more clever gentler more gentle the cleverest the most clever the gentlest the most gentle can use either friendly friendlier more friendly the friendliest the most friendly
  • 28. 28 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ADJECTIVES WITH 3 OR MORE SYLLABLES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE important fascinating more important more fascinating the most important the most fascinating use more use the most
  • 29. 29 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE good bad better worse the best the worst irregular irregular
  • 30. 30 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS -LY ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE carefully slowly more carefully more slowly the most carefully the most slowly use more use the most
  • 31. 31 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ONE-SYLLABLE ADVERBS COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE fast hard faster harder the fastest the hardest use -er use -est
  • 32. 32 9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IRREGULAR ADVERBS COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE well badly better worse the best the worst irregular irregular far farther/further the farthest/furthest
  • 33. 33 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE Greta Oscar Greta is messy, but Oscar is even _______. messier
  • 34. 34 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE The market is four miles from Rosa’s house and five miles from my house. I live _______________ from the market than Rosa does. farther (or further)
  • 35. 35 9-3 LET’S PRACTICE I have many pleasant memories from childhood. The _____ _________ memory is going to the zoo with my grandfather. most pleasant
  • 36. 36 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE His hair is curlier than her hair.
  • 37. 37 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (a) She’s taller than her husband (is). (b) She’s taller than he is. (c) She’s taller than him.
  • 38. 38 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (a) She’s taller than her husband (is). (b) She’s taller than he is. (c) She’s taller than him. formal English than subject pronoun informal English than object pronoun
  • 39. 39 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (d) She studies more than he does. (e) She got a better exam grade than he did.
  • 40. 40 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (d) She studies more than he does. (e) She got a better grade than he did. than + subject auxiliary verb
  • 41. 41 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (f) His hair is curlier than hers. (g) Her hair is longer than his.
  • 42. 42 9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE (f) His hair is curlier than Kate’s (g) Her hair is longer than his. than possessive pronoun
  • 43. 43 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than ____. (formal) I am
  • 44. 44 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than I am. (formal) Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. He is much stronger than ____. (informal) me
  • 45. 45 9-4 LET’S PRACTICE Mr. Poulos can carry heavy boxes. I can’t. His arms are stronger than _____ are. mine
  • 46. 46 9-5 RULES RULES Adjective Comparative Superlative One syllable → + er → + est Tall Small Old Taller Smaller Older The talest The smallest The oldest Two syllables Ending in -y, -ow, -er, -le (not -ile) → + er → + est Heavy Clever Narrow Little (size) Simple Hevier Cleverer Narrower Littler Simpler The heviest The cleverest The narrowest The littlest The simplest Two syllables NOT ending in -y, -ow, -er, -le (but -ile) → more → the most Tired Awful Famous Agile Ductile More tired More awful More famous More agile More ductile The most tired The most awful The most famous The most agile The most ductile Three or more syllables → more → the most Beautiful Expensive Horrible More beautiful More expensive More horrible The most beautiful The most expensive The most horrible
  • 47. 47 9-5 RULES RULES Adverb Comparative Superlative One syllable (not ending in -ly) → + er → + est Fast Hard Late Faster Harder Later The fastest The hardest The latest Two or more syllables (including –ly ending) → more → most Often Sadly Quickly Slowly Happly Carefully More often More sadly More quickly More slowly More happly More carefully The most often The most sadly The most quickly The most slowly The most happly The most carefully RULES Positve Comparative Superlative Irregular Adjectives Good Bad Far Better Worse Farther/Further The best The worst The farthest/furthest Irregular Adverbs Well Badly Little (quantity) Early Much/Many Better Worse Less Earlier More The best The worst The least The earliest The most
  • 48. 48 9-5 RULES SPELLING RULE (not for irregulars) Adjective or Adverb Comparative Superlative Ending in –e →add r →add st Nice Safe Large Free Nicer Safer Larger Freer The nicest The safest The larget The freest One syllable ending in Consonant-Vowel- Consonant (C-V-C) →double the consonant and add –er →double the consonant and add –est Big Wet Flat Hot Bigger Wetter Flatter Hotter The biggest The wettest The flattest The hottest One or two syllables ending in -y (not -ly) →change -y to -i and -er →change -y to -i and -est Easy Funny Pretty Easier Funnier Prettier The easiest The funniest The prettiest
  • 50. 50 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS Miko is not as happy as Amanda. Miko Amanda
  • 51. 51 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS (a) A toy is less educational than a book. (b) A toy is not as educational as a book. (a) & (b) = same meaning
  • 52. 52 9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS…THAN AND NOT AS… AS (c) A child is not as wise as an adult. (d) INCORRECT: A child is less wise than an adult. only not as … as one-syllable adjectives or adverbs
  • 53. 53 9-6 LET’S PRACTICE less…than not as…as A lion cub is ______ old ____ a mama lion. not as as
  • 54. 54 9-6 LET’S PRACTICE less…than not as…as A lion cub is _____ strong ____ a mama lion. not as as
  • 55. 55 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS A rugby player gets more injuries than a tennis player.
  • 56. 56 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS (a) Would you like more salad ? (b) Only more tomatoes, please. more with nouns additional than not necessary
  • 57. 57 (c) There are more computers than people in the world. more + nouns + than complete comparisons 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS
  • 58. 58 (d) Have you had enough salad, or would you like some more? when meaning clear more by itself 9-8 USING MORE WITH NOUNS
  • 59. 59 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more That store has so many shoes! It has ____________ than any other store. more (shoes)
  • 60. 60 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more His closet is so messy. It is ________ than everyone else’s closet. messier
  • 61. 61 9-8 LET’S PRACTICE -er more Bill has had two accidents. He should try to drive ____________. more carefully
  • 62. 62 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES Cape Town is one of the prettiest cities in Africa.
  • 63. 63 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the prettiest cities in Africa.
  • 64. 64 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) My friend Mary is the most talented artist I know.
  • 65. 65 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) My friend Mary is the most talented artist I know. (c) I’ve had many jobs in my life. Being a teacher is the best (job) of all.
  • 66. 66 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (a) Cape Town is one of the most beautiful cities in Africa. (b) Mary Poulos is the most talented artist I know. (c) I’ve had many jobs in my life. Being a teacher is the best (job) of all. superlative + in a place superlative + adjective clause superlative + of all
  • 67. 67 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (d) Bradley went to three Italian cities. He said that Venice was the least expensive of all.
  • 68. 68 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (d) Bradley went to three Italian cities. He said that Venice was the least expensive of all. the least the most opposites
  • 69. 69 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (e) Cape Town is one of the best places to surf. (f) One of the best places to surf is Cape Town.
  • 70. 70 9-11 USING SUPERLATIVES (e) Cape Town is one of the best places to surf. (f) One of the best places to surf is Cape Town. one of + PLURAL noun (+ SINGULAR verb)
  • 71. 71 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Judy is happy. She is the ________ person ___ our class. happiest in
  • 72. 72 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE I like all the seasons, but spring is the ______ (season) ____ all. best of
  • 73. 73 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE _____ ___ the most majestic _________ in the world ___ Mt. Everest. of One mountains is
  • 74. 74 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE _____ ___ the best ____________ in the world ___ Beşiktaş. of One football teams is Beşiktaş ___ one of the best football teams in the world. is
  • 75. 75 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Beşiktaş is the ______ of all. best
  • 76. 76 9-11 LET’S PRACTICE Beşiktaş is the best team I know. Beşiktaş is the best team I __________seen. have (ever)