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competence vs performance elt

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She Kazumi
She Kazumi

This document discusses the difference between linguistic competence and performance. Competence refers to a person's underlying knowledge of language rules, while performance is how that knowledge is applied in real-time speech and writing. Competence involves knowledge of morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics, while performance can be impacted by psychological factors like memory limitations or fatigue. Mistakes in performance do not necessarily mean a lack of competence if the speaker recognizes the mistakes. The relationship between competence and performance illustrates that knowing a language's rules differs from real-world application of that knowledge.

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COMPETENCE versus PERFORMANCE
DEFINITION COMPETENCE PERFORMANCE Persons knowledge of his language. The system rules which a language user has mastered so that it would be possible for that user to produce and understand an infinite number of sentences and recognise grammatical mistakes and ambiguities A term used in the linguistic theory of transformational generative grammar, refer to language is seen as a set of specific utterances produced by native speaker.
LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE What you know about the language. Concern: o-communicative competence-grammatical sociolinguist, discourse and strategic. opragmatic competence-how language is used. oliterary competence- ability to handle special properties of literary language.
Linguistic competence of native language One can recognize whether the word belongs to his native language. e.g. Slip slib sbill * *
Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He also can know the morphology, such as prefix, suffix. e.g. Re-cuddle nonderiveable en-rich-ment*
Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can distinguish sentence and non-sentences. e.g. The accident was seen by thousands. The accident was looked by thousands. *
Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can distinguish some sentences which have the same structure but the different meanings. e.g. The cow was found by the stream. The cow was found by the farmer.
Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can know some sentences with different structure, but related meanings. e.g. The police examined the bullet. The bullet was examined by the police.
Produced by the influence of the environment. Produced by both influence of the environment and human inherent ability. It is the human inherent ability- Language Acquisition Device. The dispute about the derivation of linguistic competence
LINGUISTIC PERFORMANCE How you actually use your knowledge about language. Performance is the actual use of the language by individuals in speech and writing. Utterances might : o Contain features irrelevant to the abstract rule systems-hesitation, unfinished structure. o Involve psychological and social difficulties- lapses of memory, limitations, tiredness
o Descr i be t he psychol ogi cal process i nvol ved i n usi ng t he l i ngui st i c compet ence i n al l ways t hat t he speaker can act ual l y use i t . o Psychol ogi cal pr ocess: Pr oduci ng ut t er ances Under st andi ng t hem Maki ng j udgment s about t hem Acqui r i ng t he abi l i t y t o do al l t hese
Rel at i onshi p bet ween Compet ence and Perf ormance I f you make grammat i cal mi st akes, but you know t hey are mi st akes, t hen your perf ormance does not mat ch your compet ence. I f you don't know t hey are mi st akes, t hen your compet ence mat ches your perf ormance, and you ar e pr obabl y not nat i ve
Evi dent l y, t her e i s a di f f er ence bet ween havi ng t he knowl edge necessary t o produce sent ences of a l anguage, and appl yi ng t hi s knowl edge. I t i s a di f f er ence bet ween what you know, whi ch i s your l i ngui st i c compet ence, and how you use t hi s knowl edge i n act ual speech pr oduct i on and compr ehensi on, whi ch i s your l i ngui st i c per f or mance.
When we speak, we usual l y wi sh t o convey some message. At some st age i n t he act of pr oduci ng speech, we must organi ze our t hought s i nt o st ri ngs of words. Somet i mes t he message i s gar bl ed. We may st ammer, or pause, or produce sl i ps of t he t ongue. We may even sound l i ke t he baby, who i l l ust r at es t he di f f er ence bet ween l i ngui st i c knowl edge and t he way we use t hat knowl edge i n per f or mance.
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competence vs performance elt

  • 2. DEFINITION COMPETENCE PERFORMANCE Persons knowledge of his language. The system rules which a language user has mastered so that it would be possible for that user to produce and understand an infinite number of sentences and recognise grammatical mistakes and ambiguities A term used in the linguistic theory of transformational generative grammar, refer to language is seen as a set of specific utterances produced by native speaker.
  • 3. LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE What you know about the language. Concern: o-communicative competence-grammatical sociolinguist, discourse and strategic. opragmatic competence-how language is used. oliterary competence- ability to handle special properties of literary language.
  • 4. Linguistic competence of native language One can recognize whether the word belongs to his native language. e.g. Slip slib sbill * *
  • 5. Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He also can know the morphology, such as prefix, suffix. e.g. Re-cuddle nonderiveable en-rich-ment*
  • 6. Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can distinguish sentence and non-sentences. e.g. The accident was seen by thousands. The accident was looked by thousands. *
  • 7. Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can distinguish some sentences which have the same structure but the different meanings. e.g. The cow was found by the stream. The cow was found by the farmer.
  • 8. Li ngui st i c compet ence of nat i ve l anguage He can know some sentences with different structure, but related meanings. e.g. The police examined the bullet. The bullet was examined by the police.
  • 9. Produced by the influence of the environment. Produced by both influence of the environment and human inherent ability. It is the human inherent ability- Language Acquisition Device. The dispute about the derivation of linguistic competence
  • 10. LINGUISTIC PERFORMANCE How you actually use your knowledge about language. Performance is the actual use of the language by individuals in speech and writing. Utterances might : o Contain features irrelevant to the abstract rule systems-hesitation, unfinished structure. o Involve psychological and social difficulties- lapses of memory, limitations, tiredness
  • 11. o Descr i be t he psychol ogi cal process i nvol ved i n usi ng t he l i ngui st i c compet ence i n al l ways t hat t he speaker can act ual l y use i t . o Psychol ogi cal pr ocess: Pr oduci ng ut t er ances Under st andi ng t hem Maki ng j udgment s about t hem Acqui r i ng t he abi l i t y t o do al l t hese
  • 12. Rel at i onshi p bet ween Compet ence and Perf ormance I f you make grammat i cal mi st akes, but you know t hey are mi st akes, t hen your perf ormance does not mat ch your compet ence. I f you don't know t hey are mi st akes, t hen your compet ence mat ches your perf ormance, and you ar e pr obabl y not nat i ve
  • 13. Evi dent l y, t her e i s a di f f er ence bet ween havi ng t he knowl edge necessary t o produce sent ences of a l anguage, and appl yi ng t hi s knowl edge. I t i s a di f f er ence bet ween what you know, whi ch i s your l i ngui st i c compet ence, and how you use t hi s knowl edge i n act ual speech pr oduct i on and compr ehensi on, whi ch i s your l i ngui st i c per f or mance.
  • 14. When we speak, we usual l y wi sh t o convey some message. At some st age i n t he act of pr oduci ng speech, we must organi ze our t hought s i nt o st ri ngs of words. Somet i mes t he message i s gar bl ed. We may st ammer, or pause, or produce sl i ps of t he t ongue. We may even sound l i ke t he baby, who i l l ust r at es t he di f f er ence bet ween l i ngui st i c knowl edge and t he way we use t hat knowl edge i n per f or mance.