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Conditionals Bach

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This document outlines the different types of conditional sentences in English including zero/universal conditionals, first conditionals, second conditionals, and third conditionals. It provides the form, use, examples, and notes for each type of conditional sentence. General facts about conditional sentences such as changing the order of clauses and common connectors like "unless" and "provided" are also covered at the end.

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CONDITIONALCONDITIONAL SENTENCESSENTENCES
TYPE ZERO / UNIVERSAL FORM IF + Present, Present / Imperative USE True / scientific facts Instructions
EXAMPLES If you put paper on a fire, it burns If the phone rings, answer it
FIRST CONDITIONAL (TYPE 1) FORM IF + Present, WILL (Must / can / may) USE Likely / probable results Promises, warnings, threats
EXAMPLES If we dont leave now, well miss the train If you pass your exam, Ill give you a job
SECOND CONDITIONAL (TYPE 2) FORM IF + Past simple, WOULD (Could / Might) USE Unreal/Improbable situations (Conditions wont be met) Advice / suppositions contrary to known facts
EXAMPLES If you did more exercise, youd feel better If I were you, I wouldnt drive so fast If she was / were taller, she would play basketball NOTES If I were you (Written / formal language) If I were / was you (spoken language) If he / she / it were (more usual) If he / she / it was (more colloquial)
THIRD CONDITIONAL (TYPE 3) FORM IF + Past perfect, WOULD HAVE + Past Participle (Could / Might) USE Impossible situations (Speculation about the past)
EXAMPLES If I had had your address, (Id had) I would have sent you a postcard (Id have)
MIXED CONDITIONALS To talk about past events or actions that have a result in the present, we can mix the second and the third conditional: If I had passed all my exams, I would be on the beach now.
GENERAL FACTS We can exchange the order of the clauses If you go, Ill go Ill go if you go
Connectors UNLESS = IF NOT A menos que / a no ser que You wont pass if you dont study You wont pass unless you study PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT) Con tal de que ON CONDITION (THAT) A condici坦n de que IN CASE Por si ASSUMING / SUPPOSING (THAT) Suponiendo que AS LONG AS / SO LONG AS Siempre que EVEN IF WHETHER
THETHE ENDEND

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Conditionals Bach

  • 2. TYPE ZERO / UNIVERSAL FORM IF + Present, Present / Imperative USE True / scientific facts Instructions
  • 3. EXAMPLES If you put paper on a fire, it burns If the phone rings, answer it
  • 4. FIRST CONDITIONAL (TYPE 1) FORM IF + Present, WILL (Must / can / may) USE Likely / probable results Promises, warnings, threats
  • 5. EXAMPLES If we dont leave now, well miss the train If you pass your exam, Ill give you a job
  • 6. SECOND CONDITIONAL (TYPE 2) FORM IF + Past simple, WOULD (Could / Might) USE Unreal/Improbable situations (Conditions wont be met) Advice / suppositions contrary to known facts
  • 7. EXAMPLES If you did more exercise, youd feel better If I were you, I wouldnt drive so fast If she was / were taller, she would play basketball NOTES If I were you (Written / formal language) If I were / was you (spoken language) If he / she / it were (more usual) If he / she / it was (more colloquial)
  • 8. THIRD CONDITIONAL (TYPE 3) FORM IF + Past perfect, WOULD HAVE + Past Participle (Could / Might) USE Impossible situations (Speculation about the past)
  • 9. EXAMPLES If I had had your address, (Id had) I would have sent you a postcard (Id have)
  • 10. MIXED CONDITIONALS To talk about past events or actions that have a result in the present, we can mix the second and the third conditional: If I had passed all my exams, I would be on the beach now.
  • 11. GENERAL FACTS We can exchange the order of the clauses If you go, Ill go Ill go if you go
  • 12. Connectors UNLESS = IF NOT A menos que / a no ser que You wont pass if you dont study You wont pass unless you study PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT) Con tal de que ON CONDITION (THAT) A condici坦n de que IN CASE Por si ASSUMING / SUPPOSING (THAT) Suponiendo que AS LONG AS / SO LONG AS Siempre que EVEN IF WHETHER