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connected dot com young peoples navigation

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Melisizwe King
Melisizwe King

The document summarizes key findings from a qualitative study exploring young people's online experiences in South Africa. The study found that while young people were aware of online risks like cyberbullying, they were still willing to take risks online in order to feel a sense of inclusion. Young people employed both proactive strategies like privacy settings as well as responsive strategies like blocking or ignoring users to manage different types of online risks. Communication-focused strategies like telling a friend their location or using a phone to talk through problems were also used. The document recommends that policies focus on building youth resilience to online risks and enhancing self-efficacy, rather than simply restricting access.

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Pretoria 28 November 2013
The internet is a city and, like any great city, it has monumental libraries and theatres and museums and places in which you can learn and pick up information and there are facilities for you that are astounding - specialised museums, not just general ones. But there are also slums and there are red light districts and there are really sleazy areas where you wouldn't want your children wandering alone. And I think people must understand that about the internet - it is a new city, it's a virtual city and there will be parts of it of course that they dislike, but you don't pull down London because it's got a red light district.(Fry, 2009) 2
About the study The body of literature on young peoples use of ICTs is growing The extent of these risks and the way young people respond to them is largely unknown in SA The CJCP, in partnership with UNICEF SA, undertook a qualitative study aimed at exploring young peoples online experiences, as part of a larger national quantitative research study on school violence in 2012. Data from the NSVS will be used to contextualise the qualitative findings 3
Study purpose and objectives To explore young peoples use of social media To gauge their perceptions of dangers and risks faced online To explore the ways in which they negotiate their safety online 4
Methodology Sample stratified by province, drawn from 2012 EMIS Proportionately representative of total number of secondary schools per province Total of 121 schools Schools randomly sampled within provinces Consent obtained from both parents and learners Learners producing completed informed consent randomly selected by field supervisors FOCUS GROUPS 93 schools 8- 10 learners per group 177 focus groups Grade 8 12 Single sex & mixed sex 5
Use of social media and ICT in SA Own or have access to a mobile phone 81.1 Own or have access to a computer, ipad, tablet 54.3 Ever access to the internet on your mobile phone 46.2 Ever use Instant Messaging through your mobile phone 42.3 Have your own social networking page 30.9 Ever participate in online chatrooms 24.4 Ever host or contribute to a website/blog 10 Ever use Instant Messaging through a computer 9.5
connected dot com young peoples navigation
Marks dropped because of it 20.3 Felt sad & hurt 21.5 I cried 24.6 Missed school because of it 24.6 Blamed myself 30.8 Had difficulty concentrating 31.4 Felt anxious 46.5 Felt afraid 53.2 felt embarrassed 59.1 felt angry 78.8 0 10 20 30 40 50 % 60 70 80 90 8
Boys Girls Self-reported online behaviour 13.9 10.3 25 20 % 15 10 5 20.3 12.1 6.2 4.3 Ever lied about your age online Ever met, in real life, someone you have met online Ever sent a text about someone to make them angry or mad Ever posted something harmful online about someone 0 9
Willing to risk online harm to feel a sense of inclusion The pitfalls highlighted were congruent with adult views of online dangers Young people were acutely aware of the dangers and disadvantages of social media Risks focused on the online-offline nexus and online violence and cyberbullying
Online offline nexus Ja Im curious, you think of the disadvantages but then you come back and say Im gonna meet him in a public place what bad thing would happen, okay let me take that riskits good to take that risks you know Okay, ja Im scared but I always have hope that these people are all my age cos I never met somebody who is old 11
Strategies to mitigate risks Risk was managed through different strategies developed for different forms of harm Proactive or preventative strategies focused on the management of the platform Proactive (privacy settings) Responsive (i.e. blocking) Responsive strategies included logging off, leaving the internet site, ignoring requests or doing nothing 12
Proactive and responsive strategies What I usually do if he or she wants to meet meI say okay ask her what he or she will wear. Hell tell me, and then he will ask me too what I will wear. Ill sayI will wear orange clothes, but then when I go I wont wear orange clothes so that I can see you I will say if someone chats with me on mxit and says who am I & where do I come from, you see I will just say no I dont know you, either you stop chatting or I will delete you. Then if he or she continues with that I will just delete it Facebook privacy settings, WhatsApp blocking, deny request on Mxit and hide personal details 13
Communication-focused strategies So when you need somebody to talk to about a certain issue, you feel like you cant speak to maybe your friends or your parents. You need like an outsiders perspective, when you go and speak to these people Telling someone close to you where you (are) going to meet someone, and to provide evidence if something may happen to you. A phone is like a person I can talk to. Its like I can talk to it when Im feeling down.and you having problems. 14
Debunking some of the myths Myth 1: Cyberbullying and other online risks are a new epidemic that threatens the wellbeing of children Myth 2: All children are equally vulnerable to risk and harm Myth 3: Young people are unaware of the real dangers that exist online Myth 4: Controlling access to and use of social media will protect children 15
Recommendations Policies need to focus on fostering an environment where young people can build resilience & learn appropriate responses to online risks. Youth possess the resources to manage online conflict. Strategies should build on internal and external resources that children have and should enhance self efficacy. Online safety policies should be embedded within broader violence and bullying prevention strategies.
Recommendations Increase victim support services. Policy responses should be driven by evidence-led approaches. Policy responses should be premised on a comprehensive understanding of adolescent development.
ICTs are important for well-being and selfefficacy: and you use it, like, maybe when you feel down or something, and when you dont want to talk to someone else, you just have to go to your phone and listen to music because music is like, um, feelings with words, so that music can help you calm down or something.
THANK YOU www.cjcp.org.za www.cyberbullying.org.za

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connected dot com young peoples navigation

  • 2. The internet is a city and, like any great city, it has monumental libraries and theatres and museums and places in which you can learn and pick up information and there are facilities for you that are astounding - specialised museums, not just general ones. But there are also slums and there are red light districts and there are really sleazy areas where you wouldn't want your children wandering alone. And I think people must understand that about the internet - it is a new city, it's a virtual city and there will be parts of it of course that they dislike, but you don't pull down London because it's got a red light district.(Fry, 2009) 2
  • 3. About the study The body of literature on young peoples use of ICTs is growing The extent of these risks and the way young people respond to them is largely unknown in SA The CJCP, in partnership with UNICEF SA, undertook a qualitative study aimed at exploring young peoples online experiences, as part of a larger national quantitative research study on school violence in 2012. Data from the NSVS will be used to contextualise the qualitative findings 3
  • 4. Study purpose and objectives To explore young peoples use of social media To gauge their perceptions of dangers and risks faced online To explore the ways in which they negotiate their safety online 4
  • 5. Methodology Sample stratified by province, drawn from 2012 EMIS Proportionately representative of total number of secondary schools per province Total of 121 schools Schools randomly sampled within provinces Consent obtained from both parents and learners Learners producing completed informed consent randomly selected by field supervisors FOCUS GROUPS 93 schools 8- 10 learners per group 177 focus groups Grade 8 12 Single sex & mixed sex 5
  • 6. Use of social media and ICT in SA Own or have access to a mobile phone 81.1 Own or have access to a computer, ipad, tablet 54.3 Ever access to the internet on your mobile phone 46.2 Ever use Instant Messaging through your mobile phone 42.3 Have your own social networking page 30.9 Ever participate in online chatrooms 24.4 Ever host or contribute to a website/blog 10 Ever use Instant Messaging through a computer 9.5
  • 8. Marks dropped because of it 20.3 Felt sad & hurt 21.5 I cried 24.6 Missed school because of it 24.6 Blamed myself 30.8 Had difficulty concentrating 31.4 Felt anxious 46.5 Felt afraid 53.2 felt embarrassed 59.1 felt angry 78.8 0 10 20 30 40 50 % 60 70 80 90 8
  • 9. Boys Girls Self-reported online behaviour 13.9 10.3 25 20 % 15 10 5 20.3 12.1 6.2 4.3 Ever lied about your age online Ever met, in real life, someone you have met online Ever sent a text about someone to make them angry or mad Ever posted something harmful online about someone 0 9
  • 10. Willing to risk online harm to feel a sense of inclusion The pitfalls highlighted were congruent with adult views of online dangers Young people were acutely aware of the dangers and disadvantages of social media Risks focused on the online-offline nexus and online violence and cyberbullying
  • 11. Online offline nexus Ja Im curious, you think of the disadvantages but then you come back and say Im gonna meet him in a public place what bad thing would happen, okay let me take that riskits good to take that risks you know Okay, ja Im scared but I always have hope that these people are all my age cos I never met somebody who is old 11
  • 12. Strategies to mitigate risks Risk was managed through different strategies developed for different forms of harm Proactive or preventative strategies focused on the management of the platform Proactive (privacy settings) Responsive (i.e. blocking) Responsive strategies included logging off, leaving the internet site, ignoring requests or doing nothing 12
  • 13. Proactive and responsive strategies What I usually do if he or she wants to meet meI say okay ask her what he or she will wear. Hell tell me, and then he will ask me too what I will wear. Ill sayI will wear orange clothes, but then when I go I wont wear orange clothes so that I can see you I will say if someone chats with me on mxit and says who am I & where do I come from, you see I will just say no I dont know you, either you stop chatting or I will delete you. Then if he or she continues with that I will just delete it Facebook privacy settings, WhatsApp blocking, deny request on Mxit and hide personal details 13
  • 14. Communication-focused strategies So when you need somebody to talk to about a certain issue, you feel like you cant speak to maybe your friends or your parents. You need like an outsiders perspective, when you go and speak to these people Telling someone close to you where you (are) going to meet someone, and to provide evidence if something may happen to you. A phone is like a person I can talk to. Its like I can talk to it when Im feeling down.and you having problems. 14
  • 15. Debunking some of the myths Myth 1: Cyberbullying and other online risks are a new epidemic that threatens the wellbeing of children Myth 2: All children are equally vulnerable to risk and harm Myth 3: Young people are unaware of the real dangers that exist online Myth 4: Controlling access to and use of social media will protect children 15
  • 16. Recommendations Policies need to focus on fostering an environment where young people can build resilience & learn appropriate responses to online risks. Youth possess the resources to manage online conflict. Strategies should build on internal and external resources that children have and should enhance self efficacy. Online safety policies should be embedded within broader violence and bullying prevention strategies.
  • 17. Recommendations Increase victim support services. Policy responses should be driven by evidence-led approaches. Policy responses should be premised on a comprehensive understanding of adolescent development.
  • 18. ICTs are important for well-being and selfefficacy: and you use it, like, maybe when you feel down or something, and when you dont want to talk to someone else, you just have to go to your phone and listen to music because music is like, um, feelings with words, so that music can help you calm down or something.