The document introduces constructivism as a learning theory. It explains that constructivism views learning as an active process where students construct new ideas based on their current and past knowledge. They learn through experiences and interactions. The role of the lecturer is to guide students and encourage discovery within their "zone of proximal development" to help them progress to more advanced levels of understanding. ICT tools can support teaching methods aligned with constructivism by facilitating hands-on learning experiences and problem solving.