Corrosion in fertilizer industry
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Corrosion remains a significant challenge in the fertilizer industry, primarily due to the corrosive nature of raw materials, leading to potential downtimes and financial losses. Various types of corrosion, including active, intergranular, and galvanic corrosion, impact equipment longevity and can cause operational failures. It is recommended that manufacturers enhance inspection methodologies and compile existing corrosion data to better manage these risks.
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Introduction to Natural Language Processing - Stages in NLP Pipeline, Challen...resming1
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Lecture delivered in 2021. This gives an introduction to Natural Language Processing. It describes the use cases of NLP in daily life. It discusses the stages in NLP Pipeline. It highlights the challenges involved covering the different levels of ambiguity that could arise. It also gives a brief note on the present scenario with the latest language models, tools and frameworks/libraries for NLP.Decoding Kotlin - Your Guide to Solving the Mysterious in Kotlin - Devoxx PL ...
Decoding Kotlin - Your Guide to Solving the Mysterious in Kotlin - Devoxx PL ...Jo?o Esperancinha
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Kotlin can be very handy and easy to use. Kotlin offers the possibility to develop code that is easy to understand, safe, immutable, and thus predictable and follows standards that avoid side effects. I realized that very quickly after I started my Kotlin journey that already amounts to more than 5 years.
This is the third version of this presentation focused on more detail explaining inline, crossinline, tailrec and as a bonus a quick run through unnamed classes.Ad
Corrosion in fertilizer industry
- 1. Corrosion in Fertilizer industry CourseTitle: Corrosion Engineering Name: Shaikh Ashraful Alam Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- 2. Corrosion in Fertilizer industry o Corrosion has continued to be a major concern for manufacturers of fertilizers due to corrosive nature of raw materials used in the production process. o Industry runs high risk of encountering un-foreseen downtimes due to damage caused by corrosion and result in heavy losses to the fertilizer manufacturers.
- 3. o Active corrosion is one of the most common forms of corrosion that can be prevented by exposing SS to carbamate solutions and passivated by the design amount of oxygen, else SS suffers severe thinning thus reducing longevity of the equipment o Erosion corrosion. o Inter Granular Corrosion (IGC)is due to oxidizing action of oxygen containing urea carbamate solution, a low NH3/CO2ratio and segregation of impurities in sensitized SS. o Any chloride ingress in the shell side of the stripper/carbamate condenser will initiate Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) on austenitic SS tubes, whereas duplex SS material resists SCC. o Galvanic corrosion occurs in intercooler and after cooler of CO2 gas cleaning circuit , which in some cases have resulted in shutdown of the plant within six months. What type of corrosion occur in Fertilizer industry? Basis Urea mfg
- 4. How corrosion occur in fertilizer industry Acid Attacks o Phosphoric Acid o Nitro-phosphoric Acid o Nitric Acid Others o Potassium and chlorine deposits o Microbial Induced Corrosion o Urea Ammonium Nitrate o Aqueous Amine Solutions
- 5. In March 2000 in Ohio, USA a tank leak….. Quickly resulted in complete tank collapse……. And a “river of fertilizer flowed through Main Street” Corrosion: occurs disaster in fertilizer industry
- 6. Recommendations .oFertilizer manufacturers should develop methodology to maintain and optimise inspection programs for high corrosion risk to fertilizer plant equipment. oThere is a need to compile the available data on corrosion in fertilizer industry since there is very limited data available.