Cpec issue and its significance in international diplomacy
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The document discusses the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a project to build a road connecting Kashgar, China to Gwadar Port in Pakistan. CPEC aims to improve energy and communication infrastructure in Pakistan and regional connectivity. At a cost of $46-51 billion, CPEC will shorten China's oil import route from the Middle East by 12,000 km. CPEC passes through several Pakistani provinces and regions and ends in the disputed territory of Kashmir. The project is expected to boost Pakistan's economy, but some note disadvantages like threats to local industries and issues related to the disputed Kashmir region.
Cpec issue and its significance in international diplomacy
- 3. CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDER (CPEC)
- 4. MAJOR DISCUSSIONS IMPORTANT SEA ROUTES IN THE WORLD THE CPEC AND CHINA ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES FOR PAKISTAN SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTE INDIA AND CPEC BALOCHISTAN ISSUE
- 6. IMPORTANT PORTS OF ASIA-MIDDLE EAST
- 8. OIL IMPORTING ROUTE FOR CHINA
- 9. WHAT IS CPEC?? A ROAD WILL BE MADE STARTING FROM GWADAR PORT IN PAKISTAN ,WHICH WILL PASS THROUGH THE WHOLE COUNTRY AND ENDS IN KASHGAR IN CHINA,WHICH IS NAMED AS THE CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR. The road consists of tunnels ,railways,airpots etc. It passes through Balochistan then enters Punjab region,then FATA region, enters gilgit-Baltistan(POK) and finally enters china ends at KAHSGAR.
- 10. ROUTE MAP OF CPEC STARTS FROM GWADAR ENDS IN KASHGAR
- 11. The 3000KM CPEC connecting Xinjiang (Kashgar) with Pakistans Gwadar port through POK is stated to cost $46 billion. The project will shorten the route for chinas energy imports from the middle east by about 12000 KM. This project includes building of highways, railways as well as pipelines. It is among the six economic corridors conceived under chinas silk road economic belt and 21st century maritime silk road.
- 13. POLICY FRAMEWORK :- Part of OBOR initiative. MANDATE :- TO IMPROVE ENERGY & COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN TO IMPROVE REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY FINANCIAL OUTLAY: $46 - 51 BILLION EQUALS ALL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN PAKISTAN SINCE 1970 EQUIVALENT TO 17% OF PAKISTAN'S 2015 GDP INCREASE IN TRADE PAK-CHINA VOLUME FROM $1 BILLION IN 1998 TO $15.15 BILLION IN 2015 PROVIDES A BASIS FOR CPEC
- 14. THE DIVIDENDS FOR PAKISTAN COMMUNICATION INFASTRUCTURE: IMPROVED & OVERHAULED ENERGY DEFICIT: REDUCED FOREIGN POLICY: RELATIONS WITH CHINA ENHANCED & RELATIONS WITH REGIONAL COUNTRIES IMPROVED JOB CREATION: UPWARDS OF 700,000 DIRECT JOBS CREATED BETWEEN 20152030 ANNUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH: ADD 2 TO 2.5 PERCENTAGE POINTS FOR CHINA CONNECTIVITY: WITH REGIONAL COUNTRIES & BEYOND ACCESS: DIRECT ACCESS TO ARABIAN SEA & PERSIAN GULF TRADE ROUTES: DISTANCES REDUCED
- 15. ROUTE MAP
- 17. INVESTMENT IN PAKISTAN BY CHINA
- 18. STRAIT OF HORMUZ It is the major sea route in the middle east asia as well as in the world for oil transportation(near the gulf). Around one third of worlds traded oil supplies pass through this strait. It means who would be able to control this path it can control the major part of world trade market. Gwadar port is near it and Pakistan does its oil import by this port, But now china has planned to invest and develop the Gwadar port ,WHY??
- 19. OIL EXPORTING THROUGH STRAIT OF HORMUZ
- 20. WHY CPEC AND ITS BENEFITS TO CHINA China, while importing crude oil from middle east passes through the strait of MALACCA ,then enters the south china sea region which is very disputed region due to all country nearby it claims that region to be theirs, because it is full of natural gas,oil resources which would be very helpful in coming future. This route is also one of the most important trade sea routes in the world, South korea,North korea,japan ,Indonesia,Phillipines,Vietnam,Taiwan etc. countries also do their trade by this root so,acquairing this south china sea is of great impotance for china.
- 23. As the trade is mainly done in the eastern side of china and major cities are situated here eastern china is much developed than the western part of china Only 6% of total population of the country lives in the western parts,where as 94% of the total population is in the eastern side,this clearly indicates the difference between these 2 parts. Adding to it,china is not able to keep good trade rrelationship with middle asia,due to lack of connectivity.
- 25. Chinese industries are facing problems to compete in global market due to high transportation cost and delivery time. China is using a longest way due to which transportation cost and time increases, which gives a competitive edge to competitors e.g. Japan, USA
- 27. BENEFITS TO CHINA Problems with south china sea can be eliminated. China can easily extend its western area,its development can be done by industrialisation . It would decrease the travel distance and cost greatly from China to Gulf. Even if China uses PCEC for 50% of its Oil supplies then it will save $6 Million every day, almost $2 billion every year. Independent path from India and USAs interference. New business market in another country.
- 28. BENEFITS TO PAKISTAN Development of Infrastructure. Connect all the Province. Development of FATA and Balochistan. Job opportunities Strategic and economic trade routes. CPEC from all counts will prove a game changer Investments by China will boost Pakistans $274 billion GDP by over 15 % Given the solid foundations of friendship
- 29. DISADVANTAGES FOR PAKISTAN This leads to threat for local markets and local manufacturers Disturb of local industries Difficult to compete chines product in market Dependent to China
- 30. ISSUES REGARDING INDIA The route consists of Gilgit-Baltistan (POK) which is an disputed land, if china will be able to make road through it ,this will be a great threat to Indian security . So if India doesnt want this road cant be made . A major portion of the corridor passes through Balochistan ,which is forcibly occupied by Pakistan and violation of human rights is vary often noticed.
- 31. So, if India supports Balochistan it can also have a whole new set of equations. India is investing in iran ($ 20 billion) and Afghanistan (300 million dollar) and developing chabahar port which will provide india with free path for trade with Afghanistan and Iran At the same time if china will be albe to develop Gwadar port it can create troubles in these area as Gwadar port is only 72KMs away from chabahar port
- 34. BALOCHISTAN ISSUE Balochistan is the largest province of pakistan geographically. Least populated but full of natural resources. 27 districts occupies 44% of total volume of Pakistan. At time of line of creation of balochistan it was divided into 2 parts Gawadar was part of sultanate of oman and was purchased on Sep 1958 and was made part in 1977 Balochistan province came into being on jul 1st 1970
- 36. Economy is disturb and destroyed no development no jobs no common facilities no technical instutions. Balochistan is neglected for past 6 decades. No basic facilities of education communication sources and infrastructure It is the largest but most backward province as compared to the other provinces of Pakistan Injustice and no fundamental rights No projects and development works benefitted people of Baluchistan
- 37. unique cultural identity No representation given to baloch culture Balochs and pashtoons have strong tradition and culture Baloch do not want to loose their culture THE CURRENT SITUATION IN BALOCHISTAN IS WORSE THE CONFLICT BETWEEN SECURITY FORCES AND BALOCH INSURGENT GROUPS THE KILLING OF NAWAB AKBAR BUGTI
- 38. CONCLUSION Natural Gateway for China Positive response by both countries through mutual cooperation Both countries are keen to enhance trade activities Infrastructural improvement and Development of Dams Stability of economy by investment in different sectors
- 40. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION By : Ashish Kumar Gouda