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Critical Media Literacy Garland Katherin2

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Kathy Garland
Kathy Garland

This document discusses critical media literacy and how to analyze media messages. It defines media literacy as the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media. Fake news is intentionally false information published as news, whereas mistakes or satire do not qualify. The document outlines five core concepts of critical media literacy: 1) all media messages are constructed, 2) codes and conventions are used, 3) audiences decode messages differently, 4) media has embedded values and points of view, and 5) media is organized for profit and power. It provides questions to analyze any media message based on these concepts, such as who created it and why, and encourages testing these skills.

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Using Critical Media Literacy to Read Media UPB Talk Dr. Katherin Garland katherin.garland@sfcollege.edu
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
What is FAKE NEWS?
FAKE NEWS does not include unintentional reporting mistakes; rumors that do not originate from a news article; conspiracy theories; satire; false statements by politicians; and reports that are slanted or misleading. (Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017, p. 5)
FAKE NEWS includes news articles that are intentionally and verifiably false, and could mislead readers (Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017, p. 4).
Media Literacy Media Literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a variety of forms (Aufderheide, 1993 as qtd in Hobbs, 1996, p. 166).
Which of these is Fake News?
Using Media Literacy to Read Fake News
Access a Fact/Bias-Checking Site Allslides Fact Check Media Matters News Busters Open Secrets Politifact ProPublica Snopes The Sunlight Foundation Washington Post Fact Checker (Snelling, 2018, pp.78-79)
Critical Media Literacy Critical Media Literacy requires that students Pay attention to how media is constructed to perpetuate cultural views; View media constructions as a part of pre- established cultural views; Recognize their own and others roles as audience members who consume media; and Understand that media is an entertainment business with the explicit purpose to generate profit (Kellner & Share, 2005).
What is critical media literacy pedagogy? Five Core Concepts of Critical Media Literacy (Kellner & Share, 2005, pp. 374-377) Five Key Questions (Center for Media Literacy) 1. Principle of Non-Transparency: All media messages are constructed. 1. Who created this message? 2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? 3. Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. 3. How might different people understand this message differently from me? 4. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. 4. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? 5. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. 5. Why is this message being sent?
Principle of Non-Transparency: All media messages are constructed. Who created this message? Who created this message?
Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. How might different people understand this message differently from me?
Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. 15 Billionaires Own Americas News Media Companies (Vinton, 2016) Rupert Murdoch: 21st Century Fox (120 newspapers, across five countries) Cox Family/Cox Enterprises: Atlanta Journal-Constitution (six other daily newspapers, more than a dozen non-daily publications, 14 broadcast TV stations, one local cable channel, 59 radio stations) Amazon founder Jeff Bezos: The Washington Post
Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power.
Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power.
What is Popular Media?
1. All media messages are constructed. Who created this message?
1. All media messages are constructed. Who created this message?
1. All media messages are constructed.
2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. FILM LANGUAGE John Golden (2001) MOST COMMON SHOTS Medium Close-up Long VARIATIONS OF SHOTS Two-shot Extreme close-up Over-the-shoulder-shot Point-of-view shot
2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Medium shot Close-up Shot
2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Extreme close-up shot Long shot
2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Two shot Point of View shot
4. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values, and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
3. Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. How might different people understand this message differently than me?
5. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. Why is this message being sent?
TEST your Critical Media Literacy 1. Who created this message? 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? 3. How might different people understand this message differently from me? 4. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? 5. Why is this message being sent?
QUESTIONS? katherin.garland@sfcollege.edu

More Related Content

Critical Media Literacy Garland Katherin2

  • 1. Using Critical Media Literacy to Read Media UPB Talk Dr. Katherin Garland katherin.garland@sfcollege.edu
  • 2. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
  • 3. What is FAKE NEWS?
  • 4. FAKE NEWS does not include unintentional reporting mistakes; rumors that do not originate from a news article; conspiracy theories; satire; false statements by politicians; and reports that are slanted or misleading. (Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017, p. 5)
  • 5. FAKE NEWS includes news articles that are intentionally and verifiably false, and could mislead readers (Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017, p. 4).
  • 6. Media Literacy Media Literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a variety of forms (Aufderheide, 1993 as qtd in Hobbs, 1996, p. 166).
  • 7. Which of these is Fake News?
  • 9. Access a Fact/Bias-Checking Site Allslides Fact Check Media Matters News Busters Open Secrets Politifact ProPublica Snopes The Sunlight Foundation Washington Post Fact Checker (Snelling, 2018, pp.78-79)
  • 10. Critical Media Literacy Critical Media Literacy requires that students Pay attention to how media is constructed to perpetuate cultural views; View media constructions as a part of pre- established cultural views; Recognize their own and others roles as audience members who consume media; and Understand that media is an entertainment business with the explicit purpose to generate profit (Kellner & Share, 2005).
  • 11. What is critical media literacy pedagogy? Five Core Concepts of Critical Media Literacy (Kellner & Share, 2005, pp. 374-377) Five Key Questions (Center for Media Literacy) 1. Principle of Non-Transparency: All media messages are constructed. 1. Who created this message? 2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? 3. Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. 3. How might different people understand this message differently from me? 4. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. 4. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? 5. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. 5. Why is this message being sent?
  • 12. Principle of Non-Transparency: All media messages are constructed. Who created this message? Who created this message?
  • 13. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
  • 14. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
  • 15. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
  • 16. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
  • 17. Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. How might different people understand this message differently from me?
  • 18. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. 15 Billionaires Own Americas News Media Companies (Vinton, 2016) Rupert Murdoch: 21st Century Fox (120 newspapers, across five countries) Cox Family/Cox Enterprises: Atlanta Journal-Constitution (six other daily newspapers, more than a dozen non-daily publications, 14 broadcast TV stations, one local cable channel, 59 radio stations) Amazon founder Jeff Bezos: The Washington Post
  • 19. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power.
  • 21. What is Popular Media?
  • 22. 1. All media messages are constructed. Who created this message?
  • 23. 1. All media messages are constructed. Who created this message?
  • 24. 1. All media messages are constructed.
  • 25. 2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
  • 26. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
  • 27. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention?
  • 28. 2. Codes and Conventions: Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules. FILM LANGUAGE John Golden (2001) MOST COMMON SHOTS Medium Close-up Long VARIATIONS OF SHOTS Two-shot Extreme close-up Over-the-shoulder-shot Point-of-view shot
  • 29. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Medium shot Close-up Shot
  • 30. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Extreme close-up shot Long shot
  • 31. 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? Two shot Point of View shot
  • 32. 4. Content and Messages: Media have embedded values and points of view. What lifestyles, values, and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message?
  • 33. 3. Audience Decoding: Different people experience the same media message differently. How might different people understand this message differently than me?
  • 34. 5. Motivation: Media are organized to gain profit and/or power. Why is this message being sent?
  • 35. TEST your Critical Media Literacy 1. Who created this message? 2. What creative techniques are used to attract my attention? 3. How might different people understand this message differently from me? 4. What lifestyles, values and points of view are represented in; or omitted from this message? 5. Why is this message being sent?

Editor's Notes

  1. https://youtu.be/ePs9Mh2Jlf0
  2. https://youtu.be/klIY615a3_A
  3. https://youtu.be/klIY615a3_A
  4. https://youtu.be/klIY615a3_A
  5. https://youtu.be/EgnJQ4oPKgM