Cubism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture. It was developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque between 1907-1920, inspired by African art and Post-Impressionist painters like C辿zanne. Cubism depicted subjects from multiple viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context. There were two phases: Analytic Cubism focused on geometric forms like cubes from 1908-1912; Synthetic Cubism reassembled subjects with collage from 1912-1919. Cubism influenced later artistic movements like Surrealism and Expressionism and revolutionized how artists depicted the visual world.