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Susanne Bj旦rklund

This document discusses research conducted by the Yellow design Foundation on designing and renovating train stations and their surroundings for low carbon cities. It provides details on audits and assessments of stations conducted in multiple European and Asian countries. The document discusses key factors that make cities attractive, such as concentration of activities and quality of life. It also provides examples of efficient land use at large train stations in Asia and Europe. Recommendations are provided on improving Fort Station in Colombo, Sri Lanka based on a SWOT analysis. Short term projects are outlined to make the station more low carbon.

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Low Carbon Stations for Low Carbon Cities Research for design/renovation of Interchanges and their environment G旦tenborg, 06th December 2013 Anne Leemans Secretary General Yellow design Foundation
Based in Brussels, member of UN-Habitat SUDnetwork European platform for research + Information on design & mobility a th r o S IN P u o s f P -U audits, project definitions & assessments of stations in Sweden, Portugal, Belgium, with support of UIC: toolbox of European stations benchmarking of stations in India, Japan, PR China and South Korea SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Human scale and physical structure SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
City is attractive to people thanks to: concentration of activities, products, services, good integration of several functions quality of life: social, economic, cultural, educational heritage (mind mapping) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
City is attractive to people thanks to: Balance between public space, presence of nature and content built environment Good integration creates added value and increases attractiveness SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Hierarchy of cities hierarchy of interchanges Top : -a hub for different transport modes on regional and international level -large scale retail retail -integrated city functions -main national and international station High intermediate : - a hub for different transport modes on city level - regional train service - quality retail - quality services - urban station in regional capitals Low intermediate : -regular train service -regular bus service -small retail, cafeteria -main station in noncapital cities Basic : - clean station, well kept toilets, correct service information - parking lot - a couple of trains and busses per day - station in remote areas SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Integration & Clustering A space syntax analysis The theory: SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
An Example: Berlin Left : Right : City center was located around Kurf端stendam, real estate value was high With disappearance of the wall, zone around Friedrichstrasse again became better integrated ('30), real estate value went up. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Conclusion Fig. 2: Distance from station and real estate value. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Conclusion Integration and clustering of activities and functions improves attractivity of area, city, region. With this space syntax method we can visualise flows of human activity and traffic potential of specific locations If street patterns are modified, integration or segregation will follow. The higher spatial integration, the higher the number of visitors SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Station is City in City SPIN-UP G旦tenborg, 06/27/2013
Station is City in City transit hub: place for mobility connection human interaction: place for human connection, meet, greet and agree/disagree, SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Station is City in City commercial hub: shopping, restaurants and services social and cultural entertainment hub: exhibitions, concerts, semi-public place governed by set of explicit and implicit rules SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Station is complex people-services-productsservices-resources horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines synergies & flows of expertise low carbon approach requires a transversal approach share and compare data from: - land-use - mobility - energy - ICT - urban planning - governance SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Social aspect of stations and station surroundings SPIN-UP: Station as a heterotopia semi-public space, accessible to all without exclusion but needs to be well managed SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Heterotopia (place) Front Space USE As conceived by architect/designer Back Space RUSE Irritation/friction ABUSE Unacceptable SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
A home in the city: provide shelter and structure for homeless citizens during Winter and/or night time in cooperation between operator/authority and specific NGOs (Gare Solidaire) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
A portal to the city: communication and interaction create multiple life patterns in station in tune with multiple life patterns in city referring to specific activities, campaigns going on in station environment or in relation with specific destinations SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
A portal to the city: communication and interaction regular concertation and dialogue with other stakeholders in city give announcements on what's on in city provide space for citizens' activities, for schools (homework classes) increasing sense of ownership and informal support of citizens SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
A beacon in the city: Orientations, integration/segregation confirm safe and secure status of station provide warm and sufficient light in non-transport zones in and around station consider importance of mind mapping for specific user groups maintain the premises in a pristine state SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
A station as a common interest promote sense of ownership and communicate with 'we', 'our provide 'important' services for free (clean toilets and resting zones, tourist and city information) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 1. Infrastructure: some examples land-use: stacked or stretched? acoustics: define height of ceilings in rail and non-rail zones temperature and air-condition: open or closed zones, natural or artificial air-conditioning? visibility proportion day-light vs artificial light? SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: inside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Tokyo Central 35ha 3 583 Berlin Hauptbannhof 4,1ha 1800 Mumbai CST 36ha 615 Milano Centrale 10ha 600 Seoul Central 24ha 270 Paris Montparnasse 20ha 315 Delhi Central 45ha 290 Madrid Atocha 11,2ha 128 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: outside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Shanghai* Hongqiao 22 ha 150 Beijing* South 94 ha 146 * Only high speed services SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Efficient land-use Daily train passengers volume pressure on the yards space, comparison Asia and Europe ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of passengers per day location: inside the city core area Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Mumbai CST 36ha 3 800 000 Berlin Hauptbannhof 4,1ha 300 000 Tokyo Central 35ha 2 290 000 Milano Centrale 10ha 320 000 Delhi Central 45ha 380 000 Madrid Atocha 11,2ha 95 000 Seoul Central 24ha 125 000 Paris Montparnasse 20ha 175 000 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: outside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Beijing* South 94 ha 287 000 Shanghai* Hongqiao 22 ha 157 000 * Only high speed services SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 1. Infrastructure: some examples visibility of the structure vs supplementary signage promote recognition and easy way-finding with minimal directional changes and angular deviation Fig. 3: isovist analysis of a station space to increase safe handling of increasing number of passengers decide on space distribution between rail, logistics and non-rail (retail, business, residential,...) operationsCarbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013 SPIN-UP for Low
SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 2. Equipment considering the choices made under level 1. decide on additional lighting, air-conditioning, sound scaping, interior decoration, seating and other activities SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 3. Look & Feel day-to-day operations create multiple life patterns in station in tune with multiple life patterns in city campaigns, specific actions etc. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Low carbon stations research SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Where are we now? visited Colombo, Kandy and Matale in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka: population: surface: density: 20.277.587 inhabitants, in 2012 65.610km2 323/km2 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Key objectives for Sri Lanka as agreed with World Bank doubling per capita income through sustained high investment shifting the structure of the economy; and ensuring inclusive growth, improvement in living standards, and social inclusion. In general Sri Lanka needs to focus on protected area, ozone-depleting substance consumption, safe drinking water, and basic sanitation, forest cover and CO2 emissions. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
In our field research we have identified the following urgent needs: invest in renovation of rail system (electrification of network, invest in rolling stock and renovate stations) invest in inter-modality, in better physical connection between modal hubs invest in sustainable building materials capacity to recycle water capacity in waste segregation and waste regeneration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The local assets tropical climate with abundant seasonal rain geography allows for hydro generation of electric power high literacy rate recent economic growth between 6,5 and 9% end of 30-year civil war in 2009 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Strenghts heritage architecture central position in the city walking distances to major central functions of the city (?) separate entrance for disabled and pregnant competent staff good objective and perceived security SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Weaknesses inefficient land-use state of infrastructure and facilities limited number of platforms (4) station becoming small for the peakvolume of passengers long walking distance to bus station SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Weaknesses limited number of services weak signage system waste is not segregated water is not recycled hazardous building materials (asbestos roof plates) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Opportunities new master plan development of the station and station surroundings unused railway ground, potential for future development of quality space and non-rail activities economic growth and general attractiveness of the city and country SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Opportunities mixed use of space: rail, retail, office flow segregation (in & out) more seating capacity in station Retail ICT & seamless ticketing SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Threats growing car traffic around the station apparent lack of integrated transport planning unused space for improvement in the railway infrastructure SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Threats apparent lack of structure in use of available space and land absence of water recycling absence of waste segregation SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Food for Thought SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Formalisation of informal transport. Why? pre-condition for fluid circulation lower CO2 emissions passenger safety need for coherent transport planning SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Major assets of informal transport: employment social mobility for poor citizens accessible, affordable, flexible frequency and promptness no transfer needed (80% of passengers do not transfer on trip) speedy driving SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Major drawbacks of informal transport: poor driver behavior lack of passenger safety lack of maintenance lack of reliability and predictability SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Short term to be developed projects and actions by Yellow design Foundation in Colombo: spatial scenario / vision on possibilities for further densification the development of the Fort Station yard and station surrounding recommendations and guidelines to further promote low carbon character of multi-modal transport hub: energy, water and waste SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Short term to be developed projects and actions by Yellow design Foundation in Colombo: integrated pedestrian accessibility study of the station surroundings study of the potential for landscape upgrading including project for public art and street profiles of the station surroundings SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa Some observations non-availability of another mode formal transport or rail is quasi inexistent during off-peak hours lack of intermodal integration lack of re-routing to adapt to evolving demand franchised bus companies meander to increase their catchment areas: prolonged travel time SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa Some observations Public Authorities in South Africa recognise: minibus taxis mean business and job opportunities to the poor SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa The essence of the plan: provide conditional financial and technical assistance to minibus taxis scrapping allowance collectivise through creation of operator's associations (registered, adopt a standard minimum constitution) financially transparent and accountable SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa The essence of the plan: code of conduct creation of 1 representative organization: reach common stance, facilitate consultation, associate industry to formalisation process impose labor standards facilitate intermodal integration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa The estimated effects: reduction of number of minibus taxis and better maintained minibus taxis scrapping allowance for those who want to leave the business collectivisation of drivers promote intermodal integration promote domestic automotive industry SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa Opportunities for franchised operators: predictable flow of revenue opportunity to lease minibusses from bank (risk mutualisation) higher driving safety SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
The Case of South Africa Opportunities for franchised operators: Finally: higher ticketing prices for the poor needs to be compensated by the Government but failure because of lack of operational integration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
Thank you. Anne Leemans Yellow Design Foundation 2013 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013

More Related Content

D res lowcarbonv1

  • 1. Low Carbon Stations for Low Carbon Cities Research for design/renovation of Interchanges and their environment G旦tenborg, 06th December 2013 Anne Leemans Secretary General Yellow design Foundation
  • 2. Based in Brussels, member of UN-Habitat SUDnetwork European platform for research + Information on design & mobility a th r o S IN P u o s f P -U audits, project definitions & assessments of stations in Sweden, Portugal, Belgium, with support of UIC: toolbox of European stations benchmarking of stations in India, Japan, PR China and South Korea SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 3. Human scale and physical structure SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 4. City is attractive to people thanks to: concentration of activities, products, services, good integration of several functions quality of life: social, economic, cultural, educational heritage (mind mapping) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 5. City is attractive to people thanks to: Balance between public space, presence of nature and content built environment Good integration creates added value and increases attractiveness SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 6. Hierarchy of cities hierarchy of interchanges Top : -a hub for different transport modes on regional and international level -large scale retail retail -integrated city functions -main national and international station High intermediate : - a hub for different transport modes on city level - regional train service - quality retail - quality services - urban station in regional capitals Low intermediate : -regular train service -regular bus service -small retail, cafeteria -main station in noncapital cities Basic : - clean station, well kept toilets, correct service information - parking lot - a couple of trains and busses per day - station in remote areas SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 7. Integration & Clustering A space syntax analysis The theory: SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 8. An Example: Berlin Left : Right : City center was located around Kurf端stendam, real estate value was high With disappearance of the wall, zone around Friedrichstrasse again became better integrated ('30), real estate value went up. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 9. Conclusion Fig. 2: Distance from station and real estate value. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 10. Conclusion Integration and clustering of activities and functions improves attractivity of area, city, region. With this space syntax method we can visualise flows of human activity and traffic potential of specific locations If street patterns are modified, integration or segregation will follow. The higher spatial integration, the higher the number of visitors SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 11. Station is City in City SPIN-UP G旦tenborg, 06/27/2013
  • 12. Station is City in City transit hub: place for mobility connection human interaction: place for human connection, meet, greet and agree/disagree, SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 13. Station is City in City commercial hub: shopping, restaurants and services social and cultural entertainment hub: exhibitions, concerts, semi-public place governed by set of explicit and implicit rules SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 14. Station is complex people-services-productsservices-resources horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines synergies & flows of expertise low carbon approach requires a transversal approach share and compare data from: - land-use - mobility - energy - ICT - urban planning - governance SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 15. Social aspect of stations and station surroundings SPIN-UP: Station as a heterotopia semi-public space, accessible to all without exclusion but needs to be well managed SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 16. Heterotopia (place) Front Space USE As conceived by architect/designer Back Space RUSE Irritation/friction ABUSE Unacceptable SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 17. A home in the city: provide shelter and structure for homeless citizens during Winter and/or night time in cooperation between operator/authority and specific NGOs (Gare Solidaire) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 18. A portal to the city: communication and interaction create multiple life patterns in station in tune with multiple life patterns in city referring to specific activities, campaigns going on in station environment or in relation with specific destinations SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 19. A portal to the city: communication and interaction regular concertation and dialogue with other stakeholders in city give announcements on what's on in city provide space for citizens' activities, for schools (homework classes) increasing sense of ownership and informal support of citizens SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 20. A beacon in the city: Orientations, integration/segregation confirm safe and secure status of station provide warm and sufficient light in non-transport zones in and around station consider importance of mind mapping for specific user groups maintain the premises in a pristine state SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 21. A station as a common interest promote sense of ownership and communicate with 'we', 'our provide 'important' services for free (clean toilets and resting zones, tourist and city information) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 22. SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 1. Infrastructure: some examples land-use: stacked or stretched? acoustics: define height of ceilings in rail and non-rail zones temperature and air-condition: open or closed zones, natural or artificial air-conditioning? visibility proportion day-light vs artificial light? SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 23. Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: inside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Tokyo Central 35ha 3 583 Berlin Hauptbannhof 4,1ha 1800 Mumbai CST 36ha 615 Milano Centrale 10ha 600 Seoul Central 24ha 270 Paris Montparnasse 20ha 315 Delhi Central 45ha 290 Madrid Atocha 11,2ha 128 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 24. Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: outside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of Trains per day Shanghai* Hongqiao 22 ha 150 Beijing* South 94 ha 146 * Only high speed services SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 25. Efficient land-use Daily train passengers volume pressure on the yards space, comparison Asia and Europe ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of passengers per day location: inside the city core area Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Mumbai CST 36ha 3 800 000 Berlin Hauptbannhof 4,1ha 300 000 Tokyo Central 35ha 2 290 000 Milano Centrale 10ha 320 000 Delhi Central 45ha 380 000 Madrid Atocha 11,2ha 95 000 Seoul Central 24ha 125 000 Paris Montparnasse 20ha 175 000 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 26. Efficient land-use A comparison Efficient yard use for train operations, comparison Asia and Europe (fig from 2011) ranking: smallest yard, largest amount of trains location: outside the city nucleus area Station Yard Size Number of train passengers per day Beijing* South 94 ha 287 000 Shanghai* Hongqiao 22 ha 157 000 * Only high speed services SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 27. SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 1. Infrastructure: some examples visibility of the structure vs supplementary signage promote recognition and easy way-finding with minimal directional changes and angular deviation Fig. 3: isovist analysis of a station space to increase safe handling of increasing number of passengers decide on space distribution between rail, logistics and non-rail (retail, business, residential,...) operationsCarbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013 SPIN-UP for Low
  • 28. SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 2. Equipment considering the choices made under level 1. decide on additional lighting, air-conditioning, sound scaping, interior decoration, seating and other activities SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 29. SPIN-UP levels of intervention Level 3. Look & Feel day-to-day operations create multiple life patterns in station in tune with multiple life patterns in city campaigns, specific actions etc. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 30. Low carbon stations research SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 31. Where are we now? visited Colombo, Kandy and Matale in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka: population: surface: density: 20.277.587 inhabitants, in 2012 65.610km2 323/km2 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 32. Key objectives for Sri Lanka as agreed with World Bank doubling per capita income through sustained high investment shifting the structure of the economy; and ensuring inclusive growth, improvement in living standards, and social inclusion. In general Sri Lanka needs to focus on protected area, ozone-depleting substance consumption, safe drinking water, and basic sanitation, forest cover and CO2 emissions. SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 33. In our field research we have identified the following urgent needs: invest in renovation of rail system (electrification of network, invest in rolling stock and renovate stations) invest in inter-modality, in better physical connection between modal hubs invest in sustainable building materials capacity to recycle water capacity in waste segregation and waste regeneration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 34. The local assets tropical climate with abundant seasonal rain geography allows for hydro generation of electric power high literacy rate recent economic growth between 6,5 and 9% end of 30-year civil war in 2009 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 35. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Strenghts heritage architecture central position in the city walking distances to major central functions of the city (?) separate entrance for disabled and pregnant competent staff good objective and perceived security SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 36. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Weaknesses inefficient land-use state of infrastructure and facilities limited number of platforms (4) station becoming small for the peakvolume of passengers long walking distance to bus station SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 37. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Weaknesses limited number of services weak signage system waste is not segregated water is not recycled hazardous building materials (asbestos roof plates) SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 38. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Opportunities new master plan development of the station and station surroundings unused railway ground, potential for future development of quality space and non-rail activities economic growth and general attractiveness of the city and country SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 39. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Opportunities mixed use of space: rail, retail, office flow segregation (in & out) more seating capacity in station Retail ICT & seamless ticketing SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 40. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Threats growing car traffic around the station apparent lack of integrated transport planning unused space for improvement in the railway infrastructure SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 41. Fort Station Colombo SWOT analysis Threats apparent lack of structure in use of available space and land absence of water recycling absence of waste segregation SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 42. Food for Thought SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 43. Formalisation of informal transport. Why? pre-condition for fluid circulation lower CO2 emissions passenger safety need for coherent transport planning SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 44. Major assets of informal transport: employment social mobility for poor citizens accessible, affordable, flexible frequency and promptness no transfer needed (80% of passengers do not transfer on trip) speedy driving SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 45. Major drawbacks of informal transport: poor driver behavior lack of passenger safety lack of maintenance lack of reliability and predictability SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 46. Short term to be developed projects and actions by Yellow design Foundation in Colombo: spatial scenario / vision on possibilities for further densification the development of the Fort Station yard and station surrounding recommendations and guidelines to further promote low carbon character of multi-modal transport hub: energy, water and waste SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 47. Short term to be developed projects and actions by Yellow design Foundation in Colombo: integrated pedestrian accessibility study of the station surroundings study of the potential for landscape upgrading including project for public art and street profiles of the station surroundings SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 48. The Case of South Africa Some observations non-availability of another mode formal transport or rail is quasi inexistent during off-peak hours lack of intermodal integration lack of re-routing to adapt to evolving demand franchised bus companies meander to increase their catchment areas: prolonged travel time SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 49. The Case of South Africa Some observations Public Authorities in South Africa recognise: minibus taxis mean business and job opportunities to the poor SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 50. The Case of South Africa The essence of the plan: provide conditional financial and technical assistance to minibus taxis scrapping allowance collectivise through creation of operator's associations (registered, adopt a standard minimum constitution) financially transparent and accountable SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 51. The Case of South Africa The essence of the plan: code of conduct creation of 1 representative organization: reach common stance, facilitate consultation, associate industry to formalisation process impose labor standards facilitate intermodal integration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 52. The Case of South Africa The estimated effects: reduction of number of minibus taxis and better maintained minibus taxis scrapping allowance for those who want to leave the business collectivisation of drivers promote intermodal integration promote domestic automotive industry SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 53. The Case of South Africa Opportunities for franchised operators: predictable flow of revenue opportunity to lease minibusses from bank (risk mutualisation) higher driving safety SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 54. The Case of South Africa Opportunities for franchised operators: Finally: higher ticketing prices for the poor needs to be compensated by the Government but failure because of lack of operational integration SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013
  • 55. Thank you. Anne Leemans Yellow Design Foundation 2013 SPIN-UP for Low Carbon G旦tenborg, 06/12/2013