SO SNH TC D畛NG GI畛A LEVOBUPIVACAIN V BUPIVACAIN C K畉T H畛P V畛I FENTANYL TRONG GY T NGOI MNG C畛NG 畛 GI畉M AU 畉 QUA 働畛NG T畛 NHIN
Ph鱈 t畉i 20.000 Li棚n h畛 quangthuboss@gmail.com
SO SANH TAC DU味NG GIAM AU SAU M GI働A MORPHINE TINH M畉CH LI畛U 0,1MG/KG KHI KHI M V TR働C KHI ONG BU味NG TRONG PHU THU味T BU味NG TRN
Ph鱈 t畉i 20.000 Li棚n h畛 quangthuboss@gmail.com
NH GI TC D畛NG C畛A BI THU畛C SINH HA THANG TRONG I畛U TR畛 CC CH畛NG H畉U 畛 THAI PH畛 SAU N畉O PH THAI T畛 8 12 TU畉N
Ph鱈 t畉i 20.000 li棚n h畛 quangthuboss@gmail.com
NH GI TC D畛NG C畛A BI THU畛C SINH HA THANG TRONG I畛U TR畛 CC CH畛NG H畉U 畛 THAI PH畛 SAU N畉O PH THAI T畛 8 12 TU畉N
Ph鱈 t畉i 20.000 li棚n h畛 quangthuboss@gmail.com
NGHIN C畛U M畛T S畛 畉C I畛M T畉 BO MU NGO畉I VI V NG MU TRN B畛NH NHN S畛C NHI畛M KHU畉N 働畛C L畛C MU LIN T畛C
Ph鱈 t畉i ti li畛u 20.000 Li棚n h畛 quangthuboss@gmail.com
This document summarizes the training process for anesthesiologists in the United States. It outlines the educational requirements including undergraduate studies, medical school, residency training, and licensing exams. Residency training typically lasts 4 years and involves rotations in different specialties like pediatrics, cardiac, and neurosurgery. The training emphasizes patient safety, duty hour limits, and developing skills in perioperative care, acute and chronic pain management, and crisis situations. Overall, the training produces physicians skilled in integrated medical management and efficient, cost-effective surgical care for patients.
This document summarizes changes to general anesthesia techniques for Caesarean sections over recent decades. It discusses replacing the old "thiopentone-suxamethonium" rapid sequence induction with newer options like ketamine-propofol or rocuronium paired with sugammadex reversal. Modifications have been made to pre-oxygenation, induction agents, neuromuscular blockade, inhalational agents, adjuncts, and emphasis on meticulous timing. The "Gatt Rule of 100s" proposes a standardized induction sequence with rocuronium reversal by sugammadex within 100 seconds of delivery. Overall, it examines how the traditional general anesthesia Caesarean section technique evolved due to
This document discusses diabetes and pregnancy, focusing on gestational diabetes (GDM). It provides information on:
1) The pathophysiology and risk factors of GDM, noting that it is characterized by increased insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion as pregnancy progresses.
2) Findings from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study that showed associations between higher maternal glucose levels and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
3) International recommendations and criteria for screening and diagnosing GDM, which vary between organizations like ADA, IADPSG, and WHO. Regular screening is recommended between 24-28 weeks gestation.
This document discusses peripartum seizures and provides several case studies. It outlines an algorithmic approach for evaluating and managing peripartum seizures. Causes can include preeclampsia, eclampsia, epilepsy, or other neurological conditions. Initial treatment involves magnesium sulfate, controlling blood pressure and monitoring. Atypical presentations require further investigation like imaging to rule out conditions like cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. MRI is generally preferred over CT for imaging during pregnancy due to risks of radiation and better detection of conditions like posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Management after delivery includes continued magnesium sulfate, antihypertensives, anticonvulsants and thromboprophylaxis as needed.
This document discusses anesthesia considerations for obstetric hemorrhage. It provides statistics on causes of maternal mortality, including that obstetric hemorrhage accounts for 67.4% of maternal deaths in Vietnam. Common causes of obstetric hemorrhage are uterine atony, retained placenta, abnormal placentation. Risk factors include previous cesarean sections, placenta previa, and placenta accreta. Treatment involves medical uterotonics, blood transfusion, and in severe cases, hysterectomy. Anesthesia management includes anticipating blood loss and having blood products available.
This document discusses the management of high risk parturients, or pregnant women with medical complications or risk factors. It defines high risk parturients and outlines common medical conditions and obstetric risks that classify women as high risk. The document discusses strategies for assessing risk, creating individualized obstetric and anesthesia plans, and ensuring appropriate care for high risk women during labor, delivery and emergencies. It emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach, systems to facilitate safe handovers of care, and the need for regional high risk obstetric databases and audits to continually improve care for this patient population.
The document discusses regional anesthesia techniques for caesarean section. It recommends using hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl for spinal anesthesia. It suggests crystalloid cohydration for intravenous fluids and using phenylephrine instead of ephedrine as the vasopressor. The document also recommends combined spinal-epidural anesthesia to reduce spinal doses and improve hemodynamic stability. It provides guidance on epidural top-ups or converting to spinal anesthesia if the epidural fails. The key points emphasize optimal drug choices, fluid management, hemodynamic control and contingency plans for regional anesthesia during caesarean sections.
A 34-year-old Vietnamese woman presented with pulmonary thromboembolism following a cesarean delivery. She experienced cardiac arrest and was resuscitated, but later died from a pulmonary embolism. Pregnancy increases the risks of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism due to venous stasis, a hypercoagulable state, and vascular injury during delivery. Cesarean delivery further increases these risks compared to vaginal birth. While low molecular weight heparin can effectively prevent and treat thrombosis, early recognition and treatment are needed to reduce the high mortality rates associated with pulmonary embolism during pregnancy.
This document discusses maternal mortality and complications related to obstetric anesthesia. It summarizes that a study of over 257,000 births found serious anesthesia complications in 85 patients (1 in 3,000), with high neuraxial block, respiratory arrest, and unrecognized spinal catheter being the most common. It also provides background information on maternal mortality rates in the Philippines.
Ropivacaine is a new local anesthetic with less cardiovascular and neurological toxicity compared to bupivacaine. This study evaluated the effectiveness of spinal anesthesia using 14 mg of ropivacaine with 30 亮g of fentanyl for total abdominal hysterectomies. Results showed that ropivacaine provided effective sensory blockade and muscle relaxation for surgery. Side effects like hypotension and nausea were mild and managed easily. Ropivacaine is concluded to be suitable for short gynecological surgeries allowing for early patient recovery and mobilization.
30. THEO TRUNG TM DI V ADR
D畛ch truy畛n ch畛a hydroxyethyl starch (HES) lm tng nguy c董 t畛
vong v nguy c董 t畛n th動董ng th畉n nghi棚m tr畛ng tr棚n b畛nh nh但n
n畉ng
Nh畛ng d畛 li畛u hi畛n c坦 cho th畉y b畛nh nh但n n畉ng s畛 d畛ng d畛ch
truy畛n HES c坦 nguy c董 t畛n th動董ng th畉n c畉n th畉m t叩ch m叩u v
nguy c董 t畛 vong cao h董n so v畛i c叩c d畛ch truy畛n tinh th畛.
. Ngy 28/06/2013, C董 qu畉n Qu畉n l箪 D動畛c
ph畉m v Sinh ph畉m y t畉 Ph叩p (ANSM) c滴ng
c畉p nh畉t th担ng tin v畛 nguy c董 c畛a c叩c ch畉
ph畉m d畛ch truy畛n HES v quy畉t 畛nh hi畛n
th畛i c畛a c叩c c董 quan qu畉n l箪 D動畛c ph畉m
tr棚n th畉 gi畛i. ANSM v畉n ang ti畉p t畛c ph畛i h畛p c湛ng EMA v
m畛t s畛 c董 quan qu畉n l箪 d動畛c ph畉m c叩c n動畛c Ch但u u kh叩c 叩nh gi叩
畛 an ton c畛a c叩c ch畉 ph畉m HES 畛 動a ra k畉t lu畉n cu畛i c湛ng.
Tr動畛c khi c坦 k畉t qu畉 叩nh gi叩, ANSM khuy畉n c叩o c叩n b畛 y t畉 c但n
nh畉c nh畛ng nguy c董 c畛a c叩c ch畉 ph畉m d畛ch truy畛n HES v kh担ng ch畛
31. Ngy 14/06/2013, trong th担ng c叩o b叩o ch鱈
c畛a C董 quan Qu畉n l箪 D動畛c ph畉m Ch但u
u (EMA), 畛y ban 叩nh gi叩 Nguy c董
C畉nh gi叩c d動畛c (PRAC) thu畛c EMA
khuy畉n c叩o ng畛ng c畉p ph辿p l動u hnh c叩c
d畛ch truy畛n ch畛a HES. Quy畉t 畛nh ny
動畛c PRAC 動a ra sau khi xem x辿t 畛 an
ton c畛a c叩c ch畉 ph畉m ny theo i畛u 31
c畛a Ch畛 th畛 2001/83/EC
32. ngy 24/06/2013, sau khi hon thnh vi畛c
ph但n t鱈ch c叩c d畛 li畛u nghi棚n c畛u hi畛n c坦,
C董 quan Qu畉n l箪 D動畛c ph畉m v Th畛c
ph畉m Hoa K畛 (FDA) c滴ng c畉nh b叩o v畛
nguy c董 t畛 vong v nguy c董 t畛n th動董ng
th畉n nghi棚m tr畛ng c坦 li棚n quan 畉n d畛ch
truy畛n HES li棚n quan 畉n c叩c ch畉 ph畉m
ny, 畉c bi畛t tr棚n b畛nh nh但n ph畉u thu畉t
tim h畛 c畉n 畉t c畉u n畛i tim ph畛i. C董 quan
qu畉n l箪 ny y棚u c畉u b畛 sung c叩c th担ng tin
c畉nh b叩o tr棚n vo m畛cC畉nh b叩o v Th畉n
tr畛ng trong t畛 th担ng tin s畉n ph畉m.
33. Ngy 27/06/2013, C董 quan Qu畉n l箪 D動畛c ph畉m v S畉n
ph畉m y t畉 Anh (MHRA) th担ng b叩o thu h畛i c叩c ch畉 ph畉m
d畛ch truy畛n HES c畛a hai c担ng ty B. Braun Melsungen
AG v Fresenius Kabi Limited trong v嘆ng 48 gi畛. K畉t
qu畉 c畛a m畛t s畛 nghi棚n c畛u cho th畉y c叩c ch畉 ph畉m d畛ch
truy畛n HES lm tng nguy c董 suy th畉n nghi棚m tr畛ng v
t畛 vong tr棚n b畛nh nh但n n畉ng ho畉c b畛nh nh但n nhi畛m
tr湛ng huy畉t. Theo 坦, 畛y ban D動畛c ph畉m dnh cho
ng動畛i c畛a Anh (CHM) k畉t lu畉n hi畛u qu畉 c畛a c叩c ch畉
ph畉m ch畛a HES kh担ng c嘆n v動畛t tr畛i so v畛i nguy c董.
Sau khi c叩c d畛ch truy畛n HES b畛 thu h畛i t畉i Anh, c叩c ch畉
ph畉m thay th畉 s畉 動畛c l畛a ch畛n d畛a theo c叩c h動畛ng
d畉n i畛u tr畛.
34. Khuy畉n c叩o c叩n b畛 y t畉: Trung t但m DI & ADR Qu畛c gia
khuy畉n c叩o ngy 18/06/2013 v ngy 21/06/2013
Kh担ng s畛 d畛ng d畛ch truy畛n ch畛a HES tr棚n b畛nh nh但n n畉ng nh動
nhi畛m tr湛ng huy畉t ho畉c b畛nh nh但n i畛u tr畛 t畉i c叩c khoa i畛u tr畛 t鱈ch
c畛c do lm tng nguy c董 t畛 vong v nguy c董 t畛n th動董ng th畉n
nghi棚m tr畛ng.
Ng畛ng s畛 d畛ng ngay c叩c ch畉 ph畉m ny khi b畛nh nh但n c坦 d畉u
hi畛u t畛n th動董ng th畉n bao g畛m:
T畉n su畉t i ti畛u b畉t th動畛ng, thay 畛i l動畛ng n動畛c ti畛u ho畉c mu n動畛c
ti畛u
N動畛c ti畛u c坦 m叩u.
i ti畛u kh坦 khn
Ph湛 bn ch但n, m畉t c叩 ch但n, c畉ng ch但n, tay ho畉c m畉t.
M畛t m畛i b畉t th動畛ng
Bu畛n n担n v n担n
Kh坦 th畛.