Data Organization - R.D.Sivakumar
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This document contains contact information for R.D. SIVAKUMAR, an Assistant Professor of Computer Science. It also provides a brief 3 sentence summary on data organization. Data can be stored in thousands of files on a computer but finding a specific file is difficult. This problem can be overcome by using folders, which are collections of files and subfolders that allow for easier organization of data into separate departments just like in an organization with finance, supplies, and purchase departments. Folders provide the easiest way to maintain organized data.
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often fail to capture semantic relationships, hierarchical structures, and contextual dependencies,
limiting their effectiveness in structured data retrieval. This thesis explores AI-driven structured
knowledge extraction using Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4o and Gemini
2.0 Flash, to generate XML-based knowledge graphs from unstructured PDFs.
The proposed methodology consists of a multi-stage AI pipeline that integrates text extraction,
structured representation, confidence-aware entity extraction, and question-answering (QA) capabilities:
Text Extraction and Preprocessing: A layout-aware text extraction using pdfplumber accurately
retrieves textual content from multi-column, tabular, and graphically embedded
PDFs. The system ensures context preservation, structural consistency, and efficient handling
of complex document formats.
Structured Knowledge Graph Generation: Extracted text is processed using GPT-4o and
Gemini 2.0 Flash to transform unstructured content into hierarchically structured XML
representations, ensuring that extracted information is machine-readable and semantically
rich.
Confidence-Based Entity Extraction: Gemini 2.0 Flash introduces a confidence-aware extraction
framework, where each extracted attribute is assigned a confidence score (0.01.0),
allowing for uncertainty estimation, ranking of high-confidence attributes, and filtering of
unreliable extractions.
Question-Answering (QA) over Structured Data: The thesis implements QA systems: (i)
Rule-Based Querying which directly maps structured queries to XML elements for fast
and precise information retrieval, and (ii) AI-Powered Semantic QA using GPT-4o and
Gemini 2.0 Flash which interpret natural language queries, by extracting relevant information
dynamically from structured knowledge graphs.
Performance Benchmarking and Evaluation: The structured extraction and QA models
are evaluated using: (i) precision, recall, and F1-score to assess extraction accuracy, (ii)
processing time and scalability to measure computational efficiency, (iii) schema compliance
to ensure adherence to predefined XML structures, and (iv) confidence-score reliability
to validate uncertainty estimation in entity extraction.Clark_Carol_A_RetailStoreScavengerHunt.pptx
Clark_Carol_A_RetailStoreScavengerHunt.pptxcamakaiclarkmusic
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RetailStoreScavengerHunt - Record City Las Vegas, NVEuropean challenges through ancient lens: revisiting the 'decline' of the Wes...
European challenges through ancient lens: revisiting the 'decline' of the Wes...Javier Andreu
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Material de apoyo a la conferencia dictada, en la Universidad de Columbia, el 10 de abril de 2025, por el Prof. Dr. D. Javier Andreu Pintado, en el marco de las actividades organizadas por la University of Columbia European Student Association.
Aviso de la conferencia en la secci坦n de eventos de la Universidad de Columbia: https://sipa.campusgroups.com/ceusa/rsvp_boot?id=1928478Administration of medication.Medication administration: the direct applicatio...
Administration of medication.Medication administration: the direct applicatio...DR .PALLAVI PATHANIA
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Medication administration: the direct application of a prescribed medicationwhether by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or other meansto the body of the individual by an individual legally authorized to do so.Cinema Quiz By QURU RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pdf
Cinema Quiz By QURU RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pdfQURU, RAM LAL ANAND COLLEGE.
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This contains the answers & questions of the cinema quiz conducted by QURU RLAC under Quru-Kshetra 2025.GENERAL QUIZ FINALS | QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCAS | 5 AUGUST 2025
GENERAL QUIZ FINALS | QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCAS | 5 AUGUST 2025Quiz Club of PSG College of Arts & Science
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THE QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCAS brings to you a carefully curated general quiz finals quiz set.
Spanning from science, memes, culture, history and technology.
Fasten your seatbelts for a thrill ride.
QUIZMASTER: GOWTHAM S, BCom (2022-25), THE QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCASantagonist ppt Dr.N.jayakumar.,B.pharm.,pharmD
antagonist ppt Dr.N.jayakumar.,B.pharm.,pharmDJayaKumar470858
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This antagonist ppt is very useful to easy understanding way for all medical nursing pharmacy and other para medical students Developing Robust Eligibility Criteria and an Efficient Study - Dr Leonard Uz...
Developing Robust Eligibility Criteria and an Efficient Study - Dr Leonard Uz...Systematic Reviews Network (SRN)
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Focus and Relevance: Well-defined criteria ensure the review answers the specific research question and includes only relevant studies.
Minimizing Bias: Clear criteria reduce the risk of selection bias (systematic differences between included and excluded studies).
Validity and Reliability: Including only appropriate studies strengthens the internal and external validity of the review's findings.
Reproducibility: Explicit criteria allow others to replicate the review process.
Efficiency: Clear criteria streamline the screening and selection process, saving time and resources.
Langman's Medical Embryology 14th Ed.pdf
Langman's Medical Embryology 14th Ed.pdfKalluKullu
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embryology for medical students,E verystudentwillbeaffectedbypregnancy,eithertheirmothers,
because what happens in the womb does not necessarily stay in
the womb, or by someone elses. As health care professionals, you will often
encounter women of childbearing age who may be pregnant, or you may
have children of your own, or maybe it is a friend who is pregnant. In any
case, pregnancy and childbirth are relevant to all of us, and unfortunately,
these processes often culminate in negative outcomes. For example, 50% of
all embryos are spontaneously aborted. Furthermore, prematurity and birth
defects are the leading causes of infant mortality and major contributors to
disabilities. Fortunately, new strategies can improve pregnancy outcomes,
and health care professionals have a major role to play in implementing
these initiatives. However, a basic knowledge of embryology is essential to
the success of these strategies, and with this knowledge, every health care
professional can play a role in providing healthier babies.Clinical Correlates: In addition to describing normal events, each
chapter contains clinical correlates that appear in highlighted boxes. This
material is designed to demonstrate the clinical relevance of embryology
and the importance of understanding key developmental events as a first
step to improving birth outcomes and having healthier babies. Clinical
pictures and case descriptions are used to provide this information, and
this material has been increased and updated in this edition.
Genetics: Because of the increasingly important role of genetics and
molecular biology in embryology and the study of birth defects, basic
genetic and molecular principles are discussed. llqe first chapter provides
an introduction to molecular processes, defines terms commonly used
in genetics and molecular biology, and describes key pathways used
Administration of medication.Medication administration: the direct applicatio...
Administration of medication.Medication administration: the direct applicatio...DR .PALLAVI PATHANIA
油
GENERAL QUIZ FINALS | QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCAS | 5 AUGUST 2025
GENERAL QUIZ FINALS | QUIZ CLUB OF PSGCAS | 5 AUGUST 2025Quiz Club of PSG College of Arts & Science
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Developing Robust Eligibility Criteria and an Efficient Study - Dr Leonard Uz...
Developing Robust Eligibility Criteria and an Efficient Study - Dr Leonard Uz...Systematic Reviews Network (SRN)
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Data Organization - R.D.Sivakumar
- 1. R.D.SIVAKUMAR, M.Sc.,M.Phil.,M.Tech., Assistant Professor of Computer Science & Assistant Professor and Head, Department of M.Com.(CA), Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi 626 124. Mobile: 099440-42243 e-mail : sivamsccsit@gmail.com website: www.rdsivakumar.blogspot.in DATA ORGANIZATION
- 2. In computer, we can store thousands offiles. But finding the file is verydifficult. This problemcan be overcome by using of Folders. Afolder isa collection offiles andsubfolders. In organization, maintain the data in separate departments like finance, supplies, purchase etc., so create a separate folders foreach departments can be easiest way tomaintaining data. DATA ORGANIZATION
- 3. Thankyou..!!