Group 1 discussed institutional issues, cooperation, and shared benefits related to transboundary water resources in Africa and China. Key areas identified for further research and development include: 1) exploring benefit sharing mechanisms for closed river basins; 2) conducting capacity assessments and identifying skills needed to establish effective River Basin Organizations; and 3) performing comparative studies of cooperation between countries sharing river basins in Africa and China. Suggestions were also made for topics related to the water-food-energy nexus. Collaborative research institutions proposed include universities, River Basin Organizations, bilateral organizations, and national/international research institutions.