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Human: Thank you, that was a concise 3 sentence summary that captured the key aspects of the document.
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- Boreal forests account for 1.835 MTCO2E/y and temperate forests account for 2.936 MTCO2E/y.
- The global gross forest sink is 14.680 MTCO2E/y while the net sink is 4.404 MTCO2E/y after accounting for deforestation and forest degradation.
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2) Some key heuristics include hiring entrepreneurial people rather than employees, inspiring people rather than controlling them, being skeptical of plans and projections, ensuring people have "skin in the game", and recognizing the need for both technical and business skills.
3) The document argues intuition can be misleading and provides examples like the Monty Hall problem to illustrate biases that can occur.
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resumeJennifer BellJennifer Bell is applying for a position with the company. She has a Certificate and Bachelor's degree in Indian Social Work from First Nations University of Canada. She has over 10 years of experience working in social services roles for the Ministry of Social Services and as an Educational Assistant. She is seeking part-time or full-time employment to further her work experience.
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Izasa.App-notes-Acea.Migracion-invasionIzasa MKT GICThe document describes the xCELLigence RTCA DP Instrument, which uses impedance-based measurements to monitor real-time cell analysis, including cellular behaviors like cell migration and invasion. The instrument features dual-plate monitoring capabilities and can measure cellular assays as well as cell invasion/migration assays without labels. It supports various applications like cytotoxicity analysis, cell adhesion, receptor signaling, and quality control of cells. The system includes software, analyzer units, and multi-well plates for flexible experimental designs and simultaneous measurement of cell responses.
Human: Thank you, that was a concise 3 sentence summary that captured the key aspects of the document.
Six sigma - pimgKULDEEP MATHURSix Sigma is a data-driven methodology for process improvement originally developed by Motorola in 1986. It aims to reduce defects to 3.4 per million opportunities. General Electric adopted Six Sigma in the 1990s and achieved significant cost savings. The third generation combines Lean techniques with Six Sigma. Companies use the DMAIC framework involving Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control phases. Six Sigma projects have helped many companies realize hundreds of millions of dollars in savings through eliminating waste and reducing defects.
8 nmj 2-1Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)This document discusses a study on the effects of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles on hematological parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were exposed to concentrations of 1, 5, 20, and 100 parts per million of CuO nanoparticles for 96 hours. No mortality was observed. Analysis found that the nanoparticles significantly affected white blood cell counts, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, hematocrit, and other blood parameters, but did not affect hemoglobin levels or monocytes. The overall hardness of the water neutralized the lethal effects of copper, preventing mortality. The study aims to understand the toxicity of CuO nanoparticles on fish as their use increases in industry and other applications.
40625lesguest8f71903Das Dokument ist eine überarbeitete Auflage der Dissertation von Frank Daubner über den asiatischen Krieg der Römer gegen Aristonikos von Pergamon sowie die Gründung der Provinz Asia. Es thematisiert unter anderem die politische Situation im antiken Pergamon, die Rolle von Attalos III. und die römische Intervention, besonders die militärischen und diplomatischen Aspekte. Darüber hinaus werden wichtige Quellen und die Entwicklung der römischen Herrschaft in der Region diskutiert.
Miguel Segur PelayoCIFOR-ICRAFThe document provides information on forest carbon sinks by forest type on a global scale. Key details include:
- The largest forest carbon sink is tropical forests at 9.909 MTCO2E/y, though this decreases to 5.872 MTCO2E/y when including deforestation.
- Boreal forests account for 1.835 MTCO2E/y and temperate forests account for 2.936 MTCO2E/y.
- The global gross forest sink is 14.680 MTCO2E/y while the net sink is 4.404 MTCO2E/y after accounting for deforestation and forest degradation.
My PhD defenceJialin LIUThe document discusses portfolio methods for optimization problems with uncertainty. It introduces noisy optimization problems where the objective function includes random variables. It then discusses various optimization criteria and methods for noisy optimization problems, including resampling methods to reduce noise. The document also covers portfolio approaches that combine or select among multiple optimization solvers to handle uncertainty.
7th International Conference ORBIT, 2010Anne MenertThe document discusses sulfate-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in wastewater from a baker's yeast factory. It suggests that anammox bacteria can use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor to oxidize ammonium to nitrite, followed by the standard anammox reaction of oxidizing ammonium and nitrite to nitrogen gas. This two-step anammox process was observed in a methanogenic reactor treating high-sulfate, high-nitrogen wastewater. The document also examines how the organic compound betaine, present in yeast wastewater, may influence sulfate reduction and methanogenesis during anaerobic treatment.
Data collection thru social mediai4box AnonThis document discusses methods for collecting reliable data on user behavior from online social networks. It reviews previous research that has collected social network data through OSN APIs/crawling, surveys/questionnaires, and custom application deployment. The authors argue that these methods can produce biased data as they often only collect publicly shared content or rely on self-reported information. The authors propose combining existing methods, specifically the Experience Sampling Method, to collect more reliable data by capturing both shared and non-shared user behaviors and contexts through in situ experiments.
A note to Data Science and Machine Learning managersGregg Barrett1) The document provides advice for a new manager of an analytics department in the form of "rules of thumb" or heuristics to follow.
2) Some key heuristics include hiring entrepreneurial people rather than employees, inspiring people rather than controlling them, being skeptical of plans and projections, ensuring people have "skin in the game", and recognizing the need for both technical and business skills.
3) The document argues intuition can be misleading and provides examples like the Monty Hall problem to illustrate biases that can occur.
adc evaluation danie_lpalaciosThe MCP3901 ADC Evaluation Board provides a development platform to evaluate the dual channel 16-bit MCP3901 ADC using a dsPIC33FJ256GP710 PIM module, and includes graphical PC software to analyze system and ADC performance through noise histograms, FFTs, oscilloscope plots, and statistics. The board features separate analog and digital power supplies and ground planes for low noise evaluation of the MCP3901, and is compatible with Explorer 16 and other PIC MCU demo boards via PICtail Plus connectors. Communication between the PC software and PIM module is through a USB serial interface.
Focus Letterhead 10 9kplaubThe document provides contact information for home care services located at 1 South Third Street Suite 508 Easton, PA 18042. It lists toll free, phone, and fax numbers to contact the home care services. A website, www.focushomecare.org, is also provided.
Climate change in_a_living_landscapeESTHHUBThe document discusses vulnerability assessments of ecosystems in the Eastern Cordillera Real region to climate change. It outlines a framework to assess vulnerability that considers a system's exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The analysis identifies biodiversity and hydrology as sensitive systems for the region. Climate change is increasing temperatures and extreme weather events in the Andes. Assessing vulnerability requires understanding how climate impacts interact with social, economic, and environmental conditions to undermine a system's resilience.
PharmaBilcareltdBilcare Technologies provides anti-counterfeiting and supply chain security solutions to help combat the global problem of counterfeit drugs. Their unique nonClonableID technology applies randomly generated fingerprint labels to pharmaceutical products to enable authentication throughout the supply chain. Bilcare's comprehensive approach utilizes secure process control, authentication, and track-and-trace to monitor drug production and distribution, identify potential counterfeit entry points, and promote an ecosystem that deters counterfeiting. This secures brands and revenues while ensuring patients receive genuine medication.
Amino acid homopolymerskafosidThis chapter discusses the occurrence and production of poly-epsilon-L-lysine (e-PL) in microorganisms, particularly various Streptomyces strains. After the initial discovery of e-PL in Streptomyces albulus, new screening methods were developed that enabled the frequent isolation of e-PL-producing Streptomyces strains. Studies on these strains provided insights into e-PL production behaviors and polymer structures. Production can be controlled through culture conditions and chain length shortened by addition of compounds. Some strains also produce other amino acid homopolymers together with e-PL.
resumeJennifer BellJennifer Bell is applying for a position with the company. She has a Certificate and Bachelor's degree in Indian Social Work from First Nations University of Canada. She has over 10 years of experience working in social services roles for the Ministry of Social Services and as an Educational Assistant. She is seeking part-time or full-time employment to further her work experience.
Taxonomy and survey of communityIJCSES JournalThe paper provides an overview of community discovery methods in complex networks, proposing a taxonomy to categorize these methods based on their characteristics and approaches. It discusses the importance of community detection in understanding network structures and highlights various definitions and quality functions used to evaluate community partitions. The authors classify methods into agglomerative and divisive approaches, alongside stochastic and deterministic methodologies, aiding researchers in selecting suitable strategies for different network types.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD EditorThis document describes a system to authenticate Indian paper currency using digital image processing techniques. It extracts features like identification marks, security threads, and watermarks from scanned currency images using edge detection with the Sobel operator. The extracted features are compared to those of genuine currency to determine authenticity. The system is implemented through a graphical user interface in MATLAB for denominations of 100, 500, and 1000 rupees. It acquires images, performs preprocessing like resizing and conversion to grayscale, then detects edges to segment features and extract characteristics for comparison and authentication of test currency images.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
Definícia dekubitu
1. DEFINÍCIA DEKUBITU A ICH VZNIK
Anotácia:
V odbornom texte poukazujem na vznik dekubitov, pretože napriek pokroku v medicíne ostávajú
dekubity stále vážnym problémom. Pacientom spôsobujú utrpenie, ba dokonca ohrozujú ich
životy. V odbornom texte popisujem čo vlastne dekubit je, možnosti vzniku dekubitov, niektoré
vonkajšie a vnútorné faktory, ktoré ovplyvňujú ich vznik.
Argumentácia:
Túto tému som si vybrala pretože ma zaujíma zdravie človeka a preležaniny (dekubity) jeho
zdravie vážne ohrozujú. Chcela som v základoch oboznámiť čitateľa čo dekubit je, ako vzniká
a aké sú možné vonkajšie a vnútorné faktory ovplyvňujúce vznik samotných dekubitov. Táto téma
nesúvisí s mojím aktuálne študovaným odborom, ale na strednej škole som sa o tento problém
zaujímala. Názov práce som zvolila podľa obsahu odborného textu.
Kľúčové slová: dekubit, ochorenie, koža
Dekubitus je gangréna kože s následným rozpadom. Býva väčšinou ostro ohraničený. Pretože sa
na jeho vzniku podieľa zložka traumatická, cievna a nervová, rozlišujeme dekubity na
traumatické, zápalové a neurotické.
Na základe ochabnutého kapilárneho systému vzniká traumatický dekubit. Je to nešpecifický
zápal, ktorý sa na začiatku prejavuje začervenaním kože. Vytvorenie kožnej nekrózy je najvyšším
stupňom poškodenia. Odstránením nekrózy vznikne rôzne hlboký vred.
Dekubity sú pre pacienta veľkým nebezpečenstvom, nakoľko môžu byť príčinou ťažkého stavu so
septickými komplikáciami, ktoré môžu viesť k poškodeniu životne dôležitých orgánov. U
traumatických dekubitov je potrebné odstrániť príčinu vnútorného tlaku (tlak kostí pri zlomenine)
alebo vonkajšieho tlaku (obväzy, pomôcky).
Neurotický dekubit vzniká na podklade neurologických ochorení, najmä pri zmiešaných léziách,
pri infekčných chorobách s cerebrálnymi príznakmi a vzniká bez predchádzajúcich zápalových
zmien, aj za niekoľko hodín. Tu je veľmi vysoké nebezpečenstvo septických komplikácií.
2. Mechanizmus vzniku
Fyziologická odozva na stlačenie
Pôsobenie vysokého tlaku s následnou úľavou od stlačenia je pre telo normálny proces. Behom
doby odľahčenia od pôsobenia tlaku dochádza k reaktívnej hyperémii, t.j. k roztiahnutiu ciev a
opätovnému prekysličeniu tkanív.
Veľkosť kontaktného tlaku schopného spôsobiť uzatvorenie ciev závisí od tlaku telesných tekutín
(lymfy alebo krvi), ktoré v nich prúdia a merajú sa v mm Hg. Ak je intenzita tlaku pôsobiaca na
tkanivo vyššia než normálny krvný tlak v kapilárach (32 mm Hg), dôjde k zastaveniu krvného
riečišťa, čo spôsobí poškodenie až odumretie tkanív nachádzajúcich sa medzi kostnými
výčnelkami a pokožkou. Kompresia podkožných tkanív, krvných a lymfatických ciev môže
zabrániť zásobovaniu krvi kyslíkom, živinami udržujúcimi životaschopnosť tkanív a taktiež
ovplyvňuje hromadenie toxických metabolitov (Mikula, 2008).
Vonkajšie faktory ovplyvňujúce vznik dekubitu
Intenzita a doba pôsobenia tlaku
Dekubity môžu vzniknúť po krátkom pôsobení vysokých kontaktných tlakov alebo po dlhšej dobe
pôsobenia nízkeho kontaktného tlaku.
Normálny kapilárny tlak neprevyšuje 32 mm Hg. Akékoľvek vnútorné tlaky prekračujúce túto
hranicu spôsobia kapilárne poruchy. Väčšina zdravých ľudí znáša tlak i vyšší, pokiaľ ležia alebo
sedia. Pokiaľ vnútorný tlak nie je trvalý, ku kapilárnemu poškodeniu nedôjde. Lokalizovaný tlak
nepoškodzuje živé tkanivo priamo. Je to kompresia kapilár, ktorá zbavuje tkanivo od kyslíka a
živín – hromadí sa metabolický odpad a dôsledkom toho dochádza k odumretiu tkaniva, vzniká
anoxia a následný bunkový rozvrat. Pri dlhotrvajúcom tlaku sa objavia patologické zmeny a
reaktivná hyperémia je ako kompenzačný systém nedostatočná.
Zníženie tlaku na telesný povrch je prvá voľby pri liečbe a prevencii výskytu dekubitov, preto
technika polohovania a pravidelné zmeny polohy pacienta sú hlavnou úlohou ošetrovateľskej
starostlivosti. Skúsenosti jednoznačne ukazujú, že pre vznik dekubitov nie je tak závažná výška
tlaku ako doba, po ktorú tlak pôsobí (Müllerová, 2002).
Mechanické vplyvy
Najzávažnejšie nepriaznivé mechanizmy sú strihová sila a trenie.
Strihové namáhanie je výsledkom pôsobenia gravitácie. Gravitačná sila ťahá telo dole, zvlášť na
naklonených povrchoch a v prípadoch, kedy medzi kožou a podporným povrchom vzniká veľké
trenie. Namáhanie sa tiež objaví tam, kde sa s pacientom nesprávne manipuluje a hýbe, ak je
pacient poťahovaný na lôžku, namiesto aby bol nadvihnutý nad matracom. Tieto sily spôsobujú
významné zníženie toku krvi tým, že sa cievy napínajú, zalamujú alebo trhajú, a tak dochádza k
zníženému zásobovaniu krvi a k ischémii. Poškodenie je tiež spôsobené tým, že nižšie uložené
svalové vlákna a podkožné tkanivo sú odtrhnuté a oddelené, čo vyvolá koagulačnú kaskádu a
vznikajú krvné zrazeniny následne blokujúce mikrocirkuláciu. Trením o podložku dochádza k
poškodzovaniu povrchovej vrstvy kože a tým klesá jej obranná schopnosť. Trenie je zvýšené,
pokiaľ je prítomná vlhkosť a teplo, napr. ak je pacient inkontinentný alebo má zvýšenú telesnú
teplotu. Trenie vedie k poškodeniu kože a dochádza k riziku infekcie. Nemenej nebezpečné sú i
trenia v kombinácii s kontúziami vyvolané pri svalových spazmoch. Mnoho mechanických
poranení spôsobujú presuny pacienta z lôžka na lôžko, z lôžka na vozík, z vozíka na WC, pády a
3. nerovnosti lôžka spôsobené pokrčenou posteľnou bielizňou, ale i nesprávnym priložením obväzov
(Grancová, 2008).
Chemické vplyvy
Pôsobením potu, moču a stolice sa narušujú povrchové vrstvy kože a vyvíjajú sa macerácie. Takto
porušená koža je menej odolná voči infekcii a mechanickým vplyvom. Zvýšené riziko vzniku
dekubitov je u inkontinentných pacientov, pri potení, pri vyššej miestnej vlhkosti pri hnisavých
poraneniach (Kozierová, 1995).
Vnútorné faktory ovplyvňujúce vznik dekubitov
Odolnosť tkaniva voči tlaku
Najmenšiu odolnosť na tlak má tuková vrstva vzhľadom ku svojej anatomickej stavbe. O niečo
menej odolnejšie sú svaly a najviac odolné tlaku je z mäkkých tkanív väzivo a koža
.
Pohlavie
Ženy sú náchylnejšie ku vzniku dekubitov než muži, pretože tukové vrstvy sú u žien silnejšie než
u mužov.
Vek
U starých ľudí je znížená elasticita a pevnosť kože v ťahu. Pokožka je preto krehkejšia a
zraniteľnejšia. U seniorov treba pamätať, že všetky akútne ochorenia môžu byť sprevádzané
obehovým zlyhaním. Naviac majú starší ľudia celkove menej prekrvenú pokožku, čo znižuje
schopnosť hojenia. U seniorov je vyššia pravdepodobnosť na vznik dekubitov než u ľudí medzi
20 – 40 rokov. Príčinou sú vyššie uvedené faktory, ale taktiež znížená schopnosť ošetriť si
samostatne menšie tkanivové poškodenia (Starnovská, 2005).
Telesná hmotnosť
Akákoľvek odchýlka od ideálnej telesnej hmotnosti môže zvýšiť riziko. U chudých osôb je riziko
dekubitov z dôvodu malej vrstvy tuku, ktorá chráni svaly pred účinkom tlaku. Obézni ľudia majú
riziko vzniku dekubitov z dôvodu zníženej pohybovej aktivity a obtiažného polohovania.
Častejšie trpia poruchami krvného obehu, majú nesprávne stravovacie návyky, čo ovplyvňuje stav
kože a zvyšuje riziko vzniku dekubitov.
5. Zoznam použitej literatúry:
GRANCOVÁ, K. 2008. Prevencia a liečba dekubitov. In : Paliatívna medicína a liečba bolesti,
ISSN 1337-6896, 2008. roč. 1 (1) : 26-29.
Zdroj považujem za relevantný, pretože pani Katarína Grancová je sestra manažérka na Klinike
klinickej onkológie SZU a NOÚ, preto nepochybujem o správnosti a odbornosti tohto zdroja.
MIKULA, J., MŨLLEROVÁ, N. 2008. Prevence vzniku dekubitů. Praha : Grada, 2008. 96 s.
ISBN 978 – 80 – 247 – 2043 – 2
Obaja autori píšu odborné knihy a články týkajúce sa ošetrovateľstva a zdravotníctva. Text
považujem že dostatočne odborný, relevantný a vecný.
Zdravie-sk. ZDRAVIE - STAROSTLIVOSŤ O ZDRAVIE - ZDRAVÝ ŽIVOTNÝ ŠTÝL - WELLNESS
[online]. [cit. 2013-01-04]. Dostupné z: http://compex.zdravie-sk.eu/dekubity-prelezaniny.php
Webová stránka poskytuje veľa informácií o zdraví a zdravotnom stave, publikuje odborné
články, preto som si ju zvolila ako zdroj pre môj odborný text.