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Definitely not at ease : A quiz on diseases

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The document discusses the etymology and history of the word "epidemic". It notes that Homer used a word meaning "who is back home" in the Odyssey. Orators like Demosthenes used the verb form of this word to mean "to reside". Hippocrates used the adjective form of this word to mean "which circulates or propagates in a country". This adjective gave rise to the noun "epidemia" in Greek.

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Definitely not at ease : A quiz on diseases
HISTORY
Ishita Das Q 1 Pre Hippocrates , this portmanteau word was used by Homer in the epic Odyssey to combine a preposition and a noun to mean loosely who is back home . Orators like Demosthenes (384 BC322 BC) used this word in its verb form to mean "to reside. In the Corpus Hippocraticum (5th Century), Hippocrates used the adjective form of this word to mean "which circulates or propagates in a country. Whats the good word that means outbreaks of disease confined to one part of the world, such as a single country ? Ishita Das
Ishita Das A 1 Homer used epi (on) demos (people) Demosthenas and Eschines used the word epidemeo which was used to mean "to reside" Hippocrates used the adjective epidemios to mean "which circulates or propagates in a country" .This adjective gave rise to the noun in Greek, epidemia. The good word looking for was Epidemic Ishita Das
Ishita Das Q 2 This incident was long considered among the first descriptions of an epidemic. The epidemic killed around one quarter of the city-states population including its warrior leader, and is believed to have entered through the city's port and sole source of food and supplies. In Jan 1999, University of Maryland attributed this to Typhus. What was this famous ancient epidemic, in the summer of 430 BC , described by historian Thucydides, while stating his accounts of Peloponnesian War ?
Ishita Das A 2 The Plague of Athens
Ishita Das Q 3 Jani Beg was a Mongol Ruler of the Golden Horde who ruled from 1342 to 1357. The Chudov Monastery of Moscow is believed to have been built on a land he donated as his mother was cured miraculously by Metropolitan Alexei. In Popular Culture, Jani Beg is credited with a unique war strategy once he found that his ranks were infested by Black Plague , during a siege of the post city of Kaffa in 1345 to target Genoese soldiers. What strategy did he employ ? How did this event have an effect on Europe ?
Ishita Das A 3 He catapulted diseased corpses instead of canon balls targeting to infest the enemies and weaken defence. According to an Italian notary, Gabriele de Mussi, the infected who escaped Kaffa by boat intermingled with fellow Europeans and thus the contagious disease spread. Siege of Kaffa may have been the origin point for the Plagues introduction into Europe.
Ishita Das Its argued that the epidemics like Cholera in India killed more army men than the War itself. The following is an excerpt from a poem called Cholera Camp depicting the poor condition of infantry in India. It was first published in McClure's Magazine in October 1896 by a renowned English author. There aint no fun in women nor there aint no bite to drink; Its much too wet for shootin, we can only march and think; An at evenin, down the nullahs, we can ear the jackals say, Get up, you rotten beggars, youve ten more to-day! Twould make a monkey cough to see our way o doin things Lieutenants takin companies an captains takin wings, An Lances actin Sergeantseight file to obey For weve lots o quick promotion on ten deaths a day! Identify the poet. Q 4 Ishita Das
Ishita Das A 4 Rudyard Kipling
Ishita Das Q 5 The precursor to the experiments started at the Zhongma Fortress prison on the South Manchuria Railway. The facility was expanded in 1936 under patronage of King Hirohito under the commandership of General Shiiro Ishii. The official name for establishment was Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department whereas the practise had the parlance of a lumber mill. How many logs fell? was a common question asked. What was the intent of the experiments ?
Ishita Das A 5 The intent of so called Unit 731 was Biological Warfare (development of the defoliation bacilli bomb and the flea bomb used to spread bubonic plague )
ETYMOLOGY
Ishita Das Q 6 In 1917 French Canadian scientist F辿lix H. dH辿relle, found lesions in cultures of bacteria, attributed to an agent called X .Like all virus, X is composed of a protein nucleic acid molecule surrounded by a protein structure. What is the good word for X, now known to be viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Its a portmanteau, the second part of is derived from the Greek word which means to devour
Ishita Das A 6 Bacteriophage Greek word to devour = Phagein
Ishita Das An 1883 story in the Janesville Gazette about action of a policeman led to coinage of the term. The term was used again by US activist Ralph Nader in early 1970s. The football referees act as the agents to detect any issues in the game , justifying the coinage. What is this term attributed to Dr. Li Wanling of a central hospital who succumbed to the virus in Feb 2020 ? Q 7
Ishita Das Whistleblower A 7
Ishita Das Q 8 Introduction of the process was resisted by staunch Hindus in India. In the 1950s, a superstars action led to youngsters to be more receptive to the process. In 2011 Kai Kupferschmidt in Science Magazine opined that though the origin was attributed to a particular animal , the English doctor may actually have used an equestrian strain for his experiment to pioneer this. What process am I talking about ?
Ishita Das A 8 Vaccination Etymologically the word comes from Latin word vacca meaning Cow. Edward Jenner in 1796 isolated cowpox strain and injected into a healthy boy who subsequently did not develop the smallpox. As cow was sacred in India many Hindus resisted the move to vaccinate in 1918 against Small pox. In 1950s, Elvis Priesley took the shot before the Ed Sullivan show which popularised taking shots in US kids.
Ishita Das Q 9 One of the measurements of proportion of population infected is antibody positivity in a random sample. Presence of antibody in blood serum at a particular time confirms that the host was infected in past. What is this study of detection of prevalence of antibodies called ?
Ishita Das A 9 Seroprevalence Survey or Serosurvey
Ishita Das Q 10 X was used as a name for the Vespers in the Office of the Dead, taken from a phrase used from the Vulgate's Psalm. It meant someone who falsely claimed a connection to the deceased to get a share of the funeral meal, and hence a flatterer, and so a deceptive act to please. In medical terminology X means an inert substance with no therapeutic value. What is the term X, recently in controversy for a double blind test that shook the nation ?
Ishita Das A 10 Placebo Deepak Maravi Case
POP CULTURE
Ishita Das Q 11 Epidemics in India around 1918-20 saw unprecedented deaths and many dead bodies were disposed off in the forests due to lack of people to properly cremate them in burning ghats. In the present state of Uttarakhand, such disposal of the dead led to a imbalance in the food chain leading to victimization of hapless Hindu Pilgrims of a holy site. What was the saga that came to an end in 1925, and was the subject of an 1947 work.
Ishita Das A 11 Leopards turned Man eaters , due to easy food availability . One such male Leopard at Rudraprayag preyed on pilgrims who visited Kedarnath and Badrinath , devouring 125 human lives. Finally was killed by Jim Corbett in 1925. Jim Corbett wrote the famous book Man Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag subsequently in 1947, published by Oxford University Press
Ishita Das Q 12 One of the theories attributed to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 is that its spike protein contains a highly infectious, misfolded, self replicating particle called prions. Two effects of prions are seen in Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (mad cow disease) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans. In popular culture, because of their ability to quickly switch their appearance between two forms , the prions are also analogous to X. The organisms having X characteristics are Vitamin B deficient having pellagra like conditions. Identify X
Ishita Das A 12 Vampires
Ishita Das A series of such public awareness messages was released in wake of the Pandemic in India. Which entity/organisation was the propagator of this message ? Q 13
Ishita Das A 13 Indian Railways
Ishita Das Q 14 Observing the plight of the stranded migrant workers due to the first phase of lockdown in India, the government provided emergency trains called Shramik Specials, to transport them to their natives. A report by Business standard in Dec 2020 actually shows that these trains, which had no screening for boarders, and no social distancing actually transported the virus through infected migrants to distant villages. What was the epithet attributed to the Shramik Special trains as per this Business Standard report ?
Ishita Das A 14 Virus Trains
Ishita Das Q 15 Adult-sized masks may not be suitable for small faces. Looking at this problem, technology company Airmotion cooperated with Danish design studio Kilo Design to come up with a mask specifically for children. This modular system that the mask comes in, encourages children and parents to put the parts together, piece by piece, to build the finished product. This interaction helps kids to customize the mask the way they like it. What is this mask named as, with a namesake award-winning technology company with offices in New York, London and Tel Aviv ?
Ishita Das A 15
Hoping for a Pandemic Free Future for our Children

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Definitely not at ease : A quiz on diseases

  • 3. Ishita Das Q 1 Pre Hippocrates , this portmanteau word was used by Homer in the epic Odyssey to combine a preposition and a noun to mean loosely who is back home . Orators like Demosthenes (384 BC322 BC) used this word in its verb form to mean "to reside. In the Corpus Hippocraticum (5th Century), Hippocrates used the adjective form of this word to mean "which circulates or propagates in a country. Whats the good word that means outbreaks of disease confined to one part of the world, such as a single country ? Ishita Das
  • 4. Ishita Das A 1 Homer used epi (on) demos (people) Demosthenas and Eschines used the word epidemeo which was used to mean "to reside" Hippocrates used the adjective epidemios to mean "which circulates or propagates in a country" .This adjective gave rise to the noun in Greek, epidemia. The good word looking for was Epidemic Ishita Das
  • 5. Ishita Das Q 2 This incident was long considered among the first descriptions of an epidemic. The epidemic killed around one quarter of the city-states population including its warrior leader, and is believed to have entered through the city's port and sole source of food and supplies. In Jan 1999, University of Maryland attributed this to Typhus. What was this famous ancient epidemic, in the summer of 430 BC , described by historian Thucydides, while stating his accounts of Peloponnesian War ?
  • 6. Ishita Das A 2 The Plague of Athens
  • 7. Ishita Das Q 3 Jani Beg was a Mongol Ruler of the Golden Horde who ruled from 1342 to 1357. The Chudov Monastery of Moscow is believed to have been built on a land he donated as his mother was cured miraculously by Metropolitan Alexei. In Popular Culture, Jani Beg is credited with a unique war strategy once he found that his ranks were infested by Black Plague , during a siege of the post city of Kaffa in 1345 to target Genoese soldiers. What strategy did he employ ? How did this event have an effect on Europe ?
  • 8. Ishita Das A 3 He catapulted diseased corpses instead of canon balls targeting to infest the enemies and weaken defence. According to an Italian notary, Gabriele de Mussi, the infected who escaped Kaffa by boat intermingled with fellow Europeans and thus the contagious disease spread. Siege of Kaffa may have been the origin point for the Plagues introduction into Europe.
  • 9. Ishita Das Its argued that the epidemics like Cholera in India killed more army men than the War itself. The following is an excerpt from a poem called Cholera Camp depicting the poor condition of infantry in India. It was first published in McClure's Magazine in October 1896 by a renowned English author. There aint no fun in women nor there aint no bite to drink; Its much too wet for shootin, we can only march and think; An at evenin, down the nullahs, we can ear the jackals say, Get up, you rotten beggars, youve ten more to-day! Twould make a monkey cough to see our way o doin things Lieutenants takin companies an captains takin wings, An Lances actin Sergeantseight file to obey For weve lots o quick promotion on ten deaths a day! Identify the poet. Q 4 Ishita Das
  • 11. Ishita Das Q 5 The precursor to the experiments started at the Zhongma Fortress prison on the South Manchuria Railway. The facility was expanded in 1936 under patronage of King Hirohito under the commandership of General Shiiro Ishii. The official name for establishment was Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department whereas the practise had the parlance of a lumber mill. How many logs fell? was a common question asked. What was the intent of the experiments ?
  • 12. Ishita Das A 5 The intent of so called Unit 731 was Biological Warfare (development of the defoliation bacilli bomb and the flea bomb used to spread bubonic plague )
  • 14. Ishita Das Q 6 In 1917 French Canadian scientist F辿lix H. dH辿relle, found lesions in cultures of bacteria, attributed to an agent called X .Like all virus, X is composed of a protein nucleic acid molecule surrounded by a protein structure. What is the good word for X, now known to be viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Its a portmanteau, the second part of is derived from the Greek word which means to devour
  • 15. Ishita Das A 6 Bacteriophage Greek word to devour = Phagein
  • 16. Ishita Das An 1883 story in the Janesville Gazette about action of a policeman led to coinage of the term. The term was used again by US activist Ralph Nader in early 1970s. The football referees act as the agents to detect any issues in the game , justifying the coinage. What is this term attributed to Dr. Li Wanling of a central hospital who succumbed to the virus in Feb 2020 ? Q 7
  • 18. Ishita Das Q 8 Introduction of the process was resisted by staunch Hindus in India. In the 1950s, a superstars action led to youngsters to be more receptive to the process. In 2011 Kai Kupferschmidt in Science Magazine opined that though the origin was attributed to a particular animal , the English doctor may actually have used an equestrian strain for his experiment to pioneer this. What process am I talking about ?
  • 19. Ishita Das A 8 Vaccination Etymologically the word comes from Latin word vacca meaning Cow. Edward Jenner in 1796 isolated cowpox strain and injected into a healthy boy who subsequently did not develop the smallpox. As cow was sacred in India many Hindus resisted the move to vaccinate in 1918 against Small pox. In 1950s, Elvis Priesley took the shot before the Ed Sullivan show which popularised taking shots in US kids.
  • 20. Ishita Das Q 9 One of the measurements of proportion of population infected is antibody positivity in a random sample. Presence of antibody in blood serum at a particular time confirms that the host was infected in past. What is this study of detection of prevalence of antibodies called ?
  • 21. Ishita Das A 9 Seroprevalence Survey or Serosurvey
  • 22. Ishita Das Q 10 X was used as a name for the Vespers in the Office of the Dead, taken from a phrase used from the Vulgate's Psalm. It meant someone who falsely claimed a connection to the deceased to get a share of the funeral meal, and hence a flatterer, and so a deceptive act to please. In medical terminology X means an inert substance with no therapeutic value. What is the term X, recently in controversy for a double blind test that shook the nation ?
  • 25. Ishita Das Q 11 Epidemics in India around 1918-20 saw unprecedented deaths and many dead bodies were disposed off in the forests due to lack of people to properly cremate them in burning ghats. In the present state of Uttarakhand, such disposal of the dead led to a imbalance in the food chain leading to victimization of hapless Hindu Pilgrims of a holy site. What was the saga that came to an end in 1925, and was the subject of an 1947 work.
  • 26. Ishita Das A 11 Leopards turned Man eaters , due to easy food availability . One such male Leopard at Rudraprayag preyed on pilgrims who visited Kedarnath and Badrinath , devouring 125 human lives. Finally was killed by Jim Corbett in 1925. Jim Corbett wrote the famous book Man Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag subsequently in 1947, published by Oxford University Press
  • 27. Ishita Das Q 12 One of the theories attributed to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 is that its spike protein contains a highly infectious, misfolded, self replicating particle called prions. Two effects of prions are seen in Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (mad cow disease) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans. In popular culture, because of their ability to quickly switch their appearance between two forms , the prions are also analogous to X. The organisms having X characteristics are Vitamin B deficient having pellagra like conditions. Identify X
  • 29. Ishita Das A series of such public awareness messages was released in wake of the Pandemic in India. Which entity/organisation was the propagator of this message ? Q 13
  • 31. Ishita Das Q 14 Observing the plight of the stranded migrant workers due to the first phase of lockdown in India, the government provided emergency trains called Shramik Specials, to transport them to their natives. A report by Business standard in Dec 2020 actually shows that these trains, which had no screening for boarders, and no social distancing actually transported the virus through infected migrants to distant villages. What was the epithet attributed to the Shramik Special trains as per this Business Standard report ?
  • 33. Ishita Das Q 15 Adult-sized masks may not be suitable for small faces. Looking at this problem, technology company Airmotion cooperated with Danish design studio Kilo Design to come up with a mask specifically for children. This modular system that the mask comes in, encourages children and parents to put the parts together, piece by piece, to build the finished product. This interaction helps kids to customize the mask the way they like it. What is this mask named as, with a namesake award-winning technology company with offices in New York, London and Tel Aviv ?
  • 35. Hoping for a Pandemic Free Future for our Children