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SIMSSR-a new whole-farm model to simulate
the effect of farm management, genetics and
climate on emissions and other sustainability
attributes from small ruminants systems in
Europe
Agustin del Prado, Inmaculada Batalla, Asma Jebari, Guillermo Pardo
Distribution of small ruminant livestock in
Europe (Eurostat, 2015)
First Challenge: to cover the diversity of small
ruminant systems
 Breeds: >25
 Production systems (typologies)
Intensivity
Feeding
Land use
Climatic conditions
Reproductive systems
4
SIMSSR
Simulates the effect of management x genetics
x soil x climate on
Boundaries: Farm, includes includes pre-farm gate
Generic submodels
Semi process-based
Written in DELPHI
Main use: run what-if scenarios (current, future)
Farm environmental performance
(losses of N and C {and sinks of
soil SOC})
Basic economics
Other atributes of sustainability
An example using a new farm model
(SIMSSR)
Kg DM simulated intake/day ewe for each type of feed
Dairy sheep system in Greece
(Chios breed)
Reproductive sytem: 1 lambing
per year
300 ewes
intensive
One Flock of adult female
Enteric CH4-an example Latxa breed
 Flock 1
 Flock 2
 Flock 3
Lambing-January
Lambing-June
Lambing-October
Reproductive sytem: 1 lambing per year
N balance (simulated) at the Flock level
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
kgVS
MonthlyLoadVSManure
MonthlyConsumedVSManure
Emptied FYM storage
An example using a new farm model
(SIMSSR)
Manure VS (load and consumed) at storage
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
kgN
MonthlyLoadNManure MonthlyNlostManure
Emptied FYM storage
Manure N (load and loss) at storage
An example using a new farm model
(SIMSSR)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
kgCH4/month
month
enteric CH4 manure CH4
0
50
100
150
200
250
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
kgNloss
MonthlyNH3Manure
MonthlyN2OManure
MonthlyNOxManure
CH4-enteric vs. CH4 manure N losses from FYM storage
Del Prado et al. 2019
Flock
1
Flock
2
Flock
3
Youn
g
Male Lambs/ki
ds
Ent-CH4
Emissions
CH4
emissions
N
emission
s
On-
farm
feed
Grazed (on-farm,
leased)
Forage (on-farm)
Cereals (on-farm)
Purchased feed
pre-farm
emissions
Productivity/ha
has
On-
farm/leased
land
emissions
pre-farm
emissions
(fertiliser)
Manure/excreta
N, VS
has
Available feedDM, N, Energy
intake
Basic structure of SIMSSR
CLIMATE
inputs
economics
Qualitative
Sustainability
attributes
Emissions
from
energy use
inputs
Ad

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Del Prado et al. 2019

  • 1. SIMSSR-a new whole-farm model to simulate the effect of farm management, genetics and climate on emissions and other sustainability attributes from small ruminants systems in Europe Agustin del Prado, Inmaculada Batalla, Asma Jebari, Guillermo Pardo
  • 2. Distribution of small ruminant livestock in Europe (Eurostat, 2015)
  • 3. First Challenge: to cover the diversity of small ruminant systems Breeds: >25 Production systems (typologies) Intensivity Feeding Land use Climatic conditions Reproductive systems
  • 4. 4 SIMSSR Simulates the effect of management x genetics x soil x climate on Boundaries: Farm, includes includes pre-farm gate Generic submodels Semi process-based Written in DELPHI Main use: run what-if scenarios (current, future) Farm environmental performance (losses of N and C {and sinks of soil SOC}) Basic economics Other atributes of sustainability
  • 5. An example using a new farm model (SIMSSR) Kg DM simulated intake/day ewe for each type of feed Dairy sheep system in Greece (Chios breed) Reproductive sytem: 1 lambing per year 300 ewes intensive One Flock of adult female
  • 6. Enteric CH4-an example Latxa breed Flock 1 Flock 2 Flock 3 Lambing-January Lambing-June Lambing-October Reproductive sytem: 1 lambing per year
  • 7. N balance (simulated) at the Flock level
  • 8. 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec kgVS MonthlyLoadVSManure MonthlyConsumedVSManure Emptied FYM storage An example using a new farm model (SIMSSR) Manure VS (load and consumed) at storage 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec kgN MonthlyLoadNManure MonthlyNlostManure Emptied FYM storage Manure N (load and loss) at storage
  • 9. An example using a new farm model (SIMSSR) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec kgCH4/month month enteric CH4 manure CH4 0 50 100 150 200 250 jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec kgNloss MonthlyNH3Manure MonthlyN2OManure MonthlyNOxManure CH4-enteric vs. CH4 manure N losses from FYM storage
  • 11. Flock 1 Flock 2 Flock 3 Youn g Male Lambs/ki ds Ent-CH4 Emissions CH4 emissions N emission s On- farm feed Grazed (on-farm, leased) Forage (on-farm) Cereals (on-farm) Purchased feed pre-farm emissions Productivity/ha has On- farm/leased land emissions pre-farm emissions (fertiliser) Manure/excreta N, VS has Available feedDM, N, Energy intake Basic structure of SIMSSR CLIMATE inputs economics Qualitative Sustainability attributes Emissions from energy use inputs