Design and Analysis Of Kaplan Turbine Blades Final Year Project
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The document summarizes the design and analysis of Kaplan turbine runner blades by three students - Zohaib Ahmad, Muhammad Ali, and Dilbar Khan - supervised by Mr. Atif Bin Asghar. The students aimed to calculate the number of blades required for a 3m head, design the blades and runner using Creo modeling software, and perform CFD analysis of the turbine blades to compare results with previous analyses. The project was motivated by Pakistan's present energy crisis and aimed to improve the efficiency of micro-hydro power plants.
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Design and Analysis of Low Head, Light weight Kaplan Turbine Blade
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ABSTRACT:- The project deals with the development of the design of low head light weight Kaplan turbine blade. To enhance it's hydrodynamic efficiency by reducing weight, shape alterations, blade angle with combination of materials Aluminium alloy, Structural steel, Titanium alloy Stainless steel. The 3D model of blade is developed using software Solid Works and Analysis of blade is done on Ansys14..W
WTurbomach2010
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The document discusses different types of hydraulic turbines, including Kaplan, Francis, and Pelton turbines. Kaplan turbines are suitable for low heads from 20-70m and can reach outputs of 200MW. Francis turbines can cover heads from 20m to 700m and outputs up to 700MW. Example Francis turbine installations producing hundreds of megawatts are described in Turkey, Pakistan, and Turkey. Pelton turbines use the highest heads up to 1,800m and an example project supplying five turbine units to Switzerland is summarized.detail study of kaplan turbine
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The Kaplan turbine is a water turbine that was invented in 1913-1922 by Viktor Kaplan. It has adjustable blades that allow it to efficiently handle a wide variation of water flows. The Kaplan turbine is well-suited for low head sites between 2-40 meters and has efficiencies over 90%. It is an inward flow reaction turbine where the water changes pressure and gives up energy as it moves through the adjustable blades, causing the runner to spin. The Kaplan turbine's adjustable blades make it more efficient at partial loads compared to other water turbines.Vertical tubular hydraulic turbine
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This document describes a new type of mixed-flow hydraulic turbine with a vertical orientation. Some key features include a circular inlet to the draft cone that transitions to an elliptical outlet, and an inclined draft cone axis. The runner blades are fixed, unlike traditional mixed-flow designs. The compact design allows for reduced turbine weight and civil works. Economic benefits include smaller machine houses and shorter installation times compared to conventional Francis turbines.Selection of Turbine | Fluid Mechanics
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This document provides a comparison of different types of hydraulic turbines and considerations for selecting the appropriate turbine for a hydroelectric power plant. It compares Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines based on criteria such as head, discharge required, efficiency, and more. The key points for selection include considering the specific speed to match the generator speed, choosing the turbine with the highest efficiency, ability to operate at part loads, available head and fluctuations, and shaft orientation. The turbines are recommended for different head ranges, with Pelton used for very high heads and Kaplan for heads below 30 meters.Governing of the Turbine | Fluid Mechanics
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Hydel lecture-2Faraz Humayun
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This document discusses different types of hydraulic turbines used in hydroelectric power plants. It describes how impulse turbines like Pelton wheels use jet water to drive the turbine, while reaction turbines like Francis and Kaplan turbines use both pressure and velocity of water filling the runner casing. It provides details on Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbine designs and applications based on specific speed. For a case study river with 80m head and 400L/s flow, the document recommends using a Francis turbine instead of a single Pelton wheel, since the specific speed calculated is outside the typical Pelton wheel range.Cia 3 ppt governing of hydraulic turbines
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Hydraulic turbines drive electrical generators in power plants.
The frequency of generation has to be strictly maintained at a constant value.
This means that the turbines should run at constant speed irrespective of the load or power output.
It is also possible that due to electrical tripping the turbine has to be stopped suddenly.
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This document provides information about the Francis reaction turbine. It describes the key components of the turbine, including the penstock, spiral casing, runner blades, guide vanes, and draft tube. It explains how the turbine works by converting the kinetic and pressure energy of water flowing through it into rotational energy to power a generator. The turbine is widely used today for power generation due to its high efficiency of around 88%. The document also discusses cavitation issues and recent design advancements aimed at reducing costs and complexity.Basic Mechanical Engineering- Hydraulic turbines
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(1) A reaction turbine develops torque through the reaction of fluid pressure on its rotor. As fluid passes through the rotor blades, its pressure changes and a reaction force causes the rotor to turn in the opposite direction. (2) Its key components include a spiral casing to distribute fluid, adjustable guide vanes to direct flow to the rotor, and a draft tube that recovers kinetic energy and increases efficiency. (3) The most common type is the Francis turbine, widely used for its high efficiency over a large range of heads and flows.IMPULSE TURBINE
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The document discusses the impulse turbine and Pelton wheel turbine. The impulse turbine converts hydraulic energy to kinetic energy using efficient nozzles that direct high velocity jets at buckets on a runner. This changes the jet's direction without pressure change and sets the runner into rotation. A Pelton wheel is a type of impulse turbine that uses free jets and is efficient for heads over 450m. It has a runner with cup-shaped buckets that the high velocity jets from nozzles strike to rotate the shaft and generate power. Key components include the penstock, spear and nozzle, casing, runner and buckets, and governing mechanism.
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1. An innovation in hydraulic turbine design is presented involving an assembly of conical wicket gates and a mixed-flow type runner with fixed blades, followed by an asymmetrical draft cone.
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Abstract Laboratory-Scale Francis Turbine has been used to generate experimental data for performance evaluation. The analysis presented here is based on turbine shaft load resulting in utilization of water power and includes overall efficiency, specific speed, unit quantities and critical cavitation factor. A modified critical cavitation factor relation has been obtained and verified with the existing relation. Keywords: Hydro Power, Francis Turbine, Turbine Performance, Cavitation FactorSUMMER TRAINING @CHIBRO BY AAKASH 
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Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today. They were developed by James B. Francis and are also called mixed-flow turbines as water enters radially and exits axially. Francis turbines use both the kinetic energy and pressure energy of water to drive the turbine, making them a reaction turbine. They are suitable for medium and high capacity power generation. The main components are the runner blades, which convert the energy of flowing water into rotational motion, and the draft tube, which guides water out of the turbine.Design Calculation of 40 MW Francis Turbine Runner
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A water turbine is one of the most important parts to generate electricity in hydroelectric power plants. The generation of hydroelectric power is relatively cheaper than the power generated by other sources. There are various types of turbines such as Pelton Turbine, Cross flow Turbine, and Francis Turbine which are being used in Myanmar. In this paper, one of the hydroelectric power plant which is used Vertical Francis Turbine type. The Francis turbine is one of the powerful turbine types. Francis Turbine is a type of water turbine that was developed by James Bicheno Francis. Hydroelectric Power Plant, Thaukyegat No.2, is selected to design the runner. This Vertical Francis Turbine is designed to produce 40 MW electric powers from the head of 65 m and flow rate of 70.10m3 s. The design parameters of 40 MW Vertical Francis Turbine runner's diameter, height, elevation, shaft, numbers of blades and blade angles are calculated. The initial value of turbine output is assumed as 94 . The number of guide blades and runner blades are also assumed. The detailed design calculations of the runner are carried out. Moreover, the selection of the turbine type according to the head, the flow rate and the power are also performed. Kyi Pyar Oo | Khaing Zar Nyunt | Ei Cho Cho Theik "Design Calculation of 40 MW Francis Turbine (Runner)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26412.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/26412/design-calculation-of-40-mw-francis-turbine-runner/kyi-pyar-oo
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The document discusses different types of hydraulic machines and turbines. It defines hydraulic machines as machines that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy or vice versa. Turbines are hydraulic machines that specifically convert hydraulic energy from water into mechanical energy. The main types of turbines discussed are hydraulic turbines, which are further divided into impulse turbines like the Pelton turbine and reaction turbines like the Francis and Kaplan turbines. For each turbine, the document provides details on their basic working principles and operating characteristics.´¡±·³§³Û³§¼ÆË㵪Æø³äÌî춻ų́ÄÚ-»¢ÃſƼ¼Ðì×ÓÕý±¹3
´¡±·³§³Û³§¼ÆË㵪Æø³äÌî춻ų́ÄÚ-»¢ÃſƼ¼Ðì×ÓÕý±¹3Tzu-jeng Hsu
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The document discusses the impulse turbine and Pelton wheel turbine. The impulse turbine converts hydraulic energy to kinetic energy using efficient nozzles that direct high velocity jets at buckets on a runner. This changes the jet's direction without pressure change and sets the runner into rotation. A Pelton wheel is a type of impulse turbine that uses free jets and is efficient for heads over 450m. It has a runner with cup-shaped buckets that the high velocity jets from nozzles strike to rotate the shaft and generate power. Key components include the penstock, spear and nozzle, casing, runner and buckets, and governing mechanism.
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2. It has several main components: blades mounted on a rotor, a nozzle that accelerates the water into a jet, and a casing that contains the water after it strikes the blades.
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The document discusses different types of hydraulic machines and turbines. It defines hydraulic machines as machines that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy or vice versa. Turbines are hydraulic machines that specifically convert hydraulic energy from water into mechanical energy. The main types of turbines discussed are hydraulic turbines, which are further divided into impulse turbines like the Pelton turbine and reaction turbines like the Francis and Kaplan turbines. For each turbine, the document provides details on their basic working principles and operating characteristics.Viewers also liked (8)
´¡±·³§³Û³§¼ÆË㵪Æø³äÌî춻ų́ÄÚ-»¢ÃſƼ¼Ðì×ÓÕý±¹3
´¡±·³§³Û³§¼ÆË㵪Æø³äÌî춻ų́ÄÚ-»¢ÃſƼ¼Ðì×ÓÕý±¹3Tzu-jeng Hsu
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The document discusses using CFD simulation to model the concentration of nitrogen (N2) inside an equipment front-end module (eFEM) and front-opening unified pod (FOUP). The simulation considers two N2 inlets, one from a blade and one from bottom ports, and two outlets. The results show the distribution of N2 concentration throughout the eFEM and FOUP to understand safety for human exposure. Additional simulations analyze the effects of different purge flow rates on reducing humidity inside the FOUP.3.1 turbine and governing
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Turbines convert hydraulic energy from flowing water into mechanical energy via a shaft. Francis turbines, invented in 1848, are a common type of inward reaction turbine that convert both kinetic and pressure energy. They have main components like a spiral casing, guide vanes, runner, and draft tube. Pelton wheels are impulse turbines that use nozzles to convert water's pressure energy into kinetic energy before it strikes buckets on the runner to rotate it. They are suitable for high head applications.Ppt of turbine
Ppt of turbineRajeev Mandal
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This document presents information about turbines submitted by Rajeev Kumar Mandal. It includes an introduction defining turbines as devices that convert the kinetic, potential, or intermolecular energy of a fluid into mechanical energy of a rotating member. It then discusses the basic components and design of turbines. It classifies turbines based on their operation as either impulse turbines, which use fluid velocity changes to spin the turbine, or reaction turbines, which react to fluid pressure changes. Examples of different types of turbines are provided, including steam, gas, water, and wind turbines. The document focuses on steam turbines, explaining their use in power plants to generate electricity from coal, oil, or nuclear energy.Recently uploaded (20)
Practice Head Torpedo - Neometrix Defence.pptx
Practice Head Torpedo - Neometrix Defence.pptxNeometrix_Engineering_Pvt_Ltd
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About
Practice Head is assembled with Practice Torpedo intended for carrying out exercise firings. It is assembled with Homing Head in the forward section and oxygen flask in the rear section. Practice Head imparts positive buoyancy to the Torpedo at the end of run. The Practice Head is divided into two compartments viz. Ballast Compartment (Houses Light Device, Depth & Roll Recorder, Signal Flare Ejector, Discharge Valve, Stop Cock, Water discharge Valve, Bellow reducing Valve, Release Mechanism, Recess, Bypass Valve, Pressure Equalizer, Float, Sinking Plug etc.) which provides positive buoyancy at the end of run by discharging water (140 ltrs.) filled in the compartment and Instrument compartment (dry), houses (safety & recovery unit and its battery, combined homing and influence exploder equipment, noise maker, bollards & safety valve etc.) The recess in Ballast compartment houses the float which gets inflated at the end of run to provide floatation to the surfaced Torpedo. Several hand holes/recesses are provided on the casing/shell of Practice Head for assembly of the following components:-
a) Signal Flare Ejector Assembly
b) Depth and Roll Recorder Assembly
c) Light Device
d) Pressure equalizer
e) Drain/Discharge Valve assembly
f) Bollard Assembly
g) Holding for Floater/Balloon Assembly
h) Sinking Valve
i) Safety Valve
j) Inspection hand hole
Technical Details:
SrNo Items Specifications
1 Aluminum Alloy (AlMg5)
Casing Body Material: AlMg5
? Larger Outer Diameter of the Casing: 532.4 MM
? Smaller Outer Diameter of the Casing: 503.05 MM
? Total Length: 1204.20 MM
? Thickness: 6-8 mm
? Structural Details of Casing: The casing is of uniform outer dia for a certain distance from rear side and tapered from a definite distance to the front side. (Refer T-DAP-A1828-GADWG-PH- REV 00)
? Slope of the Tapered Portion: 1/8
? Mass of Casing (Without components mounting, but including the ribs and collars on the body): 58.5 kg
? Maximum External Test Pressure: 12 kgf/cm2
? Maximum Internal Test Pressure:-
i. For Ballast Compartment: 2 kgf/cm2
ii. For Instrument Compartment: 1 kgf/cm2
? Innerspace of casing assembly have 2 compartments:-
i. Ballast Compartment and
ii. Instrument Compartment
? Cut outs/ recesses shall be provided for the assembly of following components.
a) Signal Flare Ejector Assembly
b) Depth and Roll Recorder Assembly
c) Light Device
d) Pressure Equalizer
e) Drain/ discharge valve assembly
2 Front Side Collar Material: AlMg5
? Maximum Outer Diameter: 500 MM
? Pitch Circle Diameter: 468 MM
? All Dimensions as per drawing T-DAP-A1828-MDWG-C&R-REV-00
Application:
In a torpedo, the ballast components and instrument compartment play crucial roles in maintaining stability, control, and overall operational effectiveness. The ballast system primarily manages buoyancy and trim, ensuring that the torpedo maintains a stable trajectory underwater.Designing Flex and Rigid-Flex PCBs to Prevent Failure
Designing Flex and Rigid-Flex PCBs to Prevent FailureEpec Engineered Technologies
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Flex and rigid-flex printed circuit boards (PCBs) can be considered at the basic level some of the most complex PCBs in the industry. With that in mind, it¡¯s incredibly easy to make a mistake, to leave something out, or to create a design that was doomed from the start.
Such design failures can end up leading to an eventual failure by delamination, short circuits, damage to the flex portions, and many other things. The easiest way to circumvent these is to start at the beginning, to design with preventing failure in mind rather than trying to fix existing designs to accommodate for problems.
In this webinar, we cover how to design flex and rigid-flex PCBs with failure prevention in mind to save time, money, and headaches, and what failure can look like.
For more information on our flex and rigid-flex PCB solutions, visit https://www.epectec.com/flex.
Indian Soil Classification System in Geotechnical Engineering
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This PowerPoint presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Indian Soil Classification System, widely used in geotechnical engineering for identifying and categorizing soils based on their properties. It covers essential aspects such as particle size distribution, sieve analysis, and Atterberg consistency limits, which play a crucial role in determining soil behavior for construction and foundation design. The presentation explains the classification of soil based on particle size, including gravel, sand, silt, and clay, and details the sieve analysis experiment used to determine grain size distribution. Additionally, it explores the Atterberg consistency limits, such as the liquid limit, plastic limit, and shrinkage limit, along with a plasticity chart to assess soil plasticity and its impact on engineering applications. Furthermore, it discusses the Indian Standard Soil Classification (IS 1498:1970) and its significance in construction, along with a comparison to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). With detailed explanations, graphs, charts, and practical applications, this presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, civil engineers, and researchers in the field of geotechnical engineering. Unit 1- Review of Basic Concepts-part 1.pptx
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DS, ADT, Algorithms, Asymptotic Notations are summarized. Unit-1 Fundamentals of Kinematics and Mechanisms (Complete).pptx
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This presentation includes the basics of Mechanisms of Machines or Theory of Machines subjectWireless Transmission line(Subhamoy Das).pptx
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Wireless Transmission line Power Point Presentation
Unit2_Linear Regression_Performance Metrics.pdf
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Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Ridge Regression, Lasso Regression,
Polynomial Regression Types of Regression, performance metrics Mean Squared Error
(MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), R2 (R-
Squared)AI-Powered Power Converter Design Workflow.pdf
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Blending human expertise with AI-driven optimization for efficient power converter design.How to Build a Speed Sensor using Arduino?
How to Build a Speed Sensor using Arduino?CircuitDigest
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Learn how to measure speed using IR sensors in this simple DIY project. This tutorial cover circuit diagram, Sensor calibration and speed calculations and optimized Arduino code for real time speed measurements.Soil Properties and Methods of Determination
Soil Properties and Methods of DeterminationRajani Vyawahare
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This PPT covers the index and engineering properties of soil. It includes details on index properties, along with their methods of determination. Various important terms related to soil behavior are explained in detail. The presentation also outlines the experimental procedures for determining soil properties such as water content, specific gravity, plastic limit, and liquid limit, along with the necessary calculations and graph plotting. Additionally, it provides insights to understand the importance of these properties in geotechnical engineering applications.Cloud Cost Optimization for GCP, AWS, Azure
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Reduce Cloud Waste across AWS, GCP, Azure and Optimize Cloud Cost with a structured approach and improve your bottomline or profitability. Decide whether you want to outsource or manage it in house. A Star Algorithm in Artificial intelligence
A Star Algorithm in Artificial intelligencevipulkondekar
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A Star Algorithm in Artificial intelligence6th SEM REPORT, Government Engineering College, Patan
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Project Report on Computer Aided Design in the field of Gearbox
Helium Boosting & Decanting With Hydro Test Machine
Helium Boosting & Decanting With Hydro Test MachinePaskals Fluid Systems Pvt. Ltd.
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About:
A helium boosting and decanting system is typically used in various industrial applications, particularly in the production and handling of gases, including helium including leak test of reciprocating cylinder. Here¡¯s a brief overview of its components and functions:
Components
1. Helium Storage Tanks: High-pressure tanks that store helium@ 150 bars.
2. Boosting Pumps: Designed to boost helium pressure up to 150 bar, ensuring efficient flow throughout the system.
3. Decanting Unit: Separates liquid helium from gas, facilitating decanting at pressures of up to 2 bars.
4. Pressure Regulators: Maintain and control the pressure of helium during transport.
5. Control Valves: automatic control valve is provided for the flow and direction of helium through the system.
6. Piping and Fittings: High-quality, corrosion-resistant materials for safe transport.
Functions
? Boosting Pressure: The system boosts helium pressure up to 150 bar for various applications.
? Decanting: Safely decants helium, separating liquid from gas at pressures of up to 2 bar.
? Safety Measures: Equipped with relief valves and emergency shut-off systems to handle high pressures safely.
? Monitoring and Control: Sensors and automated controls monitor pressure and flow rates.
Application:
? Cryogenics: Cooling superconducting magnets in MRI machines and particle accelerators.
? Welding: Used as a shielding gas in welding processes.
? Research: Crucial for various scientific applications, including laboratories and space exploration.
Key Features:
? Helium Storage & Boosting System
? Decanting System
? Pressure Regulation & Monitoring
? Valves & Flow Control
? Filtration & Safety Components
? Structural & Material Specifications
? Automation & Electrical Components
AIR FILTER system in internal combustion engine system.ppt
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air filter system in ic engine probability and Statistics Binomial Distribution
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The binomial distribution models the probability of a specific number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials, each with two possible outcomes. It's defined by the number of trials (n) and the probability of success in a single trial (p).Design and Analysis Of Kaplan Turbine Blades Final Year Project
- 1. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF KAPLAN TURBINE RUNNER BLADES ZOHAIB AHMAD ME113022 MUHAMMAD ALI ME113115 DILBAR KHAN ME113116 Supervisor :Mr.Atif Bin Asghar
- 2. INTRODUCTION ?Low Head (2m to 30m) ?High Flow Rate ?Adjustable Blades ?Efficiency Up To 90% ?Micro Hydro Power Plants Motivation: Present Energy Crises In Pakistan Viktor Kaplan (1876-1934)
- 3. Scope Of Work ? Calculate Number Of Blades Required (for 3m Head) ? Design Of Blades With Runner (Creo Modeling) ? CFD Analysis Of Turbine Blades
- 4. Success Criteria ? Creo Modeling Of Turbine Blades ? CFD Result Comparison with Previous CFD Analysis