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DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS AND APPLICATIONS.pptx

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Balasundar P

This document discusses various hydraulic circuits used in industrial applications. It begins by defining accumulators and pressure intensifiers. It then outlines several types of accumulator circuits including regenerative circuits, sequence circuits, automatic cylinder reciprocation circuits, synchronization circuits, and fail-safe circuits. Additional circuits described include pump unloading circuits, speed control circuits, double pump circuits, meter in/out circuits, mechanical hydraulic servo systems, and hydrostatic transmission circuits. Graphic symbols for hydraulic components and sample circuits are provided.

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Unit-II DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS MT2351 FLUID POWER SYSTEMS Prepared by: Dr. P. Balasundar, M.E., Ph.D., Assistant Professor (Senior Scale), Department of Mechatronics Engineering, KAMARAJ College of Engineering and Technology.
DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS Accumulators, Intensifiers. Hydraulic circuits - Regenerative, Pump Unloading, Double pump, Air-over oil, Sequence, Fail- safe, Speed control, Electro hydraulic circuits. 2
FLUID SYMBOLS • A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power components and systems on schematic drawings. • https://www.valmet.com/media/articles/up- and-running/reliability/FRFluidDwgs1/ • https://engineeringlibrary.org/reference/hydraul ics-graphic-symbols-for-fluid-power-diagrams- navy 3/14/2024 3
Accumulators • Accumulator is a pressure vessel for storing hydraulic pressure in it utilizing compressible and de compressible nature of fluid. • So, it can be said that the accumulator has a similar function to the rechargeable electrical battery. • The most common application for an accumulator is supplementing the pump flow in a hydraulic system in which a high flow rate is required for a brief period of time. 3/14/2024 4
Types of Accumulators 1. Weight loaded accumulator 2. Spring loaded accumulator 3. Gas charged accumulator 4. Piston type 5. Bladder type 6. Diaphragm type 3/14/2024 5
Types of Accumulators 1. Weight loaded accumulator 2. Spring loaded accumulator 3. Gas charged accumulator 4. Piston type 5. Bladder type 6. Diaphragm type 3/14/2024 6
Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 7
Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 8
Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 9
Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 10
Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 11
Pressure Intensifier • Pressure Intensifier = Pressure Booster • Devices used to generate pressure greater than those achievable with standard hydraulic pumps alone. 3/14/2024 12
Intensifier Circuit – Punching Press 3/14/2024 13 Punching Operation Both Clamping & Punching Operation
Industrial Circuits • Regenerative circuit • Sequence • Automatic cylinder reciprocating system • Synchronization • Fail-Safe • Pressure Intensifier • Air-over oil • Pump Unloading • Double- Pump • Speed Control • Hydrostatic transmission • Electro hydraulic circuits • Mechanical hydraulic servo systems 3/14/2024 14
Air-over-oil intensifier circuit 3/14/2024 15
Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 1 : Simple Cylinder 3/14/2024 16
Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 2 : Simple Cylinder- Shuttle Valve Circuit 3/14/2024 17
Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 3 : Hydraulic Motor 3/14/2024 18
Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 4 : Pressure Reducing Valve – Operating two cylinder with variable Pressure 3/14/2024 19
Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 5 : Sequence Valve – Operating two cylinder in required sequence by using pressure 3/14/2024 20
Industrial Circuits – Regenerative Circuit 3/14/2024 21 • It is used to speed up the extending speed of the double acting cylinder. • The speed of extension in the regenerative circuit is greater than that for a regular double acting cylinder. • But the speed of retraction is similar to the regular double acting cylinder. • This is because oil flow from the rod end regenerates with the pump flow to provide a total flow rate, which is greater than the pump flow rate to the blank end of the cylinder.
Industrial Circuits – Sequencing Cylinder Circuit • Circuit 5 : Sequence Valve – Operating two cylinder in required sequence by using pressure 3/14/2024 22
Industrial Circuits – Automatic Reciprocation Circuit • The sequence valves can also be used to produce continuous reciprocation of a hydraulic cylinder. • This can be achieved by using two sequence valves and a pilot pressure operated spring-centered 4/3 DCV. 3/14/2024 23
Industrial Circuits – Synchronization Circuit • To accomplish the identical task from the cylinders at the same rate, synchronizing circuits are employed. • This is achieved by using double-end cylinders in series. 3/14/2024 24
Industrial Circuits – Fail-safe Circuit • Fail-safe circuit is designed to safeguard the operator, the machine and work piece. • These circuits prevent any possible injury to the operator or damage to the machine and the work piece. • It is also called as two handed safety circuit. 3/14/2024 25
Industrial Circuits – Pump Unloading Circuit • Replaces pressure relief valve with unloading valve. • Unloading valve is used to unload the pump. • Unloading valve unloads pump at ends of each extension/retraction 3/14/2024 26
Industrial Circuits – Speed Control Circuit • Achieves with pressure compensated flow control valve. • DCV is used to control the rotational direction of motor. • Pressure compensated flow control valve is used to control speed of the motor. 3/14/2024 27
Industrial Circuits – Double Pump Circuit • Uses two pumps – High Pressure Low flow pump and Low pressure high flow pump together • Eliminates necessity of High Pressure and High flow pump which is too high in cost. • Check Valve is for protecting high pressure pump on low pressure pump while return. 3/14/2024 28
Meter In Vs Meter Out Circuits 3/14/2024 29 Meter In Circuit Meter Out Circuit
Industrial Circuits – Mechanical Hydraulic Servo System Circuit • Uses Mechanical controlled Servo Valve 3/14/2024 30
Industrial Circuits – Hydrostatic Transmission Circuit • Uses Closed Circuit Drive • Exhaust oil is not sent to reservoir and directly sent to pump. • Pump speed is changed by using variable displacement pump. • Direction is changed by usage of reversible pump. • Madhav is genius 3/14/2024 31
Thank You 3/14/2024 32

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DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS AND APPLICATIONS.pptx

  • 1. Unit-II DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS MT2351 FLUID POWER SYSTEMS Prepared by: Dr. P. Balasundar, M.E., Ph.D., Assistant Professor (Senior Scale), Department of Mechatronics Engineering, KAMARAJ College of Engineering and Technology.
  • 2. DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS Accumulators, Intensifiers. Hydraulic circuits - Regenerative, Pump Unloading, Double pump, Air-over oil, Sequence, Fail- safe, Speed control, Electro hydraulic circuits. 2
  • 3. FLUID SYMBOLS • A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power components and systems on schematic drawings. • https://www.valmet.com/media/articles/up- and-running/reliability/FRFluidDwgs1/ • https://engineeringlibrary.org/reference/hydraul ics-graphic-symbols-for-fluid-power-diagrams- navy 3/14/2024 3
  • 4. Accumulators • Accumulator is a pressure vessel for storing hydraulic pressure in it utilizing compressible and de compressible nature of fluid. • So, it can be said that the accumulator has a similar function to the rechargeable electrical battery. • The most common application for an accumulator is supplementing the pump flow in a hydraulic system in which a high flow rate is required for a brief period of time. 3/14/2024 4
  • 5. Types of Accumulators 1. Weight loaded accumulator 2. Spring loaded accumulator 3. Gas charged accumulator 4. Piston type 5. Bladder type 6. Diaphragm type 3/14/2024 5
  • 6. Types of Accumulators 1. Weight loaded accumulator 2. Spring loaded accumulator 3. Gas charged accumulator 4. Piston type 5. Bladder type 6. Diaphragm type 3/14/2024 6
  • 7. Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 7
  • 8. Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 8
  • 9. Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 9
  • 10. Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 10
  • 11. Applications of Accumulators 1. Accumulator as leakage compensator 2. Accumulator as auxiliary power source 3. Accumulator as emergency power source 4. Accumulator as hydraulic shock absorber 3/14/2024 11
  • 12. Pressure Intensifier • Pressure Intensifier = Pressure Booster • Devices used to generate pressure greater than those achievable with standard hydraulic pumps alone. 3/14/2024 12
  • 13. Intensifier Circuit – Punching Press 3/14/2024 13 Punching Operation Both Clamping & Punching Operation
  • 14. Industrial Circuits • Regenerative circuit • Sequence • Automatic cylinder reciprocating system • Synchronization • Fail-Safe • Pressure Intensifier • Air-over oil • Pump Unloading • Double- Pump • Speed Control • Hydrostatic transmission • Electro hydraulic circuits • Mechanical hydraulic servo systems 3/14/2024 14
  • 16. Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 1 : Simple Cylinder 3/14/2024 16
  • 17. Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 2 : Simple Cylinder- Shuttle Valve Circuit 3/14/2024 17
  • 18. Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 3 : Hydraulic Motor 3/14/2024 18
  • 19. Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 4 : Pressure Reducing Valve – Operating two cylinder with variable Pressure 3/14/2024 19
  • 20. Some Sample Hydraulic Circuits • Circuit 5 : Sequence Valve – Operating two cylinder in required sequence by using pressure 3/14/2024 20
  • 21. Industrial Circuits – Regenerative Circuit 3/14/2024 21 • It is used to speed up the extending speed of the double acting cylinder. • The speed of extension in the regenerative circuit is greater than that for a regular double acting cylinder. • But the speed of retraction is similar to the regular double acting cylinder. • This is because oil flow from the rod end regenerates with the pump flow to provide a total flow rate, which is greater than the pump flow rate to the blank end of the cylinder.
  • 22. Industrial Circuits – Sequencing Cylinder Circuit • Circuit 5 : Sequence Valve – Operating two cylinder in required sequence by using pressure 3/14/2024 22
  • 23. Industrial Circuits – Automatic Reciprocation Circuit • The sequence valves can also be used to produce continuous reciprocation of a hydraulic cylinder. • This can be achieved by using two sequence valves and a pilot pressure operated spring-centered 4/3 DCV. 3/14/2024 23
  • 24. Industrial Circuits – Synchronization Circuit • To accomplish the identical task from the cylinders at the same rate, synchronizing circuits are employed. • This is achieved by using double-end cylinders in series. 3/14/2024 24
  • 25. Industrial Circuits – Fail-safe Circuit • Fail-safe circuit is designed to safeguard the operator, the machine and work piece. • These circuits prevent any possible injury to the operator or damage to the machine and the work piece. • It is also called as two handed safety circuit. 3/14/2024 25
  • 26. Industrial Circuits – Pump Unloading Circuit • Replaces pressure relief valve with unloading valve. • Unloading valve is used to unload the pump. • Unloading valve unloads pump at ends of each extension/retraction 3/14/2024 26
  • 27. Industrial Circuits – Speed Control Circuit • Achieves with pressure compensated flow control valve. • DCV is used to control the rotational direction of motor. • Pressure compensated flow control valve is used to control speed of the motor. 3/14/2024 27
  • 28. Industrial Circuits – Double Pump Circuit • Uses two pumps – High Pressure Low flow pump and Low pressure high flow pump together • Eliminates necessity of High Pressure and High flow pump which is too high in cost. • Check Valve is for protecting high pressure pump on low pressure pump while return. 3/14/2024 28
  • 29. Meter In Vs Meter Out Circuits 3/14/2024 29 Meter In Circuit Meter Out Circuit
  • 30. Industrial Circuits – Mechanical Hydraulic Servo System Circuit • Uses Mechanical controlled Servo Valve 3/14/2024 30
  • 31. Industrial Circuits – Hydrostatic Transmission Circuit • Uses Closed Circuit Drive • Exhaust oil is not sent to reservoir and directly sent to pump. • Pump speed is changed by using variable displacement pump. • Direction is changed by usage of reversible pump. • Madhav is genius 3/14/2024 31