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Di畛N N
CNG TC X H畛I
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Analysis /n脱lsis/ (n): s畛 ph但n t鱈ch
Analyser /脱lnaiz / (n): d畛ng c畛 ph但n t鱈ch, m叩y
ph但n t鱈ch
* Assessment (n): s畛 叩nh gi叩
* Solutions /s'lu:n/ : gi畉i ph叩p
Solutionist /s'lu:nist/(n): ng動畛i chuy棚n gi畉i
nh畛ng c但u 畛
* Planning : l畉p k畉 hoach, s畛 quy ho畉ch
Planer /'pl脱n/ (n): ng動畛i l畉p k畉 ho畉ch
Planned /pl脱nd/ (adj): c坦 k畉 ho畉ch
planned production: s畉n xu畉t c坦 k畉 ho畉ch
*Evaluation AND TERMINATION
l動畛ng gi叩 v k畉t th炭c giai o畉n

s畛 叩nh gi叩
s畛 l動畛ng gi叩
Modification or
termination or transfer of
action:
s畛a 畛i ch畉m d畛t ho畉c
chuy畛n nh動畛ng hnh 畛ng
VOCABULARY

Modification /,
m difi'kei n/
(n): s畛 thay 畛i
Modificatory
(adj) d畛 s畛a
畛i, d畛 thay
畛i
Evaluation /i,v脱lju'ei n/
(n): s畛 l動畛ng gi叩, s畛 叩nh gi叩
Evaluate /i'v脱ljueit/
(v): 動畛c l動畛ng, 叩nh gi叩
Termination /,t:mi'nei n/
(n): s畛 k畉t th炭c
Terminally /卒t:minli/
(adv): t畉n c湛ng, k畉t th炭c
Terminative /卒t:mintiv/
(adj): cu畛i c湛ng, k畉t th炭c
Stage /ste肘 d /
(n): giai o畉n
Transfer /tr脱ns'f :(r)/ or /'tr脱nsf /
(n): s畛 i chuy畛n
Transfection (n): s畛 chuy畛n nhi畛m, s畛 truy畛n nhi畛m
ASSETS-BASED Com.Dv (ABCD)
Ph叩t tri畛 n c畛 ng 畛 ng d畛 a tr棚n c叩c ngu畛 n l畛 c
*

It is an approach to
community-based
development, based on
the principles of:
Appreciating and
mobilizing individual
and community
talents, skills and
assets

坦 l ph動董ng ph叩p ph叩t
tri畛n c畛ng 畛ng d畛a vo
n畛i l畛c theo c叩c nguy棚n
t畉c sau: 叩nh gi叩 cao v
huy 畛ng c叩c ti nng,
k畛 nng v ti s畉n c畛a c叩
nh但n v c畛ng 畛ng

rather than focusing on proplems and needs):炭ng
h董n l t畉p trung vo c叩c v畉n 畛 v nhu c畉u.
Assets /'脱set/(n): ti s畉n
Based /beis/ (n): n畛n t畉ng
Approach /卒prout/(n): s畛 畉n g畉n, s畛 ti畉p c畉n
Approachable /卒proutbl/(adj): c坦 th畛 l畉i g畉n
Principles /卒prinspl/(n): nguy棚n t畉c
Principled /卒prinspld/ (adj): c坦 nguy棚n t畉c, theo nguy棚n t畉c, thnh
nguy棚n t畉c
Principium /prin卒sipi:m/(n): nguy棚n t畉c c董 b畉n
Appreciate /卒pri:ieit/( (v): 叩nh gi叩 cao
Appreciation /卒pri:i'ein/(n): s畛 叩nh gi叩
Appreciable /卒pri:iebl/(adj): c坦 th畛 叩nh gi叩 動畛c
Appreciative /卒pri:tiv/(adj): bi畉t 叩nh gi叩, bi畉t th動畛ng th畛c
Mobilize /卒mbilaiz/ (v): 畛ng vi棚n
Mobilization /,mbilai卒zein/ (n) : s畛 huy 畛ng, s畛 畛ng vi棚n
Talent /'t脱lnt/ (n): ti nng
Focusing /'fkst/ (v): t畉p trung
Focus /'fks/ (n): ti棚u i畛m, trung t但m, tr畛ng i畛m
 HOW IS ABCD FACILITATED?
Ph動董ng ph叩p d畛a vo n畛i l畛c 動畛c
ti畉n hnh nh動 th畉 no?
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Building a community vision and plan
X但y d畛ng m畛t t畉m nh狸n v k畉 hoach c畛ng 畛ng

VISIO
N

PLAN
Leveraging activities, investments and
resources from outside the community
C叩c ho畉t 畛ng
th炭c 畉y 畉u t動
v ngu畛n l畛c b棚n
ngoi c畛ng 畛ng

Investments
S畛 畉u t動

Resources
Ngu畛n l畛c
Collection (n) [k'lekn]
s畛 g坦p nh畉t; s畛 thu gom;
s畛 s動u t畉m
Collect (v) /k'lekt/: thu gom l畉i, quy棚n g坦p,
thu th畉p, t畛 h畛p l畉i
Collected (adj) [k'lektid]b狸nh t挑nh, t畛 ch畛
Collective (adj) [k'lektiv]
t畉p th畛; chung (ng担n ng畛 h畛c) t畉p h畛p (ng担n ng畛
h畛c) danh t畛 t畉p h畛p
Collective leadership: l達nh 畉o t畉p th畛
Collective bargaining (n): cu畛c th畛a thu畉n t畉p th畛
Organization (n) [,:gnai'zein]
s畛 t畛 ch畛c,s畛 c畉u t畉o t畛 ch畛c
C董 quan

Organizer (-iser) (n) [':gnaiz(r)]
ng動畛i t畛 ch畛c (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) ng動畛i t畛 ch畛c nghi畛p on
Organize (-ise) (v) [':gnaiz]
t畛 ch畛c, c畉u t畉o, thi畉t l畉p (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) l畉p thnh nghi畛p
on, 動a vo nghi畛p on thnh l畉p t畛 ch畛c (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a
M畛) thnh l畉p nghi畛p on, gia nh畉p nghi畛p on
Organizing (v): t畛 ch畛c, c畉u t畉o
Organized [':gnaizid]
c坦 tr畉t t畛, ngn n畉p, h畛u hi畛u 動畛c s畉p x畉p, chu畉n b畛 c坦
ch但n trong nghi畛p on (v畛 c担ng nh但n)
Core (n) [k:]
l探i, h畉ch (qu畉 t叩o, qu畉 l棚...) i畛m trung t但m, n嘆ng c畛t,
h畉t nh但n l探i d但y th畛ng (k畛 thu畉t) n嘆ng, l探i, ru 畛t (ngh挑a
b坦ng) 叩y l嘆ng, th但m t但m, n董i th畉m k鱈n nh畉t
The core of a nuclear reactor: trung t但m l嘆 ph畉n 畛ng h畉t
nh但n
To the core: hon thnh, hon h畉o, ch鱈nh c畛ng
Hes English to the core: h畉n l ng動畛i Anh ch鱈nh c畛ng
Capacity (n) [k'p脱siti]  s畛 nhi畛u: capacitise
(1) kh畉 nng ch畛a 畛ng c叩i g狸; s畛c ch畛a kh畉 nng s畉n xu畉t c叩i g狸;
c担ng su畉t (capacity for something) kh畉 nng t畉o ra, tr畉i qua, hi畛u,
h畛c c叩i g狸 (i畛n h畛c) i畛n dung
Ex: The hall has a seating capacity of 500: s畉nh 動畛ng c坦 s畛c ch畛a
500 ng動畛i
(2) t動 c叩ch, quy畛n h畉n
Ex: Im your friend but in my capacity as your manager I must ask
you to resign: t担i l b畉n anh, nh動ng v畛i t動 c叩ch l qu畉n l箪 c畛a
anh,t担i bu畛c ph畉i y棚u c畉u anh t畛 ch畛c
Asset (n) /'脱set/ (s畛 nhi畛u) ti s畉n (c畛a m畛t
ng動畛i hay m畛t c担ng ty) c坦 th畛 d湛ng 畛 tr畉 n畛( s畛
nhi畛u) c畛a c畉i, ti s畉n, v畉t thu畛c quy畛n s畛 h畛u
(th担ng t畛c) v畛n qu箪, v畉t c坦 鱈ch, v畉t qu箪
Good health is a great asset: s畛c kh畛e l v畛n qu箪
nh畉t
Individual (adj)
/,indi'vidjul/
ri棚ng l畉, c叩 nh但n,
m畛t m狸nh, ri棚ng
l畉, c叩 th畛 thu畛c
v畛 ho畉c cho m畛t
ng動畛i do ho畉c t畛
m畛t ng動畛i 畛c
叩o, ri棚ng bi畛t,
畉c bi畛t m畛t con
ng動畛i ri棚ng; c叩
nh但n

An individual
style of speaking:
l畛i n坦i chuy畛n 畛c
叩o
Individual (n) c叩
nh但n, ng動畛i
The basic rights of
the individual:
quy畛n c董 b畉n c叩
nh但n
example

Association (n) /,sousi'ein/ :
hi畛p h畛i, 嘆an th畛

The Automobile Association:
hi畛p h畛i 担 t担

Association (n) (with sb/sth) s畛 k畉t h畛p, s畛 li棚n k畉t
Our company is working in association with an Italian company:
c担ng ty c畛a ch炭ng t担i ang h畛p t叩c v畛i m畛t c担ng ty c畛a 
Associate (v) ['souiit]
Associate sb/sth with sth: li棚n t動畛ng, li棚n k畉t
We associate springtime with apple blossom: ch炭ng t担i li棚n t動畛ng
m湛a xu但n v畛i m湛a hoa t叩o n畛
Associate with sb: k畉t giao v畛i, k畉t b畉n v畛i, giao thi畛p v畛i
Dont associate with dishonest boys: 畛ng giao thi畛p v畛i nh畛ng
畛a b畉t l動董ng
Community (n) [k'mju:niti]
ton th畛 nh但n d但n 畛 m畛t 畛a ph動董ng, qu畉n, huy畛n, khu
ph畛, t畛nh...; c畛ng 畛ngph動畛ng; h畛i; ph叩i (nh坦m ng動畛i c湛ng
(t担n gi叩o), c湛ng qu畛c t畛ch...) t狸nh tr畉ng c湛ng nhau chia s畉,
c坦 nh畛ng i畛m gi畛ng nhau v畛 m畛t ph動董ng di畛n no 坦
Ex:
Work for the good of the community: lm vi畛c v狸 l畛i 鱈ch c畛a
nh但n d但n
Local (adj) /'loukl/ 畛a ph動董ng ,thu畛c v畛 m畛t n董i no 坦
The local newspaper: b叩o 畛a ph動董ng
Local government: ch鱈nh quy畛n 畛a ph動董ng
Local time: gi畛 畛a ph動董ng
Institution (n) /,insti'tju:n s畛 thnh l畉p, s畛 m畛/c董 quan/th畛 ch畉/ng動畛i
quen thu畛c
Institutional (adj) [,insti'tju:nl]
(thu畛c) c董 quan, c坦 t鱈nh ch畉t l c董 quan (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) v畛i m畛c 鱈ch
g但y ti畉ng h董n l 畛 b叩n h畉ng ngy (qu畉ng c叩o) (t担n gi叩o) (thu畛c) t畛
ch畛c, (thu畛c) h畛i t畛 thi畛n
Build (v) [bild]
s畛 x但y d畛ng ki畛u ki畉n tr炭c kh畛 ng動畛i t畉m v坦c x但y d畛ng, x但y c畉t; d畛ng
n棚n, l畉p n棚n, lm n棚n
Building (n) /'bildi紐/ ki畉n tr炭c s動, s畛 x但y d畛ng vision /'vi覆n/ s畛 nh狸n,
s畛c nh狸n
mobilize (v) /'moubilaiz/ C叩ch vi畉t kh叩c : (mobilise) /'moubilaiZ/ huy
畛ng, 畛ng vi棚n  mobilizing (v)
mobilize support for a new project: huy 畛ng s畛 畛ng h畛 畛 x但y d畛ng d畛
Link [li侶k] sth (together) (n): k畉t h畛p l畉i, li棚n k畉t l畉i
linking (n) ['li侶ki侶]: s畛 n畛i l畉i, s畛 li棚n k畉t
investments (n) /in'vestmnt/ s畛 畉u t動, v畛n 畉u t動
outside (n) /'aut'said/ b畛 ngoi,b棚n ngoi
Outsider (n) [,aut'said(r)]
ng動畛i ngoi cu畛c; ng動畛i kh担ng th畛 cho nh畉p b畛n ng動畛i
kh担ng c湛ng ngh畛; ng動畛i kh担ng chuy棚n m担n 畉u th畛 鱈t c坦
kh畉 nng th畉ng; ng畛a ua 鱈t c坦 kh畉 nng th畉ng.
resource (n) [ri's:s ; ri'z:s]
(s畛 nhi畛u) ti nguy棚n s畛 th叩o v叩t ho畉c tinh 箪; s叩ng ki畉n; ti
xoay x畛; ti th叩o v叩t ngu畛n vui; ni畛m an 畛i; s畛 khu但y kho畉,
s畛 gi畉i tr鱈, s畛 ti棚u khi畛n ph動董ng s叩ch.ph動董ng k畉 ,th畛 o畉n
Resourceful (adj) [ri's:sful]
c坦 ti xoay x畛; th叩o v叩t, c坦 nng l畛c, ngh畛 l畛c
economic (adj) /,i:k'nmik/ kinh t畉/ mang l畛i, c坦 l畛i vi畛c kinh doanh/
r畉 ti畛n
the governments economic policy is very reasonable: ch鱈nh s叩ch kinh t畉
c畛a h鱈nh ph畛 r畉t h畛p l箪
economical (adj) [,i:k'nmikl]
th畉n tr畛ng trong vi畛c chi ti棚u ti畛n, th畛i gian.. v trong vi畛c s畛 d畛ng c叩c
ngu畛n ti畛m l畛c, kh担ng l達ng ph鱈; ti畉t ki畛m
Economically (ph坦 t畛) [,i:k'nmikli]
v畛 ph動董ng di畛n kinh t畉, v畛 m畉t kinh t畉
Economics (n) [,i:k'nmiks]: n畛n kinh t畉, khoa kinh t畉 ch鱈nh tr畛
Economist (n) [i:'knmist]
nh kinh t畉 h畛c, ng動畛i chi ti棚u ti畉t ki畛m
economize (-ise) (v) [i:'knmaiz]
(to economize on something) ti畉t ki畛m
She is economizing on bus fares by walking more: c担 畉y ti畉t ki畛m ti畛n i
xe bus b畉ng c叩ch i b畛 nhi畛u h董n
Economy (n) [i:'knmi]
s畛 ki畛m so叩t v qu畉n l箪 ti畛n, ti畛m l畛c c畛a m畛t c畛ng 畛ng, x達 h畛i, gia
狸nh.......s畛 ti畉t ki畛m (th狸 gi畛, ti畛n c畛a...) ( the economy) ho畉t 畛ng v
vi畛c qu畉n l箪 cung c畉p ti畛n, th動董ng m畉i v c担ng nghi畛p c畛a m畛t 畉t n動畛c
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

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COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

  • 1. Di畛N N CNG TC X H畛I
  • 4. Analysis /n脱lsis/ (n): s畛 ph但n t鱈ch Analyser /脱lnaiz / (n): d畛ng c畛 ph但n t鱈ch, m叩y ph但n t鱈ch * Assessment (n): s畛 叩nh gi叩 * Solutions /s'lu:n/ : gi畉i ph叩p Solutionist /s'lu:nist/(n): ng動畛i chuy棚n gi畉i nh畛ng c但u 畛 * Planning : l畉p k畉 hoach, s畛 quy ho畉ch Planer /'pl脱n/ (n): ng動畛i l畉p k畉 ho畉ch Planned /pl脱nd/ (adj): c坦 k畉 ho畉ch planned production: s畉n xu畉t c坦 k畉 ho畉ch
  • 5. *Evaluation AND TERMINATION l動畛ng gi叩 v k畉t th炭c giai o畉n s畛 叩nh gi叩 s畛 l動畛ng gi叩
  • 6. Modification or termination or transfer of action: s畛a 畛i ch畉m d畛t ho畉c chuy畛n nh動畛ng hnh 畛ng
  • 7. VOCABULARY Modification /, m difi'kei n/ (n): s畛 thay 畛i Modificatory (adj) d畛 s畛a 畛i, d畛 thay 畛i
  • 8. Evaluation /i,v脱lju'ei n/ (n): s畛 l動畛ng gi叩, s畛 叩nh gi叩 Evaluate /i'v脱ljueit/ (v): 動畛c l動畛ng, 叩nh gi叩 Termination /,t:mi'nei n/ (n): s畛 k畉t th炭c Terminally /卒t:minli/ (adv): t畉n c湛ng, k畉t th炭c Terminative /卒t:mintiv/ (adj): cu畛i c湛ng, k畉t th炭c Stage /ste肘 d / (n): giai o畉n Transfer /tr脱ns'f :(r)/ or /'tr脱nsf / (n): s畛 i chuy畛n Transfection (n): s畛 chuy畛n nhi畛m, s畛 truy畛n nhi畛m
  • 9. ASSETS-BASED Com.Dv (ABCD) Ph叩t tri畛 n c畛 ng 畛 ng d畛 a tr棚n c叩c ngu畛 n l畛 c * It is an approach to community-based development, based on the principles of: Appreciating and mobilizing individual and community talents, skills and assets 坦 l ph動董ng ph叩p ph叩t tri畛n c畛ng 畛ng d畛a vo n畛i l畛c theo c叩c nguy棚n t畉c sau: 叩nh gi叩 cao v huy 畛ng c叩c ti nng, k畛 nng v ti s畉n c畛a c叩 nh但n v c畛ng 畛ng rather than focusing on proplems and needs):炭ng h董n l t畉p trung vo c叩c v畉n 畛 v nhu c畉u.
  • 10. Assets /'脱set/(n): ti s畉n Based /beis/ (n): n畛n t畉ng Approach /卒prout/(n): s畛 畉n g畉n, s畛 ti畉p c畉n Approachable /卒proutbl/(adj): c坦 th畛 l畉i g畉n Principles /卒prinspl/(n): nguy棚n t畉c Principled /卒prinspld/ (adj): c坦 nguy棚n t畉c, theo nguy棚n t畉c, thnh nguy棚n t畉c Principium /prin卒sipi:m/(n): nguy棚n t畉c c董 b畉n Appreciate /卒pri:ieit/( (v): 叩nh gi叩 cao Appreciation /卒pri:i'ein/(n): s畛 叩nh gi叩 Appreciable /卒pri:iebl/(adj): c坦 th畛 叩nh gi叩 動畛c Appreciative /卒pri:tiv/(adj): bi畉t 叩nh gi叩, bi畉t th動畛ng th畛c Mobilize /卒mbilaiz/ (v): 畛ng vi棚n Mobilization /,mbilai卒zein/ (n) : s畛 huy 畛ng, s畛 畛ng vi棚n Talent /'t脱lnt/ (n): ti nng Focusing /'fkst/ (v): t畉p trung Focus /'fks/ (n): ti棚u i畛m, trung t但m, tr畛ng i畛m
  • 11. HOW IS ABCD FACILITATED? Ph動董ng ph叩p d畛a vo n畛i l畛c 動畛c ti畉n hnh nh動 th畉 no?
  • 13. Building a community vision and plan X但y d畛ng m畛t t畉m nh狸n v k畉 hoach c畛ng 畛ng VISIO N PLAN
  • 14. Leveraging activities, investments and resources from outside the community C叩c ho畉t 畛ng th炭c 畉y 畉u t動 v ngu畛n l畛c b棚n ngoi c畛ng 畛ng Investments S畛 畉u t動 Resources Ngu畛n l畛c
  • 15. Collection (n) [k'lekn] s畛 g坦p nh畉t; s畛 thu gom; s畛 s動u t畉m Collect (v) /k'lekt/: thu gom l畉i, quy棚n g坦p, thu th畉p, t畛 h畛p l畉i Collected (adj) [k'lektid]b狸nh t挑nh, t畛 ch畛 Collective (adj) [k'lektiv] t畉p th畛; chung (ng担n ng畛 h畛c) t畉p h畛p (ng担n ng畛 h畛c) danh t畛 t畉p h畛p Collective leadership: l達nh 畉o t畉p th畛 Collective bargaining (n): cu畛c th畛a thu畉n t畉p th畛
  • 16. Organization (n) [,:gnai'zein] s畛 t畛 ch畛c,s畛 c畉u t畉o t畛 ch畛c C董 quan Organizer (-iser) (n) [':gnaiz(r)] ng動畛i t畛 ch畛c (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) ng動畛i t畛 ch畛c nghi畛p on Organize (-ise) (v) [':gnaiz] t畛 ch畛c, c畉u t畉o, thi畉t l畉p (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) l畉p thnh nghi畛p on, 動a vo nghi畛p on thnh l畉p t畛 ch畛c (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) thnh l畉p nghi畛p on, gia nh畉p nghi畛p on Organizing (v): t畛 ch畛c, c畉u t畉o Organized [':gnaizid] c坦 tr畉t t畛, ngn n畉p, h畛u hi畛u 動畛c s畉p x畉p, chu畉n b畛 c坦 ch但n trong nghi畛p on (v畛 c担ng nh但n)
  • 17. Core (n) [k:] l探i, h畉ch (qu畉 t叩o, qu畉 l棚...) i畛m trung t但m, n嘆ng c畛t, h畉t nh但n l探i d但y th畛ng (k畛 thu畉t) n嘆ng, l探i, ru 畛t (ngh挑a b坦ng) 叩y l嘆ng, th但m t但m, n董i th畉m k鱈n nh畉t The core of a nuclear reactor: trung t但m l嘆 ph畉n 畛ng h畉t nh但n To the core: hon thnh, hon h畉o, ch鱈nh c畛ng Hes English to the core: h畉n l ng動畛i Anh ch鱈nh c畛ng
  • 18. Capacity (n) [k'p脱siti] s畛 nhi畛u: capacitise (1) kh畉 nng ch畛a 畛ng c叩i g狸; s畛c ch畛a kh畉 nng s畉n xu畉t c叩i g狸; c担ng su畉t (capacity for something) kh畉 nng t畉o ra, tr畉i qua, hi畛u, h畛c c叩i g狸 (i畛n h畛c) i畛n dung Ex: The hall has a seating capacity of 500: s畉nh 動畛ng c坦 s畛c ch畛a 500 ng動畛i (2) t動 c叩ch, quy畛n h畉n Ex: Im your friend but in my capacity as your manager I must ask you to resign: t担i l b畉n anh, nh動ng v畛i t動 c叩ch l qu畉n l箪 c畛a anh,t担i bu畛c ph畉i y棚u c畉u anh t畛 ch畛c
  • 19. Asset (n) /'脱set/ (s畛 nhi畛u) ti s畉n (c畛a m畛t ng動畛i hay m畛t c担ng ty) c坦 th畛 d湛ng 畛 tr畉 n畛( s畛 nhi畛u) c畛a c畉i, ti s畉n, v畉t thu畛c quy畛n s畛 h畛u (th担ng t畛c) v畛n qu箪, v畉t c坦 鱈ch, v畉t qu箪 Good health is a great asset: s畛c kh畛e l v畛n qu箪 nh畉t
  • 20. Individual (adj) /,indi'vidjul/ ri棚ng l畉, c叩 nh但n, m畛t m狸nh, ri棚ng l畉, c叩 th畛 thu畛c v畛 ho畉c cho m畛t ng動畛i do ho畉c t畛 m畛t ng動畛i 畛c 叩o, ri棚ng bi畛t, 畉c bi畛t m畛t con ng動畛i ri棚ng; c叩 nh但n An individual style of speaking: l畛i n坦i chuy畛n 畛c 叩o Individual (n) c叩 nh但n, ng動畛i The basic rights of the individual: quy畛n c董 b畉n c叩 nh但n
  • 21. example Association (n) /,sousi'ein/ : hi畛p h畛i, 嘆an th畛 The Automobile Association: hi畛p h畛i 担 t担 Association (n) (with sb/sth) s畛 k畉t h畛p, s畛 li棚n k畉t Our company is working in association with an Italian company: c担ng ty c畛a ch炭ng t担i ang h畛p t叩c v畛i m畛t c担ng ty c畛a Associate (v) ['souiit] Associate sb/sth with sth: li棚n t動畛ng, li棚n k畉t We associate springtime with apple blossom: ch炭ng t担i li棚n t動畛ng m湛a xu但n v畛i m湛a hoa t叩o n畛 Associate with sb: k畉t giao v畛i, k畉t b畉n v畛i, giao thi畛p v畛i Dont associate with dishonest boys: 畛ng giao thi畛p v畛i nh畛ng 畛a b畉t l動董ng
  • 22. Community (n) [k'mju:niti] ton th畛 nh但n d但n 畛 m畛t 畛a ph動董ng, qu畉n, huy畛n, khu ph畛, t畛nh...; c畛ng 畛ngph動畛ng; h畛i; ph叩i (nh坦m ng動畛i c湛ng (t担n gi叩o), c湛ng qu畛c t畛ch...) t狸nh tr畉ng c湛ng nhau chia s畉, c坦 nh畛ng i畛m gi畛ng nhau v畛 m畛t ph動董ng di畛n no 坦 Ex: Work for the good of the community: lm vi畛c v狸 l畛i 鱈ch c畛a nh但n d但n
  • 23. Local (adj) /'loukl/ 畛a ph動董ng ,thu畛c v畛 m畛t n董i no 坦 The local newspaper: b叩o 畛a ph動董ng Local government: ch鱈nh quy畛n 畛a ph動董ng Local time: gi畛 畛a ph動董ng Institution (n) /,insti'tju:n s畛 thnh l畉p, s畛 m畛/c董 quan/th畛 ch畉/ng動畛i quen thu畛c Institutional (adj) [,insti'tju:nl] (thu畛c) c董 quan, c坦 t鱈nh ch畉t l c董 quan (t畛 M畛,ngh挑a M畛) v畛i m畛c 鱈ch g但y ti畉ng h董n l 畛 b叩n h畉ng ngy (qu畉ng c叩o) (t担n gi叩o) (thu畛c) t畛 ch畛c, (thu畛c) h畛i t畛 thi畛n Build (v) [bild] s畛 x但y d畛ng ki畛u ki畉n tr炭c kh畛 ng動畛i t畉m v坦c x但y d畛ng, x但y c畉t; d畛ng n棚n, l畉p n棚n, lm n棚n Building (n) /'bildi紐/ ki畉n tr炭c s動, s畛 x但y d畛ng vision /'vi覆n/ s畛 nh狸n, s畛c nh狸n mobilize (v) /'moubilaiz/ C叩ch vi畉t kh叩c : (mobilise) /'moubilaiZ/ huy 畛ng, 畛ng vi棚n mobilizing (v) mobilize support for a new project: huy 畛ng s畛 畛ng h畛 畛 x但y d畛ng d畛
  • 24. Link [li侶k] sth (together) (n): k畉t h畛p l畉i, li棚n k畉t l畉i linking (n) ['li侶ki侶]: s畛 n畛i l畉i, s畛 li棚n k畉t investments (n) /in'vestmnt/ s畛 畉u t動, v畛n 畉u t動 outside (n) /'aut'said/ b畛 ngoi,b棚n ngoi Outsider (n) [,aut'said(r)] ng動畛i ngoi cu畛c; ng動畛i kh担ng th畛 cho nh畉p b畛n ng動畛i kh担ng c湛ng ngh畛; ng動畛i kh担ng chuy棚n m担n 畉u th畛 鱈t c坦 kh畉 nng th畉ng; ng畛a ua 鱈t c坦 kh畉 nng th畉ng. resource (n) [ri's:s ; ri'z:s] (s畛 nhi畛u) ti nguy棚n s畛 th叩o v叩t ho畉c tinh 箪; s叩ng ki畉n; ti xoay x畛; ti th叩o v叩t ngu畛n vui; ni畛m an 畛i; s畛 khu但y kho畉, s畛 gi畉i tr鱈, s畛 ti棚u khi畛n ph動董ng s叩ch.ph動董ng k畉 ,th畛 o畉n Resourceful (adj) [ri's:sful] c坦 ti xoay x畛; th叩o v叩t, c坦 nng l畛c, ngh畛 l畛c
  • 25. economic (adj) /,i:k'nmik/ kinh t畉/ mang l畛i, c坦 l畛i vi畛c kinh doanh/ r畉 ti畛n the governments economic policy is very reasonable: ch鱈nh s叩ch kinh t畉 c畛a h鱈nh ph畛 r畉t h畛p l箪 economical (adj) [,i:k'nmikl] th畉n tr畛ng trong vi畛c chi ti棚u ti畛n, th畛i gian.. v trong vi畛c s畛 d畛ng c叩c ngu畛n ti畛m l畛c, kh担ng l達ng ph鱈; ti畉t ki畛m Economically (ph坦 t畛) [,i:k'nmikli] v畛 ph動董ng di畛n kinh t畉, v畛 m畉t kinh t畉 Economics (n) [,i:k'nmiks]: n畛n kinh t畉, khoa kinh t畉 ch鱈nh tr畛 Economist (n) [i:'knmist] nh kinh t畉 h畛c, ng動畛i chi ti棚u ti畉t ki畛m economize (-ise) (v) [i:'knmaiz] (to economize on something) ti畉t ki畛m She is economizing on bus fares by walking more: c担 畉y ti畉t ki畛m ti畛n i xe bus b畉ng c叩ch i b畛 nhi畛u h董n Economy (n) [i:'knmi] s畛 ki畛m so叩t v qu畉n l箪 ti畛n, ti畛m l畛c c畛a m畛t c畛ng 畛ng, x達 h畛i, gia 狸nh.......s畛 ti畉t ki畛m (th狸 gi畛, ti畛n c畛a...) ( the economy) ho畉t 畛ng v vi畛c qu畉n l箪 cung c畉p ti畛n, th動董ng m畉i v c担ng nghi畛p c畛a m畛t 畉t n動畛c