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The main components of a crude distillation column include a vertical shell containing internals like trays or packing to facilitate separation, a reboiler to provide vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense vapors, and a reflux drum to hold condensed vapors. The column internals can include various types of trays like valve, bubble cap, chimney, and sieve trays as well as packing like random, structured, and grid packing to enhance contact between vapors and liquids undergoing distillation.Read less