DKA(1).pptx
- 9. DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS (DKA) Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the state of uncontrolled catabolism associated with insulin deficiency, resulting in hyperglycaemia (RBS >11mmol/L), osmotic diuresis, and dehydration and ketonaemia (>3mmol/L) Acidaemia (blood pH <7.3), significant ketonuria (2+or more or standard urinalysis). It is the commonest endocrine emergency usually encountered in previously diagnosed diabetics.
- 20. Investigations Random glucose U/E, Creatinine LFTs FBC Malaria parasite Urinalysis Urine m/c/s Arterial blood gases
- 23. Treatment General resuscitation: A, B, C. Airway: Ensure that airway is patent. If comatose, insert an airway. If comatose and has recently vomited, insert a NGT, aspirate and leave on open drainage. Breathing: Give 100% oxygen where indicated. Bag and mask ventilation if apnoeic.
- 24. Treatment Circulation: Insert two large bore IV cannulae and take blood samples. If shocked (Tachycardia with poor capillary refill time or hypotension) give 20 ml/kg 0.9 saline as quickly as possible, and repeat if necessary up to a max of 60mls/kg.
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