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DR. RAVICHANDRAN Dalit Lit Lesson (1).pptx

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Dr. K. Ravichandran Associate Professor Department of English Thiruvalluvar University Vellore-632 115
II MA English Dalit Literature
Annihilation of Caste -Dr. B.R Ambedkar
Annihilation of Caste: The Annotated Critical Edition Annihilation of Caste is an audacious denunciation of Hinduism and its caste system. In 1936, a Hindu reformist group invited Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to deliver its annual lecture. When it read an advance copy of the text of the speech, the group found the contents "unbearable" and rescinded its invitation. Ambedkar published the text on his own. It offers a scholarly critique of the Vedas and shastras- scriptures the Hindus regard as sacred, scriptures that sanction the worlds most hierarchical and iniquitous social system. The worlds best known Hindu, Mahatma Gandhi, responded to the provocation. The hatchet was never buried.
This extensively annotated edition of Annihilation of Caste is introduced by Arundhati Roy. Her introduction, The Doctor and the Saint, looks at the ways in which caste plays out in modern India and how the conflict between Ambedkar and Gandhi continues to resonate into the present day. It takes us to the beginning of Gandhi's political career in South Africa, where his views on race, caste and imperialism were shaped. It tracks Ambedkars emergence as a major political figure in the national movement and shows how his scholarship and intelligence illuminated a political struggle beset by sectarianism and obscurantism.
Constitutional morality is not a natural sentiment. It has to be cultivated. We must realise that our people have yet to learn it. Democracy in India is only a top-dressing on an Indian soil which is essentially undemocratic. A just society is that society in which ascending sense of reverence and descending sense of contempt is dissolved into the creation of a compassionate society
their religion by the use of the sword. They also ridicule Christianity on the score of the Inquisition. But really speaking, who is better and more worthy of our respectthe Mahomedans and Christians who attempted to thrust down the throats of unwilling persons what they regarded as necessary for their salvation, or the Hindu who would not spread the light, who would endeavour to keep others in darkness, who would not consent to share his intellectual and social inheritance with those who are ready and willing to make it a part of their own make- up? I have no hesitation in saying that if the Mahomedan has been cruel, the Hindu has been mean; and meanness is worse than cruelty.
I do not know whether you draw a distinction between principles and rules. But I do... Rules are practical; they are habitual ways of doing things according to prescription. But principles are intellectual; they are useful methods of judging things... The principle may be wrong, but the act is conscious and responsible. The rule may be right, but the act is mechanical. A religious act may not be a correct act, but must at least be a responsible act. To permit this responsibility, religion must mainly be a matter of principles only. It cannot be a matter of rules. The moment it degenerates into rules it ceases to be religion, as it kills the responsibility which is the essence of a truly religious act.
金the outcaste is a bye-product of the caste system. There will be outcastes as long as there are castes. Nothing can emancipate the outcaste except the destruction of the caste system. 金Caste is another name for control. Caste puts a limit on enjoyment. Caste does not allow a person to transgress caste limits in pursuit of his enjoyment. That is the meaning of such caste restrictions as inter- dining and inter-marriage These being my views I am opposed to all those who are out to destroy the Caste System.
奄Once you clear the minds of the people of this misconception and enable them to realise that what they are told is religion is not religion, but that it is really law, you will be in a position to urge its amendment or abolition. 奄I refuse to join with them in performing the miracle I will not say trickof liberating the oppressed with the gold of the tyrant, and raising the poor with the cash of the rich.
Democracy is not merely a form of Government...It is essentially an attitude of respect and reverence towards fellowmen. Religion, social status, and property are all sources of power and authority which one man has, to control the liberty of another Dalit aspirations are a breach of peace. Annihilation of Caste is a breach of peace. The path of social reform like the path to heaven at any rate in India, is strewn with many difficulties. Social reform in India has few friends and many critics.

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DR. RAVICHANDRAN Dalit Lit Lesson (1).pptx

  • 1. Dr. K. Ravichandran Associate Professor Department of English Thiruvalluvar University Vellore-632 115
  • 2. II MA English Dalit Literature
  • 4. Annihilation of Caste: The Annotated Critical Edition Annihilation of Caste is an audacious denunciation of Hinduism and its caste system. In 1936, a Hindu reformist group invited Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to deliver its annual lecture. When it read an advance copy of the text of the speech, the group found the contents "unbearable" and rescinded its invitation. Ambedkar published the text on his own. It offers a scholarly critique of the Vedas and shastras- scriptures the Hindus regard as sacred, scriptures that sanction the worlds most hierarchical and iniquitous social system. The worlds best known Hindu, Mahatma Gandhi, responded to the provocation. The hatchet was never buried.
  • 5. This extensively annotated edition of Annihilation of Caste is introduced by Arundhati Roy. Her introduction, The Doctor and the Saint, looks at the ways in which caste plays out in modern India and how the conflict between Ambedkar and Gandhi continues to resonate into the present day. It takes us to the beginning of Gandhi's political career in South Africa, where his views on race, caste and imperialism were shaped. It tracks Ambedkars emergence as a major political figure in the national movement and shows how his scholarship and intelligence illuminated a political struggle beset by sectarianism and obscurantism.
  • 6. Constitutional morality is not a natural sentiment. It has to be cultivated. We must realise that our people have yet to learn it. Democracy in India is only a top-dressing on an Indian soil which is essentially undemocratic. A just society is that society in which ascending sense of reverence and descending sense of contempt is dissolved into the creation of a compassionate society
  • 7. their religion by the use of the sword. They also ridicule Christianity on the score of the Inquisition. But really speaking, who is better and more worthy of our respectthe Mahomedans and Christians who attempted to thrust down the throats of unwilling persons what they regarded as necessary for their salvation, or the Hindu who would not spread the light, who would endeavour to keep others in darkness, who would not consent to share his intellectual and social inheritance with those who are ready and willing to make it a part of their own make- up? I have no hesitation in saying that if the Mahomedan has been cruel, the Hindu has been mean; and meanness is worse than cruelty.
  • 8. I do not know whether you draw a distinction between principles and rules. But I do... Rules are practical; they are habitual ways of doing things according to prescription. But principles are intellectual; they are useful methods of judging things... The principle may be wrong, but the act is conscious and responsible. The rule may be right, but the act is mechanical. A religious act may not be a correct act, but must at least be a responsible act. To permit this responsibility, religion must mainly be a matter of principles only. It cannot be a matter of rules. The moment it degenerates into rules it ceases to be religion, as it kills the responsibility which is the essence of a truly religious act.
  • 9. 金the outcaste is a bye-product of the caste system. There will be outcastes as long as there are castes. Nothing can emancipate the outcaste except the destruction of the caste system. 金Caste is another name for control. Caste puts a limit on enjoyment. Caste does not allow a person to transgress caste limits in pursuit of his enjoyment. That is the meaning of such caste restrictions as inter- dining and inter-marriage These being my views I am opposed to all those who are out to destroy the Caste System.
  • 10. 奄Once you clear the minds of the people of this misconception and enable them to realise that what they are told is religion is not religion, but that it is really law, you will be in a position to urge its amendment or abolition. 奄I refuse to join with them in performing the miracle I will not say trickof liberating the oppressed with the gold of the tyrant, and raising the poor with the cash of the rich.
  • 11. Democracy is not merely a form of Government...It is essentially an attitude of respect and reverence towards fellowmen. Religion, social status, and property are all sources of power and authority which one man has, to control the liberty of another Dalit aspirations are a breach of peace. Annihilation of Caste is a breach of peace. The path of social reform like the path to heaven at any rate in India, is strewn with many difficulties. Social reform in India has few friends and many critics.