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Dracunculus medinensis

Elyssha Michelle
Elyssha Michelle

An overview of the history, epidemiology, morphology, life cycle, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Dracunculus medinensis.

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Drah-kungku-lus/medin-en-sis Juaban, E.M
Bible, Numbers 21:48
Velschius (1674) Galen - dracontiasis Avicenna - Medina worm Carolus Linnaeus Dracunculus medinensis Alesej Fedchenko detailed morphology & (1870) life cycle
Most commonly known as: GUINEA WORM longest nematode known Common associated dse: DRACUNCULIASIS or GUINEA WORM DISEASE neglected tropical disease
Intermediate host: COPEPOD Definitive host: HUMAN
Found in parts of Africa, India, Asia, Pakistan & Middle East Mali Chad South Sudan Ethiopia
MOT: Drinking contaminated water Sources: fresh water (e.g. ponds and lakes), human- made water holes, stagnant water Reservoir hosts: dogs
Table 8-18 Dracunculus medinensis First-Stage Larva Parameter Description Average size 620 by 15 亮m Tail characteristics Consumes one third of body length; culminates in a point **Third-Stage Larva (L3)-(12-14 days) INFECTIVE STAGE
Table 8-19 Dracunculus medinensis Adults Characteristic Adult male Adult female Size 21 by 0.4 mm 840 by 1.5 mm Other features Anterior end coils itself at least once Prominent blunt, rounded anterior end mating happens after 3-4 months male worm dies after copulation viviparous carries 3 million embryos
Dracunculus medinensis
Asymptomatic (1 year) SYMPTOMS: Slight fever Itchy rash Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Dizziness CONDITIONS: Female worm emerges to subcutaneous tissue Secondary bacterial infection: cellulitis abscesses sepsis joint infections tetanus Non-emergent worms: calcification disabilities
Dracunculus medinensis
Dracunculus medinensis
Dracunculus medinensis
TOTAL REMOVAL OF THEWORM
Dracunculus medinensis
Avoid exposure by drinking safe water Filtering or boiling drinking water Treat water containing copepods with pesticide Preventing infected person to go to water sources Health education
1986: Global Dracunculiasis Eradication Campaign : Former US President Jimmy Carter
calcified worms have been found in the mummified remains of 3000- year-old Egyptians Philippines was certified to be free of dracunculiasis in 1999 More than 1, 000 cases are found in animals 2nd disease and 1st parasitic disease to be eradicated D.medinensis is said to be the serpent on the Rod of Asclepius which is adopted today as the symbol of medicine

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Dracunculus medinensis

  • 3. Velschius (1674) Galen - dracontiasis Avicenna - Medina worm Carolus Linnaeus Dracunculus medinensis Alesej Fedchenko detailed morphology & (1870) life cycle
  • 4. Most commonly known as: GUINEA WORM longest nematode known Common associated dse: DRACUNCULIASIS or GUINEA WORM DISEASE neglected tropical disease
  • 6. Found in parts of Africa, India, Asia, Pakistan & Middle East Mali Chad South Sudan Ethiopia
  • 7. MOT: Drinking contaminated water Sources: fresh water (e.g. ponds and lakes), human- made water holes, stagnant water Reservoir hosts: dogs
  • 8. Table 8-18 Dracunculus medinensis First-Stage Larva Parameter Description Average size 620 by 15 亮m Tail characteristics Consumes one third of body length; culminates in a point **Third-Stage Larva (L3)-(12-14 days) INFECTIVE STAGE
  • 9. Table 8-19 Dracunculus medinensis Adults Characteristic Adult male Adult female Size 21 by 0.4 mm 840 by 1.5 mm Other features Anterior end coils itself at least once Prominent blunt, rounded anterior end mating happens after 3-4 months male worm dies after copulation viviparous carries 3 million embryos
  • 11. Asymptomatic (1 year) SYMPTOMS: Slight fever Itchy rash Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Dizziness CONDITIONS: Female worm emerges to subcutaneous tissue Secondary bacterial infection: cellulitis abscesses sepsis joint infections tetanus Non-emergent worms: calcification disabilities
  • 15. TOTAL REMOVAL OF THEWORM
  • 17. Avoid exposure by drinking safe water Filtering or boiling drinking water Treat water containing copepods with pesticide Preventing infected person to go to water sources Health education
  • 18. 1986: Global Dracunculiasis Eradication Campaign : Former US President Jimmy Carter
  • 19. calcified worms have been found in the mummified remains of 3000- year-old Egyptians Philippines was certified to be free of dracunculiasis in 1999 More than 1, 000 cases are found in animals 2nd disease and 1st parasitic disease to be eradicated D.medinensis is said to be the serpent on the Rod of Asclepius which is adopted today as the symbol of medicine