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Drupal theming

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Arshad Vayani
Arshad Vayani

This document discusses Drupal theming and provides an overview of theme engines, basic theme requirements, regions, common core templates, overriding template files, global template variables, and creating a subtheme in Drupal. It explains that Drupal's default theme engine is PHPTemplate and describes the benefits it provides. It also lists the nine default regions in Drupal themes and common core templates that can be overridden.

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Drupal Theming by Arshad Vayani
Theme Engine Drupals theme directory also has an engines directory that contains a theme engine called PHPTemplate. Theme engines provide an easy way to separate themable output into template files as opposed to plain old PHP. The main benefit of using the PHPTemplate engine is that separating logic from presentation is simplified.
Theme Engine While other theme engines such as Smarty, XTemplate, and PHPTal may be used. PHPTemplate is Drupals default theme engine and is by far the most popular theme engine used by Drupal themes. It is also possible to write pure PHP Drupal themes. See the Chameleon theme for an example of a pure PHP theme at http://drupal.org/project/chameleon. For a full listing of available theme engines, visit http://drupal.org/project/theme+engines.
Basic Theme Requirements A new folder with theme name under sites/all/themes . An .info file with following contents name = Theme Name description = Some description here core = 7.x
Regions
Regions
Default Regions Drupal core defines nine regions for themes to utilize programmatically by default. Until a theme defines its own regions, Drupal will use the defaults. This means that if the default regions are sufficient for your design, you will not need to define regions in your themes .info file.
Default Regions regions[page_top] = Page Top regions[header] = Header regions[highlighted] = Highlighted regions[help] = Help regions[content] = Content regions[sidebar_first] = Sidebar First regions[sidebar_second] = Sidebar Second regions[footer] = Footer regions[page_bottom] = Page Bottom
Default Regions ; CORE REGIONS - DISABLED ;regions[highlighted] = Highlighted ;regions[help] = Help ;regions[header] = Header ;regions[footer] = Footer ; CORE REGIONS - REQUIRED regions[page_top] = Page Top regions[content] = Content regions[page_bottom] = Page Bottom ; CORE REGIONS regions[sidebar_first] = Sidebar First regions[sidebar_second] = Sidebar Second ; CUSTOM REGIONS regions[my_custom_region] = My Custom Region
Default Regions
Common Core Templates
Common Core Templates
Overriding Template Files Find the original template file by browsing through code or checking http://api.drupal.org Copy and paste it into your theme directory. Clear the site cache and reload!
Global Template Variables
Global Template Variables
Subtheme Start by creating the shell of a new theme. Create a directory for it, and create the .info file containing at least the name and core properties. In the .info file, add the base theme property containing the name of the theme you want to use as a base, like so: base theme = basethemename If the base theme has regions and/or features defined in the .info file, youll need to copy those to the subtheme as well.

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Drupal theming

  • 2. Theme Engine Drupals theme directory also has an engines directory that contains a theme engine called PHPTemplate. Theme engines provide an easy way to separate themable output into template files as opposed to plain old PHP. The main benefit of using the PHPTemplate engine is that separating logic from presentation is simplified.
  • 3. Theme Engine While other theme engines such as Smarty, XTemplate, and PHPTal may be used. PHPTemplate is Drupals default theme engine and is by far the most popular theme engine used by Drupal themes. It is also possible to write pure PHP Drupal themes. See the Chameleon theme for an example of a pure PHP theme at http://drupal.org/project/chameleon. For a full listing of available theme engines, visit http://drupal.org/project/theme+engines.
  • 4. Basic Theme Requirements A new folder with theme name under sites/all/themes . An .info file with following contents name = Theme Name description = Some description here core = 7.x
  • 7. Default Regions Drupal core defines nine regions for themes to utilize programmatically by default. Until a theme defines its own regions, Drupal will use the defaults. This means that if the default regions are sufficient for your design, you will not need to define regions in your themes .info file.
  • 8. Default Regions regions[page_top] = Page Top regions[header] = Header regions[highlighted] = Highlighted regions[help] = Help regions[content] = Content regions[sidebar_first] = Sidebar First regions[sidebar_second] = Sidebar Second regions[footer] = Footer regions[page_bottom] = Page Bottom
  • 9. Default Regions ; CORE REGIONS - DISABLED ;regions[highlighted] = Highlighted ;regions[help] = Help ;regions[header] = Header ;regions[footer] = Footer ; CORE REGIONS - REQUIRED regions[page_top] = Page Top regions[content] = Content regions[page_bottom] = Page Bottom ; CORE REGIONS regions[sidebar_first] = Sidebar First regions[sidebar_second] = Sidebar Second ; CUSTOM REGIONS regions[my_custom_region] = My Custom Region
  • 13. Overriding Template Files Find the original template file by browsing through code or checking http://api.drupal.org Copy and paste it into your theme directory. Clear the site cache and reload!
  • 16. Subtheme Start by creating the shell of a new theme. Create a directory for it, and create the .info file containing at least the name and core properties. In the .info file, add the base theme property containing the name of the theme you want to use as a base, like so: base theme = basethemename If the base theme has regions and/or features defined in the .info file, youll need to copy those to the subtheme as well.