Ecology.pptx
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes70 views
This document provides a review of key terminology in ecology, including definitions of ecology, ecosystem, biotic factors, and abiotic factors. It discusses various abiotic factors like soil, temperature, water, and light and how they affect living things. It also defines biotic factors as living things, and categorizes them as producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers are autotrophs that can photosynthesize, such as plants. Consumers are heterotrophs that depend on producers for food and are divided into herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores. Decomposers break down dead organic matter.
More Related Content
Similar to Ecology.pptx (20)
Recently uploaded (20)
Ecology.pptx
- 1. Ecology Biotic & Abiotic factors
- 2. Terminology review Ecology The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms (Living things) to one another and their physical surroundings (non-living things) Ecosystem A specific area in which abiotic and biotic are interdependent and interact closely
- 3. Terminology review Abiotic The non-living components of an ecosystem that make up the environment. These include soil, temperature, water, light, wind, and physiographic factors (e.g., slope) Biotic Living things (or once alive) that makes up the environment. These include humans, vegetation, birds, insects, etc
- 4. Video
- 5. Abiotic How do the following abiotic components affect living things: Soil Soil provide a medium for plants to grow in. Soil anchor plants roots and provide nutrients. The type of soil found in the area determine the type of plants which will grow in that area. The type of plants that grow in a specific area determine which animals will be found there. Soil is classified into three types CLAY LOAMY & SANDY
- 6. Soil Clay soil Made up of small particle size, small air spaces, poor drainage and little organic matter. Loamy soil Made up of medium particle size, moderate drainage, and large amount of organic matter Sandy soil Made up of large particle size, has large air spaces, goof drainage & little organic matter
- 8. Temperature Temperature affects both plants and animals. It determines their spatial distribution and behaviour. Temperature is closely linked to plants. Some plant grow best in hot summer conditions whilst some prefer cool winter conditions for optimum growth. Temperature also affect animals. For example, when temperature increases, many animals begin to mate. In winter, food becomes scarce and some animals go into a winter sleep called Hibernation. During this time their body processes slow down and body temperature drops. Hibernation may cause animal migration.
- 9. Water Water closely affects the distribution of plants and animals. Water helps plants & animals for all body functions. Water is also a habitat for aquatic animals and plants. Terrestrial plants and animals are adapted to withstand dry or moist environment. Give an example of plants which can survive dry conditions
- 10. Light Light is essential for the survival of plants. Plants use light energy to produce food for themselves (Photosynthesis). Light is closely linked to seasons. In winter sun rises later and sets earlier. This shortens the period of light. In summer sun rises earlier and sets later. This lengthen the period of light. Light plays a role in organism life. Some plants need long period of light to flower.
- 11. Biotic ALIVE Anything that is alive or was once alive - Discuss: what are some things that are biotic factors that are right outside our classroom?
- 12. Biotic Living things can either be Autotrophs or Heterotrophs. Autotrophs: ability of an organism to produce its own food using light Heterotrophs: refers to organism which cannot produce their own food and depend of autotrophs for food. Living things are classified as Producers Consumers Decomposers
- 14. Producers Organisms which can photosynthesize and make their own food using Light Water carbon dioxide Autotrophs can be subdivided based on the amount of water they need. i.e xerophytes: plants that can Survive dry conditions. Give example Hydrophytes: These are plants which are partially or fully submerged in water.
- 15. Consumers Organisms which cannot produce their own food and reply on eating producers to get energy. For example, humans, cows, grasshoppers. Consumers are classified according to what they eat. Herbivores: consumers which eat plants (producers) Omnivores: Consumers which eat both plants and animals Carnivores: consumers which only eat animals warm up: give example of each type of consumer
- 16. Herbivore
- 17. Omnivore
- 18. Carnivore
- 19. Decomposers Organisms (mainly micro- organism) that feed off dead and decaying matter. These animals are important in the ecosystem. They include bacteria and fungi.
- 20. Any questions fellow omnivores ? If not, thank you for your attention