Ecuador grande
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Ecuador has a population of over 14 million people with a GDP per capita of $1772. The education system includes pre-primary, primary, secondary, and higher education. Enrollment has increased over time across all levels, especially in secondary and tertiary education. Challenges facing Ecuador's education system include access issues in rural areas, high dropout rates, and lack of resources. Recent reforms have focused on standardizing credits for degrees, increasing full-time professors, improving testing systems, and providing free textbooks.
Ecuador grande
- 1. ECUADOR : Educational profile
- 2. General Information Demographic & Economic information Socio Cultural information Structure of education: Improvements, Challenges & reforms.
- 3. General Information.- Location and area (283,560 km2). Major physical features. Demographic situation Total population (14,306,876) Annual growth rate (1,4%) 2010 Density: 48,7 km2.
- 4. Demographic situation Urban 65%, Rural population 35% Economic Situation GDP per capita: 1772 (2009) 15% growth since 2005. Annual inflation rate: 4,30% (2010) Unemployment rate: 8,50% National currency: US dollars
- 5. Socio cultural situation Illiteracy rate: Male 92%, female 91% (2010) Infant mortality rate: 20 per 1,000 live births (2010) Life expectancy: 75 years (2010) Oficial language: Spanish & quechua. Others. Principal religions: Roman Catholic 95%, others 5% (Protestants, baptists, mormons, Jehova witnesses, ect.)
- 6. Structure of the education system Expenditure on education as percentage of GDP: 3,9%. (2015 goal is to achieve 6%). Levels.- Preprimary Primary (1st to 7th) Secondary (8th to 10th) (Specialized Bachillerato) Higher education (University)
- 7. Structure of the education system Curriculum development.- The National Plan for Environmental Education National Health Education Plan Institutionalization of sex education School for parents International Baccalaureate Organization
- 8. Structure of the education system Coverage of School Age Population
- 9. Structure of the education system % Growth enrollment (2005-2009) Pre-Primary : 7,18% Primary : 1,03% High/Secondary : 24,18% Tertiary : 20% ( 2007 to 2008)
- 10. Teacher training Encourage entry into teacher training studies, improving their initial training, the offer of its work conditions, quality of life and the perception of the community of its role. Permanent professional training & development. Review curriculums for training. Salary policies DINAMEP
- 11. Structure of the education system Teacher deployment situation
- 12. Structure of the education system Efficiency in primary education Average promotion Rate: 55% Average Repetition Rate: 5% Average Drop out rate: 45%
- 13. Structure of the education system Text book production and distribution Quality free text books corresponding the policy of universalization of basic education (10 years). 2'348.427 students have been benefited. Literacy programs for adults have distributed a quantity of 2,003,000 text books.
- 14. Structure of the education system Special programs for disadvantaged and poor a. National Plan for Education Inclusion b. Escuelas unidocentes (one teacher schools) c. The national council of rural education promotes two projects: Oriented to social and productive development The communitarian curriculum for general basic education.
- 15. Structure of the education system Efforts for education for all programs a. Incentives for voluntary retirement for teachers and termination of night school teachers. b. Breaking down items and allotments to teachers in rural, border and marginal areas. c. Incorporation of new teachers (Evaluation system and training). d. Free text books and elimination of fees. e. Making the first year of Basic General Education (BGE) universal.
- 16. Structure of the education system Inspection and supervision services for quality improvement Provincial Council of education. (primary and secondary). SENECYT (Tertiary education). Acreditation of Universities. Examination systems National testing system (Tests aprendo) Measurement of academic achievements Testing institutional work and evaluation of teaching performance.
- 17. Structure of the education system Issues and problems of education Acces to education in rural areas. Extreme poverty High girls dropout in schools Lack of access to schools Corruption in education
- 18. Structure of the education system Some educational reforms.- LOES, Oct. 2010 Number of credits per degree. Full time professors. Testing Systems. Elimination of diplomas as postgraduate degrees. Testing Systems. 60% of professor will be full time in a period of two years.
- 19. Free text books Retirement of teachers
- 20. Public Students Adult students
- 21. Infraestructure