EFF I Chapter19

Jan 17, 20200 likes52 views

This document discusses fire origin and cause determination. It describes the three types of evidence used to indicate the area of origin or cause of a fire: physical evidence, witness statements, and elimination of other ignition sources. Fire investigators decide what evidence and information to collect from the scene. They must also be aware of various legal issues around locating and collecting evidence during an investigation.

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Essentials of Fire Fighting
6th Edition
Firefighter II
Chapter 19 — Fire Origin and Cause Determination
Describe types of evidence used to
indicate the area of origin or fire cause.
 
Learning Objective 1
19–2
The three types of evidence are used
to support testimony.
1–3
CourtesyofDonnyHoward
REVIEW QUESTION
What types of evidence are used to
indicate an area of origin or a fire’s
cause?
19–4

Recognize fire cause evidence.
 
Learning Objective 2
19–5
Fire investigators decide what evidence
and information is collected.
19–6
(Cont.)
Fire investigators decide what evidence
and information is collected.
19–7
(Cont.)
CourtesyofMSA
Fire investigators decide what evidence
and information is collected.
19–8
(Cont.)
CourtesyofDonnyHoward

Fire investigators decide what evidence
and information is collected.
19–9
(Cont.)
Fire investigators decide what evidence
and information is collected.
19–10
REVIEW QUESTION
How can a Firefighter II recognize
fire cause evidence?
19–11
Explain the roles and responsibilities
of responders and investigators
involved in fire investigations.
 
Learning Objective 3
1–12

The roles and responsibilities of
responders and investigators vary.
19–13
(Cont.)
The roles and responsibilities of
responders and investigators vary.
19–14
REVIEW QUESTION
Who are the types of responders
and investigators that may be involved in
a fire investigation?
19–15
Tell what legal issues impact location
and collection of evidence during a
fire investigation.
 
Learning Objective 4
19–16

Location and collection of evidence is
based on a variety of laws.
19–17
There are several important legal issues
you should be aware of.
19–18
REVIEW QUESTION
What legal issues impact the location
and collection of evidence during a
fire investigation?
1–19
• When the area of origin is known a
more thorough investigation can be
conducted to determine cause.
• Firefighters may be assigned to assist
with an investigation.
• When origin and cause reveal
incendiary fire property becomes a
crime scene.
 
Summary
1–20

Protect evidence of fire cause and
origin.
This objective is measured in Skill
Sheet 19-II-1.
 
Learning Objective 5
1–21

This document discusses identifying hazardous materials. It covers seven categories of clues that can indicate the presence of hazardous materials, including location/occupancy, container type, markings/labels, and written documentation. It emphasizes that senses should not be used to detect materials, as that is dangerous, and instead discusses using vision at a distance and monitoring equipment. The overall goal is to understand how to safely identify hazardous materials at an incident.

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Fire protection systems include fire alarm systems, automatic sprinkler systems, standpipe and hose systems, and smoke management systems. Fire alarm systems alert occupants of emergencies using components like pull stations, detectors, and signaling systems. Automatic sprinkler systems extinguish fires using a piping network filled with sprinklers that activate when heat is detected. Standpipe and hose systems supply water to firefighters using hoses. Smoke management systems remove and control smoke using strategies like pressurization and exhaust systems. It is important for firefighters to understand these various fire protection systems.

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This chapter discusses water supply systems used by firefighters. It covers the different types of water sources and supply systems, including underground piping and storage tanks. It also describes the valves used to control water flow and the different types of fire hydrants, their locations, and how to inspect and operate them. Alternative water supply methods for rural areas are discussed, such as water shuttles using portable tanks and relay pumping from nearby sources. The chapter emphasizes the importance of firefighters understanding local water supply systems and how to access water for firefighting.

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- Tactical ventilation of a burning building allows heat, smoke, and fire gases to escape while drawing in fresh air, which helps firefighters locate victims and the seat of the fire. - Proper ventilation limits fire spread and channels smoke away from trapped victims. - Firefighters must understand fire behavior and have knowledge of different ventilation methods, roof construction, and how to create openings in all types of roofs in order to perform ventilation correctly.

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This document summarizes key points about scene lighting, rescue tools, vehicle extrication, and technical rescue from Chapter 10 of the 6th Edition Essentials of Fire Fighting manual for Firefighter I. It identifies different types of emergency scene lighting equipment and electrical generators used to power lighting and rescue equipment. It provides cautions about not overtaxing power sources and staying within the power capacity of electrical cables. Connectors like twist-lock receptacles are recommended to provide safe connections. Junction boxes and adapters provide flexibility. Firefighters must operate all lighting equipment and understand their uses at vehicle extrication and technical rescue incidents.

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1) Building construction and floor plans impact structural search techniques by affecting fire development and requiring firefighters to know the layout to search effectively. 2) During structural searches, size-up and situational awareness provide information on conditions and potential hazards through assessing the situation and using senses. 3) Safety guidelines for structural search and rescue include being prepared to enter hazardous areas, following other firefighters, and having an emergency plan and backup air supply.

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- Portable fire extinguishers are classified based on the type of fuel that is burning and appropriate extinguishing agents are chosen accordingly. Common classifications include Class A for ordinary combustibles, Class B for flammable liquids, Class C for energized electrical fires, Class D for combustible metals, and Class K for cooking oils. - Fire extinguishers are also rated based on their capabilities. Ratings identify the types of fires they can be used on as well as their relative sizes. Instruction and practice is needed to properly select, inspect, maintain, and operate portable fire extinguishers.

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EFF I Chapter19

1. Essentials of Fire Fighting 6th Edition Firefighter II Chapter 19 — Fire Origin and Cause Determination Describe types of evidence used to indicate the area of origin or fire cause.   Learning Objective 1 19–2 The three types of evidence are used to support testimony. 1–3 CourtesyofDonnyHoward REVIEW QUESTION What types of evidence are used to indicate an area of origin or a fire’s cause? 19–4

2. Recognize fire cause evidence.   Learning Objective 2 19–5 Fire investigators decide what evidence and information is collected. 19–6 (Cont.) Fire investigators decide what evidence and information is collected. 19–7 (Cont.) CourtesyofMSA Fire investigators decide what evidence and information is collected. 19–8 (Cont.) CourtesyofDonnyHoward

3. Fire investigators decide what evidence and information is collected. 19–9 (Cont.) Fire investigators decide what evidence and information is collected. 19–10 REVIEW QUESTION How can a Firefighter II recognize fire cause evidence? 19–11 Explain the roles and responsibilities of responders and investigators involved in fire investigations.   Learning Objective 3 1–12

4. The roles and responsibilities of responders and investigators vary. 19–13 (Cont.) The roles and responsibilities of responders and investigators vary. 19–14 REVIEW QUESTION Who are the types of responders and investigators that may be involved in a fire investigation? 19–15 Tell what legal issues impact location and collection of evidence during a fire investigation.   Learning Objective 4 19–16

5. Location and collection of evidence is based on a variety of laws. 19–17 There are several important legal issues you should be aware of. 19–18 REVIEW QUESTION What legal issues impact the location and collection of evidence during a fire investigation? 1–19 • When the area of origin is known a more thorough investigation can be conducted to determine cause. • Firefighters may be assigned to assist with an investigation. • When origin and cause reveal incendiary fire property becomes a crime scene.   Summary 1–20

6. Protect evidence of fire cause and origin. This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 19-II-1.   Learning Objective 5 1–21

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