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1. Activated Clay®Superior Filtration – Long Life – Saves Money

2. Key benefitsApplications of Activated Clay® Highly efficient means of removing hydrocarbons, other oils and chemicals from aqueous solutionsReduces Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons to non-detectable levels. Reduces Oil and Grease to non-detectable levels. Reduces soluble hydrocarbons Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene, and Xylene to barely detectable levels. Loading rate is exponentially greater than Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Captures 50%-140% its weight in pollutants vs3-10% with GACSaves money of fitrationmediaWon’t leach pollutants back into water or any substrateUnlike carbon sponges, Activated Clay won’t spill pollutants pressedEnvironmentally friendlyCan be restored chemically or biologically and reused repeatedlyAlso for Industrial, Agricultural and Maritime applicationsImproves the performance of fuels and working fluids 2

3. Proven productSimple & ReliableAqua TechnologiesInc cleans Produced Water Filtration, Closed Loop Water and SoilRemediation Systems, physical Spill Containment, flow through Vertical Trench Barriers, and Underwater flow through Contamination Caps. Activated Clay® manufactured by ATI has unique hydrophobic and oiliophilic characteristics that selectively remove hydrocarbons and a range of organic pollutants from aqueous streams down to extremely low levels. This simple product is simple, reliable & economic.Physical process technologies NO CHEMICAL CONSUMPTIONCost far less to operate than conventional chemical injection processesCreates no by-process wasteATI offers an industry leading off-the-shelf systems that can be easily scaled and transported with flows ranging from 50 GPM to 3000 GPM. 3

4. How it worksProduct DevelopmentHistoryIn the late 70’s & early 80’s�� ATI was in the Oil & Gas Exploration, Drilling and Production business.As necessity is the mother of inventions, an accidental spill required them to contain and remove crude oil from water, soil & rocks.Existing approaches were simple, but ineffective: soap, saw dust, fire or absorbent diapers.ATI then saw the industrial need for a material that would adsorb oil only, but not water.OrganoclaySodium bentonite clay, the basic material in drilling mud and kitty litter, is treated physically and chemically to repel water while absorbing hydrocarbonsOur unique water treatment product, called ET-1, is a product generally referred to as a polymer modified bentonite or an organoclay. ET-1 is manufactured by binding an amine polymer containing an nitrogen ion onto bentonite clay and drying it in a granular form. More specifically, the nitrogen end of the quaternary amine, the hydrophilic end, is positively charged, and ion exchanges onto the clay platelet for sodium or calcium. The amines used are of the long chain type with 12-18 carbon atoms. After some 30 per cent of the clay surface is coated with these amines it becomes hydrophobic and, with certain amines, organophilic.The polymer binds to the bentonite's ionic surfaces and converts the clay from a hydratable form to an oil-wet, hydrocarbon adsorbent material ideal for water treatment applications.4

5. Water Treatment with Activated Clay aloneCleans produced waterProduced water from natural gas field

6. Produced water is sweet (not salty), but contained trace hydrocarbons

7. Petroleum dispersed into droplets too small to separate with existing equipment

8. Production chemicals including foamers and methanol that affect interfacial tension

9. Low water salinity interfered with the coalescing of droplets

10. Cleaned produced water so it can be discharged at surface (10mg/L)

11. Since enhanced separation equipment, such as hydrocyclones and centrifuges, had not been adopted in the Rocky Mountains, adsorption alone was used to remove free and dispersed hydrocarbons to below discharge limits (10 mg/L).

12. ET-1 organoclay successfully removed these components, while activated carbon removed the bulk of the dissolved contaminants. The installation also handled the expected system upsets and even trapped an accidental truckload of invert-emulsion drilling fluid.5

13. Water Treatment: Ionizer + Activated ClayCleans water to drinking standardIn-field solution, no trucking

14. Modular, mobile or skid-mounted units

15. Ionizer breaks emulsions and drops solids from suspension

16. Activated Clay absorbs 50%+ its weight in pollutants versus activated carbon (3-10%)

17. Reverse-osmosis (RO) unit can be added for salty or brackish water

18. Cleans produced water so it can be discharged at surface

19. Units can be designed to achieve drinking water standards

20. Aqua Technologies Inc (ATI) has supplied Activated Clay since 1999

21. Currently thousands of pounds of Activated Clay clean millions of gallons of process water daily. ATI’s clients in the US and abroad range from refineries and major O&G companies to manufacturers and remediation projects. ATI demo kit6

22. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) use Before Clean-Up EPA Superfund Site McCormick-Baxter Organoclay Sediment Cap

23. Covers ~58 acres of terrestrial and aquatic land on the east bank of the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon.

24. Home of McCormick & Baxter company from early-1940s to 1990

25. Treated wood products with chemical compounds such as pentachlorophenol (PCP), creosote, chromium and arsenic to soil, groundwater, and sediment.

26. In 1990, the wood treatment operations ceased and early remediation actions were initiated to remove process equipment, piping tanks, and treatment formulations.

27. In July of 2004 the 25 acres of the Willamette River bed and adjacent shore were covered by articulated concrete block over a layer of over 1.2 million pounds of ET-1 Activated Clay.

28. See www.aquatechnologies.com Building the CapAfter Clean-Up7Activated Clay®

29. Water Treatment Systems Scalable from small to largeOff-the-shelf treatment systems

30. Scalable and transportable

31. Flows ranging from 5 gallon per minute (GPM) to 3000 GPM.

32. Physical process technologies

33. NO CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION!

34. Low operating costs

35. No process waste

36. Aqua Technologies‘ wastewater treatment services include

37. Filtration hardware

38. Operation personnel

39. Long-term, fixed-rate, and by-the-gallon treatment contracts.

40. Performance Guarantee

41. Discharge limits me or ATI pays the fine!5 GPM field testing unitATI achieves 10 million gallons treated in 2001 for 200 GM client8Activated Clay®

42. Activated Clay in Flitration SystemsWater Treatment SystemsTypical wastewater treatment systems have 3 adsorbent containers:

43. Primary adsorption vessel containing ET-1 organoclay

44. Redundant vessel with 100% back-up quantity

45. Polishing container of activated carbon (optional)

46. The final polishing step might be eliminated if BTEX or other soluble organics are not an area of concern.

47. The container volume and shape determined by:

48. Fluid residence time of three minutes per vessel.

49. Superficial flow rate of approximately 1.6-2.0 gallons per minute per square ft. (gpm/sq. ft).

50. The recommended superficial flow rate

51. Set conservatively

52. Specific installations may permit a substantially higher flow rates.

53. Residence time is based on an intragranular porosity of 34-39%.

54. New installations take advantage of upflow adsorption,

55. Existing containers designed for granular activated carbon usually work with ET-1 without modification.9Activated Clay®

56. Product SupplyCommercial Units & FactoryActivated Clay® is manufactured at ATI’s company owned, state of the art manufacturing facility in Casper, Wyoming. ATI is the largest manufacturer of modified clay in the world with over 19,000 sqft of manufacturing space under roof.ATI offers custom packaging for its clients that wish to re-sell, blend or use Activated Clay® under different trade names.10Activated Clay®

57. For further information contactwww.energyinvestgroup.com+44 20 3170 8940Or www.aquatechnologies.com +1 307 234 0009

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