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El yunque rise (2)

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Karolina Pellot

El Yunque National Rain Forest is located in Luquillo, Puerto Rico. It is the largest subtropical rainforest in the US National Forest System and contains a high level of biodiversity. The group gathered data on environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and pH at different areas of El Yunque during their visit. They found that temperatures decreased deeper into the forest. The pH ranged from 6 to 7 and humidity varied between 0-2. El Yunque is an important ecological resource for Puerto Rico that protects many endangered species and ecosystems.

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El Yunque National Rain Forest
Group Memebers Tiara Zoar Ram鱈rez Ojeda Karolina I. Pellot Ortiz Ang辿lica Emanuel Edmaritz Hern叩ndez Pag叩n Carlos Felix A. Zayas Rodr鱈guez Rafael Gabriel Nicole M. Cruz Reyes Amalia Mart鱈nez C坦rdova Jerielys R. Garc鱈a Sanchez
El Yunque Bosque Nacional del Caribe Bosque de la lluvia Olimpo Borinquen Sierra de Luquillo
Origin of the name Two possibilities: 1. Spanish adaptation of "Yuke" Taino name of the forest (according to some insiders meant "white high ground). 2. The resemblance in form has Yunque Peak to the part used by the blacksmith to do their jobs.
Purpose of this trip: Learn and understand life at El Yunque Go beyond theory and lab experience Apply knowledge acquired in the lab to evaluate environment. pH Temperature Wind direction Humidity Evaluate and compare results
History In 1876 the Spanish crown declared "Area Montes" the highest part of the Sierra de Luquillo. At that time it had 12,399 acres of extension. For this reason it is understood that the "Yunque forest" should be considered as one of the oldest reserves in this hemisphere.
History Managed since 1903 by the US Forest Service. It is the smallest and more variety. In 1976 UNESCO declared the Yunque forest as a biosphere reserve for the Planet.
Unique Characteristics: One of the few forests where there is no risk of fire. From 180 to 200 inches of rain fall a year. Source of water for about 14 rivers, among these: Espiritu Santo Sonadora Grande Hicacos Mameyes Coca Sabana
Unique Characteristics: Highest point is at 1080m above sea level A tropical monsoon climate and receives over 2.5m of rainfall a year Diversity of ecosystems within the forest Home to a wide variety of organisms *some of them like the Amazona vittata are endangered*
Unique Characteristics: The highest peaks of the Sierra de Luquillo are:El toro: 3,523 pies El Yunque: 3,493 pies Pico del Este: 3,488 pies Monte Britton: 3,087 pies Los Picachos: 3,150 pies
Unique Characteristics: The Caribbean National Forest consists of four forest types are defined by: elevation precipitation temperature Life associations
Location: @ Luquillo, Puerto Rico Information and picture taken from the USDA/Forest Service.
Flora It has 240 species of trees 88 are endemic 23 are only found in that forest. 150 species of Fern plants 50 species of Orchids. Divided into subforest depending on vegetation and organisims: Palm forest, full of different palm trees Dwarf forest, all the plants and trees are peculiarly small because of the wind speeds. Red tree forest, used for the raising of the puertorican parrot.
Flora
Fauna 100 species of vertebrates and mammals that are represented by eleven species of bats. 6 species that feed of insects among them the red bat. 4 species of bat eat fruits one specie feed exclusively of pollen.
Fauna The general forest fauna is dominated by A. reptiles and birds during the day and find 14 species of lizards including green lizard and the garden lizard Snakes, like the Boa of Puerto Rico is endangered. In birds we can find up to 77 species, which 17 of them are unique to Puerto Rico, B. Amphibians during the night 13 species of the coqui, like the mountain coqui and the coqui de campo.
Gathered Data: 1st stop: Stream, before reaching the forest Ground pH: 7 Ground temperature: 79属F Humidity: 9 Water temperature: 81属F Wind: 0 mph 2nd stop: Bamboo zone Air temperature: 87属F Ground pH: 6.85 Ground temperature: 79属F Humidity: 0 Wind: 0 mph 3th stop: Secondary forest Air temperature: 82尊F Ground pH: 7 Ground temperature: 71尊F Humidity: 2 Water temperature: 70尊F Wind: 0 mph 4th stop: Around Yokahu tower Air temperature: 86属F Ground pH: 6 Ground temperature: 72属F Humidity: 1 Wind: 0 mph
5th stop: Giant trees zone Air temperature: 80尊F Ground pH: 6.8 Ground temperature: 70尊F Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 70尊F Wind: 0 mph 6th stop: Ba単o Grande Air temperature: 83属F Ground pH: 6.4 Ground temperature: 69属F Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 64属F Wind: 0 mph 7th stop: Palms forest Air temperature: 77oF Ground pH: 6.5 Ground temperature: 71oF Humidity: 2 Water temperature: 69oF Wind: 0 mph 8th stop: puente de piedras Air temperature: 72oF Ground pH: 5.9 Ground temperature: 66oF Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 68oF Wind: 0 mph
9th stop: Stream Air temperature: 73oF Ground pH: 6.5 Ground temperature: 71oF Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 67oF Wind: 0 mph 10th stop: Los picachos Ground pH: 6.5 Humidity: 1 Wind: 10 mph
Data Analysis: As we were going deeper, temperatures of the air, water and ground were degrading. The pH ranged approximately 6-7 Forest humidity variation reflected 0-2
Restrictions: There are laws that protect El Yunque: Forestry Law- Declares forests as a natural resource to be protected, preserved and expanded. Promotes passive recreation in forests. Law of Conservation of Wildlife- It was created to regulate and conserve wildlife. Regulates hunting and the use of hunting weapons.
Importance and value of El Yunque El Yunque is of great importance and value because of the variety of ecosystems (4) and many species that inhabit it. It also gives to the Island values in the following areas: - Aesthetic - Historical - Ecological - Spiritual - Moral/Ethical - Economic - Cultural - Recreational - Therapeutic - Educational - Scientific
What called our attention: The ecological value of the forest Learn how the organisms interact with each other. The beauty of El Yunque called our attention inspiring us to admire the nature of our island. Characteristics in environment vary among locations.
El yunque rise (2)
References S叩nchez, H. (2007). Puerto Rico 臓Que Grande! Publicaciones Puertorrique単as. Maricelis Rivera. (2010). Bosque nacional del Caribe El Yunque. Junio, 2015, de El Vocero Sitio web: http://www.prfrogui.com/home/yunquebos.htm Jennie Ramirez. (2009). El bosque nacional del Caribe El Yunque. junio 2015, de UIPR Sitio web: http://ponce.inter.edu/acad/cursos/ciencia/pages/yu nque.htm

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El yunque rise (2)

  • 2. Group Memebers Tiara Zoar Ram鱈rez Ojeda Karolina I. Pellot Ortiz Ang辿lica Emanuel Edmaritz Hern叩ndez Pag叩n Carlos Felix A. Zayas Rodr鱈guez Rafael Gabriel Nicole M. Cruz Reyes Amalia Mart鱈nez C坦rdova Jerielys R. Garc鱈a Sanchez
  • 3. El Yunque Bosque Nacional del Caribe Bosque de la lluvia Olimpo Borinquen Sierra de Luquillo
  • 4. Origin of the name Two possibilities: 1. Spanish adaptation of "Yuke" Taino name of the forest (according to some insiders meant "white high ground). 2. The resemblance in form has Yunque Peak to the part used by the blacksmith to do their jobs.
  • 5. Purpose of this trip: Learn and understand life at El Yunque Go beyond theory and lab experience Apply knowledge acquired in the lab to evaluate environment. pH Temperature Wind direction Humidity Evaluate and compare results
  • 6. History In 1876 the Spanish crown declared "Area Montes" the highest part of the Sierra de Luquillo. At that time it had 12,399 acres of extension. For this reason it is understood that the "Yunque forest" should be considered as one of the oldest reserves in this hemisphere.
  • 7. History Managed since 1903 by the US Forest Service. It is the smallest and more variety. In 1976 UNESCO declared the Yunque forest as a biosphere reserve for the Planet.
  • 8. Unique Characteristics: One of the few forests where there is no risk of fire. From 180 to 200 inches of rain fall a year. Source of water for about 14 rivers, among these: Espiritu Santo Sonadora Grande Hicacos Mameyes Coca Sabana
  • 9. Unique Characteristics: Highest point is at 1080m above sea level A tropical monsoon climate and receives over 2.5m of rainfall a year Diversity of ecosystems within the forest Home to a wide variety of organisms *some of them like the Amazona vittata are endangered*
  • 10. Unique Characteristics: The highest peaks of the Sierra de Luquillo are:El toro: 3,523 pies El Yunque: 3,493 pies Pico del Este: 3,488 pies Monte Britton: 3,087 pies Los Picachos: 3,150 pies
  • 11. Unique Characteristics: The Caribbean National Forest consists of four forest types are defined by: elevation precipitation temperature Life associations
  • 12. Location: @ Luquillo, Puerto Rico Information and picture taken from the USDA/Forest Service.
  • 13. Flora It has 240 species of trees 88 are endemic 23 are only found in that forest. 150 species of Fern plants 50 species of Orchids. Divided into subforest depending on vegetation and organisims: Palm forest, full of different palm trees Dwarf forest, all the plants and trees are peculiarly small because of the wind speeds. Red tree forest, used for the raising of the puertorican parrot.
  • 14. Flora
  • 15. Fauna 100 species of vertebrates and mammals that are represented by eleven species of bats. 6 species that feed of insects among them the red bat. 4 species of bat eat fruits one specie feed exclusively of pollen.
  • 16. Fauna The general forest fauna is dominated by A. reptiles and birds during the day and find 14 species of lizards including green lizard and the garden lizard Snakes, like the Boa of Puerto Rico is endangered. In birds we can find up to 77 species, which 17 of them are unique to Puerto Rico, B. Amphibians during the night 13 species of the coqui, like the mountain coqui and the coqui de campo.
  • 17. Gathered Data: 1st stop: Stream, before reaching the forest Ground pH: 7 Ground temperature: 79属F Humidity: 9 Water temperature: 81属F Wind: 0 mph 2nd stop: Bamboo zone Air temperature: 87属F Ground pH: 6.85 Ground temperature: 79属F Humidity: 0 Wind: 0 mph 3th stop: Secondary forest Air temperature: 82尊F Ground pH: 7 Ground temperature: 71尊F Humidity: 2 Water temperature: 70尊F Wind: 0 mph 4th stop: Around Yokahu tower Air temperature: 86属F Ground pH: 6 Ground temperature: 72属F Humidity: 1 Wind: 0 mph
  • 18. 5th stop: Giant trees zone Air temperature: 80尊F Ground pH: 6.8 Ground temperature: 70尊F Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 70尊F Wind: 0 mph 6th stop: Ba単o Grande Air temperature: 83属F Ground pH: 6.4 Ground temperature: 69属F Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 64属F Wind: 0 mph 7th stop: Palms forest Air temperature: 77oF Ground pH: 6.5 Ground temperature: 71oF Humidity: 2 Water temperature: 69oF Wind: 0 mph 8th stop: puente de piedras Air temperature: 72oF Ground pH: 5.9 Ground temperature: 66oF Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 68oF Wind: 0 mph
  • 19. 9th stop: Stream Air temperature: 73oF Ground pH: 6.5 Ground temperature: 71oF Humidity: 1 Water temperature: 67oF Wind: 0 mph 10th stop: Los picachos Ground pH: 6.5 Humidity: 1 Wind: 10 mph
  • 20. Data Analysis: As we were going deeper, temperatures of the air, water and ground were degrading. The pH ranged approximately 6-7 Forest humidity variation reflected 0-2
  • 21. Restrictions: There are laws that protect El Yunque: Forestry Law- Declares forests as a natural resource to be protected, preserved and expanded. Promotes passive recreation in forests. Law of Conservation of Wildlife- It was created to regulate and conserve wildlife. Regulates hunting and the use of hunting weapons.
  • 22. Importance and value of El Yunque El Yunque is of great importance and value because of the variety of ecosystems (4) and many species that inhabit it. It also gives to the Island values in the following areas: - Aesthetic - Historical - Ecological - Spiritual - Moral/Ethical - Economic - Cultural - Recreational - Therapeutic - Educational - Scientific
  • 23. What called our attention: The ecological value of the forest Learn how the organisms interact with each other. The beauty of El Yunque called our attention inspiring us to admire the nature of our island. Characteristics in environment vary among locations.
  • 25. References S叩nchez, H. (2007). Puerto Rico 臓Que Grande! Publicaciones Puertorrique単as. Maricelis Rivera. (2010). Bosque nacional del Caribe El Yunque. Junio, 2015, de El Vocero Sitio web: http://www.prfrogui.com/home/yunquebos.htm Jennie Ramirez. (2009). El bosque nacional del Caribe El Yunque. junio 2015, de UIPR Sitio web: http://ponce.inter.edu/acad/cursos/ciencia/pages/yu nque.htm