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ElasticSearch Basics

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Amresh Singh

Elasticsearch is a highly scalable and distributed open source search and analytics engine. It allows storing, searching, and analyzing large volumes of data quickly. Elasticsearch is built on top of Lucene and implemented in Java, allowing it to be cross-platform. Documents are indexed into indexes, which can contain multiple index types and be split into shards for scalability and replicas for availability. Commands are used to manage and query indexes, including creating, indexing, updating, deleting documents and searching across all documents.

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Elastic Search Basics Amresh Kumar Singh
What is Elastic Search? ? Elastic Search is a highly scalable, distributed, open-source, full-text search and analytics engine. ? Allows you to store, search, and analyze big volumes of data quickly and in near real time. Near RealTime (NRT) search platform. There is a slight latency (normally one second) from the time you index a document until the time it becomes searchable. ? Built on top of Lucene, implemented in Java (cross platform)
FullText Search?
Basic Concepts ? Cluster (default name: elasticsearch) ? Nodes (default name: a random marvel character name) ? Index (collection of documents) ? IndexType (Mandatory. Logical partition of an index, data actually physically resides in Index) ? Document (Basic unit of indexable info, physically resides in index, must be assigned to a type) ? Shards (Index can be split into multiple shards, default 5, spread over nodes. Each shard is a LUCENE index internally. ? Replica (A shard may be either Primary Shard or Replica Shard, default replicas=1)
Elastic Search Cluster,Topology 1 3 Nodes cluster Index A: (3 shards, 1 replica) Index B (3 shards, 1 replica)
Elastic Search Cluster,Topology 2
Elastic SearchVs Lucene ? Elastic Search = LUCENE + RESTful Service + High Availability & Performance + LongTerm Persistency
RDBMSVs Elastic Search
Commands ? Starting Elastic Search ./elasticsearch --cluster.name my_cluster_name --node.name my_node_name ? Check Cluster Health GET localhost:9200/_cat/health ? List Nodes GET localhost:9200/_cat/nodes ? List Indices GET localhost:9200/_cat/indices ? Create Index PUT localhost:9200/<index name>
Commands (…contd) ? Index/Replace a document PUT localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> { "field1" : "value1", "field2" : "value2" } ? Retrieve a document GET localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> ? Delete an Index DELETE localhost:9200/<index name> ? Update a Document POST localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID>/_update { "doc": { "field1": "value1", "field2": value2 } }
Commands (…contd) ? Delete a document DELETE localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> ? Batch Processing POST localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/_bulk {"index":{"_id":"<ID1>"}} {"field1": "value1" } {"index":{"_id":"<ID2>"}} {"field2": "value2" }
Search API ? Elastic Search has its own JSON-style query DSL. ? Two basic ways to send search parameters: 1.Through REST Request URI GET localhost:9200/<index name>/_search?q=* 2.Through REST Body POST localhost:9200/<index name>/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} } }
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ElasticSearch Basics

  • 2. What is Elastic Search? ? Elastic Search is a highly scalable, distributed, open-source, full-text search and analytics engine. ? Allows you to store, search, and analyze big volumes of data quickly and in near real time. Near RealTime (NRT) search platform. There is a slight latency (normally one second) from the time you index a document until the time it becomes searchable. ? Built on top of Lucene, implemented in Java (cross platform)
  • 4. Basic Concepts ? Cluster (default name: elasticsearch) ? Nodes (default name: a random marvel character name) ? Index (collection of documents) ? IndexType (Mandatory. Logical partition of an index, data actually physically resides in Index) ? Document (Basic unit of indexable info, physically resides in index, must be assigned to a type) ? Shards (Index can be split into multiple shards, default 5, spread over nodes. Each shard is a LUCENE index internally. ? Replica (A shard may be either Primary Shard or Replica Shard, default replicas=1)
  • 5. Elastic Search Cluster,Topology 1 3 Nodes cluster Index A: (3 shards, 1 replica) Index B (3 shards, 1 replica)
  • 7. Elastic SearchVs Lucene ? Elastic Search = LUCENE + RESTful Service + High Availability & Performance + LongTerm Persistency
  • 9. Commands ? Starting Elastic Search ./elasticsearch --cluster.name my_cluster_name --node.name my_node_name ? Check Cluster Health GET localhost:9200/_cat/health ? List Nodes GET localhost:9200/_cat/nodes ? List Indices GET localhost:9200/_cat/indices ? Create Index PUT localhost:9200/<index name>
  • 10. Commands (…contd) ? Index/Replace a document PUT localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> { "field1" : "value1", "field2" : "value2" } ? Retrieve a document GET localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> ? Delete an Index DELETE localhost:9200/<index name> ? Update a Document POST localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID>/_update { "doc": { "field1": "value1", "field2": value2 } }
  • 11. Commands (…contd) ? Delete a document DELETE localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/<ID> ? Batch Processing POST localhost:9200/<index name>/<type name>/_bulk {"index":{"_id":"<ID1>"}} {"field1": "value1" } {"index":{"_id":"<ID2>"}} {"field2": "value2" }
  • 12. Search API ? Elastic Search has its own JSON-style query DSL. ? Two basic ways to send search parameters: 1.Through REST Request URI GET localhost:9200/<index name>/_search?q=* 2.Through REST Body POST localhost:9200/<index name>/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} } }