Electrotherapy: Medical terminology & inflammation
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This document provides an overview of electrotherapy and defines key anatomical terms. It describes the main body parts and joints, including the skull, vertebral column, shoulder girdle, thoracic cage, pelvic girdle, and limbs. It also defines fundamental positions like standing, sitting, kneeling, and lying. Additionally, the document defines inflammation and its signs, and provides numerous medical terminology related to tissue damage, inflammation, and common musculoskeletal conditions.
Electrotherapy: Medical terminology & inflammation
- 2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) : Student should know Name of Body parts and joints Student should know Name movements of joints Student should know Name of fundamental position Student should know inflammation and its sign Student should know some definition of terms help him in course
- 3. Name of Body parts and joints
- 5. Regions: Skull Vertebral column Shoulder girdle and upper limbs Thoracic cage Pelvic girdle and lower limbs
- 6. Upper limb
- 7. Lower limb
- 8. Spine
- 10. Spine movements
- 13. Shoulder joint
- 15. Elbow joint
- 16. Elbow movements
- 17. Radioulnar joint
- 19. Wrist joint
- 20. Wrist movements
- 21. Finger movements
- 22. Hip joints
- 24. Knee joints
- 34. Tissue damage and inflammation Inflammation is defined as the reaction of vascular, lymphatic and supporting elements of the tissues due to an injury or tissue damage leads to formation of a protein rich exudates It is a protective mechanism for localize and removal of irritant In medical terminology suffix itis to name of organ means inflammation e.g tendon -------tendonitis (inflammation of tendon) bursa --------bursitis (inflammation of bursa)
- 35. Signs and symptoms of inflammation Redness due to vascular dilation Hotness as a result of increased blood flow Swelling due to vascular permeability as an exudate released Pain due to edema and exudates Loss of function due to pain and inflammation
- 36. Types of inflammation According to time or tissue condition Acute immediately 2w Subacute from 2w-3m Chronic from 3m-1y
- 37. Important medical terminology Edema: abnormal accumulation of fluid outside vascular tissue as in interstitial space or inside cell. It due to disturbance osmotic and hydrostatic pressure. It can be general or local edema
- 38. Important medical terminology cont. Hemorrhage: escape blood outside blood vessels. It may be Internal or external
- 39. Important medical terminology cont. Ischemia: decrease blood flow to part of tissue because of occlusion or restriction of its artery. It may be Sudden ------thrombosis or embolism Gradual ------ atherosclerosis Thrombosis: it is formation of compact mass from elements of circulating blood inside vessels or heart cavity Embolus: any abnormal matter carried in blood stream and filling impact in vessels Thrombophlebitis: thrombus initiated by inflammation of venous wall
- 40. Important medical terminology cont. Ischemia: decrease blood flow to part of tissue because of occlusion or restriction of its artery. It may be Sudden ------thrombosis or embolism Gradual ------ atherosclerosis Thrombosis: it is formation of compact mass from elements of circulating blood inside vessels or heart cavity Embolus: any abnormal matter carried in blood stream and filling impact in vessels Thrombophlebitis: thrombus initiated by inflammation of venous wall
- 41. Important medical terminology cont. Atherosclerosis: progressive narrowing of artery due to deposition of fat substance in artery layer (subintimal) Ischemic heart disease: decrease blood supply to heart (cardiac muscle due to atherosclerosis of coronary artery Gangrene: massive tissue necrosis (tissue death) caused by ischemia or bacterial toxin followed by amputation of gangrene tissue
- 42. Important medical terminology cont. Osteoarthritis: degenerative wear and tear process of joint started in articular cartilage and decrease space between articular surfaces of joint
- 43. Important medical terminology cont. Rheumatoid arthritis: is an autoimmune systemic disease characterized by chronic progressive poly arthritis. Affected joint become painful, swollen with restricted movement .in late stage accompanied by deformity
- 44. Important medical terminology cont. Rickets: disease of growing bone due to deficiency of calcium phosphorus metabolism
- 45. Important medical terminology cont. Infection: invasion of body by pathogenic bacteria which cause pathogenic changes in living tissue. Local reaction of infection is inflammation and evoked by cellular damage, toxemia and death Tuberculosis: chronic bacterial infection caused by tubercle bacillus Abscess: localized suppurative inflammation contain irregular cavity filled by pus. It may be in skin, subcutaneous tissue or internal organ Pus: thick yellowish fluid formed at site of inflammation
- 46. Important medical terminology cont. Acne: skin disease remarked by increased activity of sebaceous glands with raised sebum production which leads to blocking duct, infection. Common in young people most common sites are face, neck and upper trunk.