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Elements,Compounds & Mixtures.education.pptx
How can you determine whether
something is an element or not?
They are all listed on the periodic table.
ELEMENT SO
NG
1. Pure substance
 Made of only 1 type
of particle
 Ex: copper wire only
has copper atoms
2. Cant be separated
into simpler
substances by
chemical or physical
means
3. Each has a unique
set of properties
 Called characteristic
properties
 Can be physical or
chemical
4. Classified by their
properties
1. Metals
2. Nonmetals
3. Metalloids
Elements
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids
Develop the concept map by adding
info. about metals, nonmetals, &
metalloids
METALS
Shiny
Good conductors
Malleable
Ductile
Ex: gold, silver,
copper
NONMETALS
Dull (no shine)
Poor conductors
At room temp, only a
few are solids that
are brittle
Most are gases
Ex: hydrogen,
oxygen, helium
METALLOIDS
Characteristics of
metals and nonmetals
Semiconductors
Ex: silicon, germanium
Use placement on the Periodic
Table to classify elements
 Do you know any compounds?
 How are they different from elements?
 Characteristics
1. Found in nature more often than pure elements
2. Have more than one element
3. Elements are chemically bonded to each other
 Mg + O2 makes MgO
4. Pure substances that occur in fixed ratios by mass
 1g H to 8g of O in every water molecule
5. Cant be separated by physical means
6. Have their own unique set of properties
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
Mixtures
 2 or more substances that are not chemically
bonded
 So diff parts keep their own properties
 Ex:
 pizza
 granite
 Kool-aid
 Brass
 Jello
 Parts do not occur in a definite ratio
 Compare the 2 pepperoni pizzas
Mixtures
 Can be physically separated by
1. Distillation
2. Magnet
3. Centrifuge
4. Filtration
5. Evaporation
ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS MIXTURES
Mixtures
Can be heterogeneous (see diff pieces) or
homogeneous (uniform appearance)
Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions
Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions
Colloids are classified as heterogeneous in some
books and homogeneous in others
Solutions  look the same throughout
 From Chem4kids
 How much solute can
dissolve in water?
 Solubility graph can tell you
1. Most compounds show
a(n) ________ in
solubility as temp. inc.
2. Which compound shows
the greatest increase in
solubility as temp inc?
3. Which compound(s)
actually dec in solubility
as temp inc.?
4. How much potassium
nitrate will dissolve in
100 ml of water at 40o
C?
5. How much sodium
nitrate will dissolve in
100 ml of water at 90o
C?
Solubility Graph
1.Which compound
shows the greatest
increase in solubility as
temp inc?
2.Which compound(s)
actually decrease in
solubility as temp inc.?
3.Which compound has
the highest solubility at
58o
C?
Fill-in the Venn
diagram with
characteristics.
Do not settle out
Pass thru filter
paper
Settle out on standing
Separate w/filter paper
Largest particle size (seen)
Ex: blood, muddy water,
Italian salad dressing
Scatter
light
Dont scatter light/
light passes right thru
Smallest solute
particles
mixtures
Medium particle
size
Dont easily pour
Ex: Jell-o, fog,
milk, mayo,
whipped cream
Ex:
Kool-
aid, salt
water,
brass
Can pour
some
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Elements,Compounds & Mixtures.education.pptx

  • 2. How can you determine whether something is an element or not? They are all listed on the periodic table. ELEMENT SO NG
  • 3. 1. Pure substance Made of only 1 type of particle Ex: copper wire only has copper atoms 2. Cant be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical means
  • 4. 3. Each has a unique set of properties Called characteristic properties Can be physical or chemical 4. Classified by their properties 1. Metals 2. Nonmetals 3. Metalloids Elements Metals Nonmetals Metalloids
  • 5. Develop the concept map by adding info. about metals, nonmetals, & metalloids METALS Shiny Good conductors Malleable Ductile Ex: gold, silver, copper NONMETALS Dull (no shine) Poor conductors At room temp, only a few are solids that are brittle Most are gases Ex: hydrogen, oxygen, helium METALLOIDS Characteristics of metals and nonmetals Semiconductors Ex: silicon, germanium
  • 6. Use placement on the Periodic Table to classify elements
  • 7. Do you know any compounds? How are they different from elements? Characteristics 1. Found in nature more often than pure elements 2. Have more than one element 3. Elements are chemically bonded to each other Mg + O2 makes MgO 4. Pure substances that occur in fixed ratios by mass 1g H to 8g of O in every water molecule 5. Cant be separated by physical means 6. Have their own unique set of properties
  • 9. Mixtures 2 or more substances that are not chemically bonded So diff parts keep their own properties Ex: pizza granite Kool-aid Brass Jello Parts do not occur in a definite ratio Compare the 2 pepperoni pizzas
  • 10. Mixtures Can be physically separated by 1. Distillation 2. Magnet 3. Centrifuge 4. Filtration 5. Evaporation
  • 12. Mixtures Can be heterogeneous (see diff pieces) or homogeneous (uniform appearance) Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions Colloids are classified as heterogeneous in some books and homogeneous in others
  • 13. Solutions look the same throughout From Chem4kids How much solute can dissolve in water? Solubility graph can tell you 1. Most compounds show a(n) ________ in solubility as temp. inc. 2. Which compound shows the greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 3. Which compound(s) actually dec in solubility as temp inc.? 4. How much potassium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 40o C? 5. How much sodium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 90o C?
  • 14. Solubility Graph 1.Which compound shows the greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 2.Which compound(s) actually decrease in solubility as temp inc.? 3.Which compound has the highest solubility at 58o C?
  • 15. Fill-in the Venn diagram with characteristics.
  • 16. Do not settle out Pass thru filter paper Settle out on standing Separate w/filter paper Largest particle size (seen) Ex: blood, muddy water, Italian salad dressing Scatter light Dont scatter light/ light passes right thru Smallest solute particles mixtures Medium particle size Dont easily pour Ex: Jell-o, fog, milk, mayo, whipped cream Ex: Kool- aid, salt water, brass Can pour some