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Energy Loss Reduction Initiatives

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Amit Bhatia
Amit Bhatia

The document discusses initiatives to reduce energy losses in distribution networks. It identifies two main categories of losses - technical losses and non-technical losses. Technical losses occur due to resistance in equipment and lines, while non-technical losses are due to theft of electricity through tampering of meters or direct hooking. Some key initiatives proposed to reduce losses include using low resistance connector systems in transformers and lines, underground cabling to prevent theft, and moving to a three stage distribution network with lower voltages.

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Energy loss reduction initiatives for Distribution Networks Amit Bhatia abhatia@raychemrpg.com Innovation at work
Energy Loss Stages Conversion 65% Transmission 2% Distribution 3% India loses over 20% Energy Not Supplied Non- Technical Losses Technical Losses
Technical Losses Low Power Quality Harmonics Poor Power Factor Flicker & Transients Frequency Variation Transformer Losses No Load Losses Load Losses I2R Losses Connector Losses Cable Losses Non-Linear Loads Inductive Loads Insulator Leakages Secondary Energy Sources Improper Grounding Eddy Current Losses Hysteresis Losses Dielectric Losses Winding Losses Stray Losses Unbalance Harmonics Peak Load Variance Improper Installation / Loose contacts Insufficient Contact Area Unbalance Cable / Conductor Overloading Strand Loosening Undersized cables/condu ctors Peak Load Variance
I2R Losses LV Loss Zones • Transformer Connections • ACB Connections • Feeder Pillar Connections • Distribution Box connections • Meter Connections • LV ABC Connections • D Loops / Binding wire Service Connections LVDS carries High Currents Each Connection generates a heat loss Every Connection counts
Equipment ~Loss Per Annum With Conventional/ Existing Connection System Loss / p.a. for 1000 Nos. population Transformer 11kV/415 V ( 1 MVA) INR 55000 INR 5.50 Crs ACB 2000A INR 13000 INR 1.3 Crs PG Clamp Dog to Dog INR 2000 INR 0.20 Crs Total Annual Loss INR 7 Crs Conventional connectors have high I Square R Losses 1 Unit = INR 5/- Excludes Cost of equipment failure and revenue loss Example
Transformer Connector Shear Bolt Technology Wedge Connectors ~80% Loss reduction* over Conventional Connectors * Source: Case Study: CR Values established in Delhi Utilities & SARI Report US AID Loss Reduction Initiatives Low Resistance Connector Systems
LVDS: Non-Technical Losses Non- Technical Losses Metering Losses Faulty Meters Tampered Meters CT / PT Errors No DT Metering No Energy Audits Theft Bare Conductors / LV ABC / Service cables Transformers/ Distribution Boxes / FP / Meters Billing Errors Incorrect Billing Defaulters unpunished
Theft of Electricity • Direct Hooking on Bare OH / Transformers / Distribution Boxes • Nails/ Insulation Piercing Connectors on LV ABC / Service Cables • Energy Meter Bye Pass
Theft Reduction Initiatives Co-Axial Power Cables Anti Theft Cables & Connector Systems
Underground LT Feed Connection SystemsAntitheft Distribution Boxes Plugin Meter Enclosures
Next Steps :- Three Stage Distribution ? 11kV / 1 kV / 0.415 kV
Thanks abhatia@raychemrpg.com Innovation at work

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Energy Loss Reduction Initiatives

  • 1. Energy loss reduction initiatives for Distribution Networks Amit Bhatia abhatia@raychemrpg.com Innovation at work
  • 2. Energy Loss Stages Conversion 65% Transmission 2% Distribution 3% India loses over 20% Energy Not Supplied Non- Technical Losses Technical Losses
  • 3. Technical Losses Low Power Quality Harmonics Poor Power Factor Flicker & Transients Frequency Variation Transformer Losses No Load Losses Load Losses I2R Losses Connector Losses Cable Losses Non-Linear Loads Inductive Loads Insulator Leakages Secondary Energy Sources Improper Grounding Eddy Current Losses Hysteresis Losses Dielectric Losses Winding Losses Stray Losses Unbalance Harmonics Peak Load Variance Improper Installation / Loose contacts Insufficient Contact Area Unbalance Cable / Conductor Overloading Strand Loosening Undersized cables/condu ctors Peak Load Variance
  • 4. I2R Losses LV Loss Zones • Transformer Connections • ACB Connections • Feeder Pillar Connections • Distribution Box connections • Meter Connections • LV ABC Connections • D Loops / Binding wire Service Connections LVDS carries High Currents Each Connection generates a heat loss Every Connection counts
  • 5. Equipment ~Loss Per Annum With Conventional/ Existing Connection System Loss / p.a. for 1000 Nos. population Transformer 11kV/415 V ( 1 MVA) INR 55000 INR 5.50 Crs ACB 2000A INR 13000 INR 1.3 Crs PG Clamp Dog to Dog INR 2000 INR 0.20 Crs Total Annual Loss INR 7 Crs Conventional connectors have high I Square R Losses 1 Unit = INR 5/- Excludes Cost of equipment failure and revenue loss Example
  • 6. Transformer Connector Shear Bolt Technology Wedge Connectors ~80% Loss reduction* over Conventional Connectors * Source: Case Study: CR Values established in Delhi Utilities & SARI Report US AID Loss Reduction Initiatives Low Resistance Connector Systems
  • 7. LVDS: Non-Technical Losses Non- Technical Losses Metering Losses Faulty Meters Tampered Meters CT / PT Errors No DT Metering No Energy Audits Theft Bare Conductors / LV ABC / Service cables Transformers/ Distribution Boxes / FP / Meters Billing Errors Incorrect Billing Defaulters unpunished
  • 8. Theft of Electricity • Direct Hooking on Bare OH / Transformers / Distribution Boxes • Nails/ Insulation Piercing Connectors on LV ABC / Service Cables • Energy Meter Bye Pass
  • 9. Theft Reduction Initiatives Co-Axial Power Cables Anti Theft Cables & Connector Systems
  • 10. Underground LT Feed Connection SystemsAntitheft Distribution Boxes Plugin Meter Enclosures
  • 11. Next Steps :- Three Stage Distribution ? 11kV / 1 kV / 0.415 kV