際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo
Introduction to
Solar
Photovoltaics (PV)

Vikram Aggarwal
Vikram@EnergySage.com
617-396-7243
Agenda

足

About	
 EnergySage	
 

足

Introduc2on	
 to	
 Solar	
 PV	
 

足

Why	
 consider	
 Solar	
 PV?	
 

足

Rebates	
 and	
 Incen2ves	
 

足

Financing	
 Op2ons	
 

足

Example	
 Solar	
 Economics	
 

足

Ques2ons	
 	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

2
About EnergySage

足

Expedia	
 of	
 Solar	
 

足

Online	
 comparison-足shopping	
 for	
 solar	
 photovoltaic	
 (PV)	
 systems	
 

足

Awarded	
 SunShot	
 Award	
 by	
 Department	
 of	
 Energy	
 	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

3
About EnergySage

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

4
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

Source:	
 	
 Department	
 of	
 Energy	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

5
Examples - Commercial

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

6
Why Consider Solar PV?

≒

Lower,	
 predictable	
 energy	
 costs	
 
 Substan2ally	
 Reduce	
 or	
 Completely	
 Eliminate	
 Your	
 Electric	
 Bill	
 
 Reduce	
 or	
 eliminate	
 expensive	
 demand	
 charges	
 

≒

Great	
 investment	
 returns	
 and	
 tax	
 bene鍖ts	
 
 Greater	
 than	
 25%	
 ROI	
 

≒

Bene鍖ts	
 to	
 corporate	
 brand	
 
 Customers	
 and	
 business	
 partners	
 appreciate	
 sustainability	
 e鍖orts	
 	
 
 Good	
 corporate	
 ci2zens	
 and	
 community	
 economic	
 supporters	
 

≒

Support	
 local	
 economy;	
 Drive	
 Job	
 Growth	
 

≒

Reduced	
 carbon	
 footprint	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Rebates and Incentives
≒

Federal	
 Investment	
 Tax	
 Credit	
 (ITC)	
 
 30%	
 of	
 the	
 installed	
 system	
 cost	
 with	
 no	
 cap	
 
 An	
 actual	
 credit	
 against	
 your	
 tax	
 bill,	
 not	
 just	
 a	
 reduc2on	
 in	
 pre-足tax	
 income	
 
 Can	
 be	
 used	
 against	
 prior	
 year	
 and	
 future	
 projects	
 (consult	
 tax	
 advisor)	
 

≒

Accelerated	
 depreciaKon	
 tax	
 bene鍖ts	
 
 Depreciate	
 the	
 cost	
 of	
 the	
 system	
 over	
 6	
 years	
 
 Tax	
 basis	
 for	
 deprecia2on	
 is	
 85%	
 of	
 the	
 installed	
 system	
 cost	
 

≒

Solar	
 Renewable	
 Energy	
 CerK鍖cates	
 (SRECs)	
 
 All	
 power	
 generated	
 by	
 your	
 solar	
 PV	
 system	
 creates	
 cer2鍖cates	
 that	
 can	
 be	
 sold	
 to	
 u2li2es	
 	
 	
 
 Approximately	
 $200	
 per	
 megawa]	
 of	
 power	
 produced	
 
 Considered	
 taxable	
 income	
 

≒

Net-足Metering	
 
-

When	
 you	
 generate	
 more	
 power	
 than	
 you	
 consume,	
 your	
 meter	
 turns	
 backward	
 to	
 provide	
 a	
 credit	
 

-

Credit	
 is	
 applied	
 at	
 night	
 or	
 when	
 solar	
 power	
 is	
 not	
 being	
 produced	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Financing Options
Type

Cash
Purchase

Debt
Financed
Purchase

Description

Cash Out of
Pocket

Get
30% ITC

Depreciation
Tax Benefit

SREC
Income

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Small down
payment

Yes

Yes

Yes

None

Yes

Yes

Yes

None

No

No

Option

None

No

No

No

≒ Buy the system
≒ Recoup 50%+ investment in first year through tax
incentives
≒ Borrow to pay for system
≒ Recoup 50%+ investment in first year through tax
incentives
≒ Fixed monthly payments for 7 to 12 years

Capital
Lease

≒ Benefit from tax credits
≒ Generate SREC income
≒ Buy-out system at end of term for minimal cost

Operating
Lease

Power
Purchase
Agreement

≒ Fixed monthly payments for 7-12 years
≒ Cost lower than current electricity expense
≒ Buy-out system at end of term at FMV
≒ Buy power at rates that are up to 60% lower for a
term of 10-20 years
≒ Buy-out system at end of term at FMV

(PPA)
EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Financing Options  Pros/Cons
Option

PROS
≒

Own the system

≒

Maximum financial benefits

≒

Fast & easy process

≒

CONS

Operating
Lease

Power
Purchase
Agreement

≒

Potential volatility of SREC values

Minimal cash requirement

≒

Additional debt on balance sheet

≒

Leverage investment for greater ROI

≒

Potential volatility of SREC values

No initial cash investment

≒

Smaller financial benefits

Tax benefits

≒

≒

SREC income

Share financials with solar provider / leasing
company

≒

Capital Lease

Significant cash required

≒

Debt Financed
Purchase

≒

≒

Cash Purchase

Own the system at end of lease term at minimal
cost

≒

Few solar providers offer capital leases

≒

Reduce electric bills by up to 60%

≒

Smaller financial benefit

≒

No initial cash investment

≒

≒

Option to retain SRECs

Share financials with solar provider / leasing
company

≒

Few solar providers offer operating leases

≒

Reduce electric bills by up to 60%

≒

Smaller financial benefit

≒

No initial cash investment

≒

≒

Hedge against rising utility rates

Share financials with solar provider / leasing
company

≒

Few solar providers offer PPAs
EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Selecting the Right Financing
Option for You

Suitable	
 Roof	
 or	
 
Land	
 for	
 Solar	
 
NO	
 

Consider	
 Other	
 
Technologies	
 

YES	
 

Availability	
 of	
 
Cash	
 or	
 Loans	
 

YES	
 

YES	
 

Purchase	
 with	
 
Cash	
 or	
 Loan	
 

NO	
 

NO	
 

Have	
 Su鍖cient	
 
Tax	
 AppeKte	
 

Have	
 Su鍖cient	
 
Tax	
 AppeKte	
 

NO	
 

OperaKng	
 Lease	
 
or	
 	
 
PPA	
 

YES	
 

Capital	
 Lease	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Example of Solar Options*
≒

Massachusetts company
足 Annual cost = $100,000; $2.5M+ over 20 years with 2.5% inflation
足 Consumes 750,000 kWh per year ($0.13/kWh)

≒

Solution: 600 kW ground-mount system

Out	
 of	
 Pocket	
 Costs	
 
Year	
 1	
 

20	
 Year	
 IRR	
 

Payback	
 	
 
(in	
 Years)	
 

20	
 Year	
 Net	
 Financial	
 
Bene鍖t	
 

Cash	
 Purchase	
 

($1.4M)	
 

25%	
 

4	
 

$2.5M	
 

Debt	
 Financed	
 	
 
Purchase	
 

$600,000	
 

NA	
 

Immediate	
 

$2.2M	
 

Capital	
 Lease	
 	
 
(10-足year)	
 

$600,000	
 

NA	
 

Immediate	
 

$2.0M	
 

OperaKng	
 Lease	
 
(10-足year)	
 

NA	
 

NA	
 

Immediate	
 

$1.5M	
 

PPA	
 	
 
(20-足year)	
 

NA	
 

NA	
 

Immediate	
 

$0.6M	
 

OpKon	
 

*Numbers	
 are	
 direcKonal	
 in	
 nature	
 only	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Example: Cumulative Cash-Flow*

*Rough	
 es2mates	
 only	
 	
 EnergySage	
 can	
 provide	
 speci鍖c	
 cash	
 鍖ow	
 es2mates	
 for	
 your	
 business	
 
EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Interested in Solar?

足 Create	
 a	
 property	
 pro鍖le	
 at	
 EnergySage.com	
 
足 Receive	
 mul2ple	
 compe22ve	
 quotes	
 from	
 high	
 quality	
 
providers	
 
足 EnergySage	
 advisors	
 available	
 to	
 help	
 you	
 
足 Get	
 a	
 great	
 deal	
 on	
 solar!	
 

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials
Get Started on EnergySage.com

EnergySage. |

Confidential Materials

15

More Related Content

Energysage_Solar for Businesses

  • 1. Introduction to Solar Photovoltaics (PV) Vikram Aggarwal Vikram@EnergySage.com 617-396-7243
  • 2. Agenda 足 About EnergySage 足 Introduc2on to Solar PV 足 Why consider Solar PV? 足 Rebates and Incen2ves 足 Financing Op2ons 足 Example Solar Economics 足 Ques2ons EnergySage. | Confidential Materials 2
  • 3. About EnergySage 足 Expedia of Solar 足 Online comparison-足shopping for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems 足 Awarded SunShot Award by Department of Energy EnergySage. | Confidential Materials 3
  • 5. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Source: Department of Energy EnergySage. | Confidential Materials 5
  • 6. Examples - Commercial EnergySage. | Confidential Materials 6
  • 7. Why Consider Solar PV? ≒ Lower, predictable energy costs Substan2ally Reduce or Completely Eliminate Your Electric Bill Reduce or eliminate expensive demand charges ≒ Great investment returns and tax bene鍖ts Greater than 25% ROI ≒ Bene鍖ts to corporate brand Customers and business partners appreciate sustainability e鍖orts Good corporate ci2zens and community economic supporters ≒ Support local economy; Drive Job Growth ≒ Reduced carbon footprint EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 8. Rebates and Incentives ≒ Federal Investment Tax Credit (ITC) 30% of the installed system cost with no cap An actual credit against your tax bill, not just a reduc2on in pre-足tax income Can be used against prior year and future projects (consult tax advisor) ≒ Accelerated depreciaKon tax bene鍖ts Depreciate the cost of the system over 6 years Tax basis for deprecia2on is 85% of the installed system cost ≒ Solar Renewable Energy CerK鍖cates (SRECs) All power generated by your solar PV system creates cer2鍖cates that can be sold to u2li2es Approximately $200 per megawa] of power produced Considered taxable income ≒ Net-足Metering - When you generate more power than you consume, your meter turns backward to provide a credit - Credit is applied at night or when solar power is not being produced EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 9. Financing Options Type Cash Purchase Debt Financed Purchase Description Cash Out of Pocket Get 30% ITC Depreciation Tax Benefit SREC Income Yes Yes Yes Yes Small down payment Yes Yes Yes None Yes Yes Yes None No No Option None No No No ≒ Buy the system ≒ Recoup 50%+ investment in first year through tax incentives ≒ Borrow to pay for system ≒ Recoup 50%+ investment in first year through tax incentives ≒ Fixed monthly payments for 7 to 12 years Capital Lease ≒ Benefit from tax credits ≒ Generate SREC income ≒ Buy-out system at end of term for minimal cost Operating Lease Power Purchase Agreement ≒ Fixed monthly payments for 7-12 years ≒ Cost lower than current electricity expense ≒ Buy-out system at end of term at FMV ≒ Buy power at rates that are up to 60% lower for a term of 10-20 years ≒ Buy-out system at end of term at FMV (PPA) EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 10. Financing Options Pros/Cons Option PROS ≒ Own the system ≒ Maximum financial benefits ≒ Fast & easy process ≒ CONS Operating Lease Power Purchase Agreement ≒ Potential volatility of SREC values Minimal cash requirement ≒ Additional debt on balance sheet ≒ Leverage investment for greater ROI ≒ Potential volatility of SREC values No initial cash investment ≒ Smaller financial benefits Tax benefits ≒ ≒ SREC income Share financials with solar provider / leasing company ≒ Capital Lease Significant cash required ≒ Debt Financed Purchase ≒ ≒ Cash Purchase Own the system at end of lease term at minimal cost ≒ Few solar providers offer capital leases ≒ Reduce electric bills by up to 60% ≒ Smaller financial benefit ≒ No initial cash investment ≒ ≒ Option to retain SRECs Share financials with solar provider / leasing company ≒ Few solar providers offer operating leases ≒ Reduce electric bills by up to 60% ≒ Smaller financial benefit ≒ No initial cash investment ≒ ≒ Hedge against rising utility rates Share financials with solar provider / leasing company ≒ Few solar providers offer PPAs EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 11. Selecting the Right Financing Option for You Suitable Roof or Land for Solar NO Consider Other Technologies YES Availability of Cash or Loans YES YES Purchase with Cash or Loan NO NO Have Su鍖cient Tax AppeKte Have Su鍖cient Tax AppeKte NO OperaKng Lease or PPA YES Capital Lease EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 12. Example of Solar Options* ≒ Massachusetts company 足 Annual cost = $100,000; $2.5M+ over 20 years with 2.5% inflation 足 Consumes 750,000 kWh per year ($0.13/kWh) ≒ Solution: 600 kW ground-mount system Out of Pocket Costs Year 1 20 Year IRR Payback (in Years) 20 Year Net Financial Bene鍖t Cash Purchase ($1.4M) 25% 4 $2.5M Debt Financed Purchase $600,000 NA Immediate $2.2M Capital Lease (10-足year) $600,000 NA Immediate $2.0M OperaKng Lease (10-足year) NA NA Immediate $1.5M PPA (20-足year) NA NA Immediate $0.6M OpKon *Numbers are direcKonal in nature only EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 13. Example: Cumulative Cash-Flow* *Rough es2mates only EnergySage can provide speci鍖c cash 鍖ow es2mates for your business EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 14. Interested in Solar? 足 Create a property pro鍖le at EnergySage.com 足 Receive mul2ple compe22ve quotes from high quality providers 足 EnergySage advisors available to help you 足 Get a great deal on solar! EnergySage. | Confidential Materials
  • 15. Get Started on EnergySage.com EnergySage. | Confidential Materials 15