Engineering materials
Download as pptx, pdf1 like166 views
Engineering materials is a 2nd semester course taught by Prof. Dr. Syed Farman Ali Shah. The tentative teaching plan covers key topics like material properties, material selection, and material testing. Students will learn about different engineering materials, their characteristics, and applications.
1 of 4
Download to read offline
Ad
Recommended
Physics 11
Physics 11Mehtab Rai
油
Il documento sembra contenere una ripetizione eccessiva della stessa stringa, 'ratta.pk', senza informazioni utili. Non ci sono dati coerenti o significativi da riassumere. Pertanto, non 竪 possibile fornire un riepilogo informativo valido.Physics 10
Physics 10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses simple harmonic motion and waves. It defines simple harmonic motion (SHM) as oscillatory motion where the net force is directly proportional to displacement from the mean position and directed towards the mean position. Examples of SHM include a mass attached to a spring, a ball in a bowl, and a pendulum. Key characteristics of SHM are outlined. The document also introduces different types of waves and their properties.Physics 9
Physics 9Mehtab Rai
油
This document outlines a unit on physical quantities and measurement for students. It introduces key concepts like the role of physics in science and technology, physical quantities and units, the International System of Units (SI), measuring instruments, and significant figures. Students will learn to measure length, mass, time and volume using tools like rulers, calipers, and balances. They will also understand the limitations of different instruments and the importance of recording measurements accurately using significant figures. The goals are for students to be able to compare instrument accuracies, determine quantities like area and volume precisely, and apply measurement skills to daily life and other physics topics.Maths 12
Maths 12Mehtab Rai
油
This document provides an introduction to functions and their key concepts. It defines a function as a rule that assigns each element in one set to a unique element in another set. Functions can be represented graphically and algebraically. Common types of functions discussed include polynomial, linear, constant, rational, trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, and hyperbolic functions. Examples are provided to illustrate domain, range, and graphing of different function types.Maths 11
Maths 11Mehtab Rai
油
The document summarizes the development of number systems from ancient times to modern real numbers. It begins with early humans using tally marks to count sheep and cattle. Ancient Egyptians had a base-10 system using symbols for 10 and 100 that were repeated to represent larger numbers. Over time, more advanced societies developed more complex systems until the modern real number system was established. This system includes natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, and real numbers. It discusses the properties of these different types of numbers.Maths 10
Maths 10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and importance of chocolate in human civilization. It notes that chocolate originated in Mesoamerica over 3000 years ago and was prized by the Aztecs and Mayans for its taste. Cocoa beans were used as currency and their cultivation was tightly regulated. The document stresses that chocolate became widely popular in Europe only after the 16th century Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica introduced it globally.Maths 9
Maths 9Mehtab Rai
油
The document defines matrices and their properties. It discusses the key concepts of matrices including:
- Types of matrices such as row, column, rectangular, square, null, diagonal, and identity matrices.
- Properties of matrices including order, rows, columns, equality, transpose, addition, multiplication, and inverse.
- Special matrices like symmetric, skew-symmetric, and scalar matrices.
- How to evaluate determinants of square matrices and solve systems of linear equations using matrices.Home economics 10
Home economics 10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to modern advances in machine learning using neural networks. While progress has been made, fully general artificial intelligence that can match or exceed human levels of intelligence remains an ongoing challenge being pursued by researchers.Home economics 9
Home economics 9Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and development of chocolate over centuries. It details how chocolate originated from cacao beans in South and Central America that were used as currency by the Aztecs and Mayans. The Spanish introduced chocolate to Europe in the 16th century, where it became popular as a drink among the elite. Chocolate production methods were refined over the next few centuries to create chocolate candy and other products that are widely enjoyed around the world today.Education 9-10
Education 9-10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.Economics 12
Economics 12Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history of chocolate, describing how it originated from cacao beans grown by the Olmecs and Mayans in Mexico and Central America. It then explains how Spanish conquistadors brought cacao beans back to Europe in the 16th century, where it eventually became popular as a drink among the elite. Over time, chocolate became widely consumed in Europe as its popularity grew.Economics 11
Economics 11Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and evolution of chocolate production. It details how cocoa beans are harvested and fermented before being dried, roasted, and ground into chocolate liquor. The liquor is then further processed through conching and tempering to produce smooth chocolate for consumption.Economics 9-10
Economics 9-10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and current state of climate change research. It notes that scientific consensus has formed around the occurrence of climate change due to human activity like fossil fuel burning. Recent years have seen increasing temperatures, sea level rise, and more extreme weather events consistent with the scientific predictions about climate change impacts.Chemistry 10
Chemistry 10Mehtab Rai
油
Il documento 竪 ripetitivo e sembra contenere solo la stringa 'ratta.pk' senza fornire altre informazioni significative. Non ci sono contenuti chiari o strutturati che possano essere riassunti. Di conseguenza, non 竪 possibile fornire un riepilogo utile.Chemistry 9
Chemistry 9Mehtab Rai
油
Physical chemistry is the branch that deals with the relationship between composition, physical properties, and changes in matter. It studies properties like atomic/molecular structure, behavior of gases/liquids/solids, and the effect of temperature/radiation on matter. Organic chemistry studies carbon-containing compounds like hydrocarbons and their derivatives that occur naturally or are synthesized. Inorganic chemistry deals with all elements and their compounds except hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Biochemistry studies the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances in living organisms.Biology 12
Biology 12Mehtab Rai
油
The document is a repetitive list stating that an unnamed book was uploaded multiple times by the website www.educatedzone.com, with no other details provided.Mass transfer 192
Mass transfer 192Mehtab Rai
油
1. Chemical engineering deals with converting raw materials into useful products through industrial processes. Chemical engineers design and operate plants to efficiently and economically produce products that meet customer requirements.
2. Mass transfer is the movement of a component from one location to another where the concentration is different. It occurs through molecular diffusion and eddy diffusion. Molecular diffusion is the random movement of molecules due to thermal motion.
3. Fick's law of diffusion states that the flux of a diffusing substance is proportional to the concentration gradient. Mass transfer stops when concentrations are uniform.Introduction to heat transfer 26
Introduction to heat transfer 26Mehtab Rai
油
This document provides an introduction to heat transfer, outlining the key modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation) and summarizing their main characteristics in 3 pages. It defines heat transfer and discusses how heat always moves from warmer to cooler places. The three modes of heat transfer - conduction, convection, and radiation - are then each described in one paragraph summaries. Key factors affecting thermal conductivity are also outlined.Flow & heat or mass transfer in the ch process industry 216
Flow & heat or mass transfer in the ch process industry 216Mehtab Rai
油
This document is an editorial for a special issue of the journal Fluids on flow and heat/mass transfer in the chemical process industry. It provides an introduction to the importance of understanding the interaction between flow and transfer for equipment design in chemical plants. Flow patterns impact processes like mixing, heat exchange, and mass transfer. The special issue contains research papers covering topics like microfluidics, biological fluid mechanics, membranes, turbulent flows, and gas-liquid flows. It aims to provide a forum for developments in experiments, computations, and theory regarding the coupling of flow and transfer in single- and multi-phase flows across a wide range of scales relevant to industrial processes.Basics of heat transfer 17
Basics of heat transfer 17Mehtab Rai
油
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects due to a temperature difference. There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of kinetic energy between adjacent particles in direct contact. Convection involves the combined effects of conduction and fluid flow. Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. Fourier's law and Newton's law of cooling quantitatively describe conductive and convective heat transfer respectively.Mass transfer (practical) Assignment
Mass transfer (practical) AssignmentMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses various industrial processes and equipment, including rising film evaporators for concentrating liquids, liquid-liquid extractors for mass transfer, cooling towers for heat exchange, and ion exchange systems for separating ionic contaminants. It highlights the applications and advantages of each system, such as energy efficiency, reduced solvent consumption, and effectiveness in removing impurities from liquids. Additionally, it covers solid-liquid extraction methods and their importance in industries like pharmaceuticals and food processing.Types of corrosion
Types of corrosionMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses different types of corrosion including uniform, nonuniform, stain, pitting, point, undersurface, selective, intergranular, transgranular, and extraction corrosion. It also discusses rust protection methods such as controlling the corroding medium, material selection, surface treatments like coatings, and cathodic protection. Surface treatments aim to isolate, enrich, or form inhibitor layers on the metal surface to protect against corrosion.Steels
SteelsMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the classification and types of steels. It is divided into three main sections. The first section covers the classification of non-alloy steels (carbon steels) and alloy steels based on their carbon content and alloying elements. The second section discusses structural steels, including non-alloy, low alloy, medium alloy and high alloy steels used in applications like construction, machinery and tools. The third section covers tool steels, distinguishing between non-heat resistant, semi-heat resistant and heat resistant varieties used for different temperature applications.Corrosion
CorrosionMehtab Rai
油
Corrosion is the deterioration of metal due to its interaction with the environment, which is a natural phenomenon. For corrosion to occur, there must be two areas of differing electrical potential on a metal structure that are electrically connected and exposed to a common electrolyte like soil or water. The rate of corrosion depends on factors like the potential difference between the anode and cathode, resistivity of the electrolyte, and presence of stray currents. Common types of corrosion include uniform, localized, and pitting corrosion, which commonly affect buried piping, steel piles, storage tanks, reinforced concrete, and ships.Characteristics of materials
Characteristics of materialsMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the different types of properties that materials can have including physical, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties. Materials have both intensive properties that depend on the material's composition, as well as extensive properties that depend on the amount of material. Studying the various properties of a material is important for understanding its characteristics and how it will behave.Thermodynamic cycles4.ppt
Thermodynamic cycles4.pptMehtab Rai
油
This document discusses the Diesel and Brayton thermodynamic cycles. It provides details on:
- The history and development of the Diesel cycle, invented by Rudolf Diesel in 1893, including its use of compression ignition and the differences from the Otto cycle.
- The thermodynamic processes that characterize the Diesel cycle and how it has evolved from early constant pressure combustion to the modern dual cycle with both constant pressure and volume combustion.
- The Brayton cycle, introduced in 1872, which uses separate compression and expansion cylinders and constant combustion.
- The ideal processes that make up the Brayton cycle and how to analyze it thermally using pressure and temperature ratios along with the concepts of backMore Related Content
More from Mehtab Rai (20)
Home economics 9
Home economics 9Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and development of chocolate over centuries. It details how chocolate originated from cacao beans in South and Central America that were used as currency by the Aztecs and Mayans. The Spanish introduced chocolate to Europe in the 16th century, where it became popular as a drink among the elite. Chocolate production methods were refined over the next few centuries to create chocolate candy and other products that are widely enjoyed around the world today.Education 9-10
Education 9-10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.Economics 12
Economics 12Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history of chocolate, describing how it originated from cacao beans grown by the Olmecs and Mayans in Mexico and Central America. It then explains how Spanish conquistadors brought cacao beans back to Europe in the 16th century, where it eventually became popular as a drink among the elite. Over time, chocolate became widely consumed in Europe as its popularity grew.Economics 11
Economics 11Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and evolution of chocolate production. It details how cocoa beans are harvested and fermented before being dried, roasted, and ground into chocolate liquor. The liquor is then further processed through conching and tempering to produce smooth chocolate for consumption.Economics 9-10
Economics 9-10Mehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the history and current state of climate change research. It notes that scientific consensus has formed around the occurrence of climate change due to human activity like fossil fuel burning. Recent years have seen increasing temperatures, sea level rise, and more extreme weather events consistent with the scientific predictions about climate change impacts.Chemistry 10
Chemistry 10Mehtab Rai
油
Il documento 竪 ripetitivo e sembra contenere solo la stringa 'ratta.pk' senza fornire altre informazioni significative. Non ci sono contenuti chiari o strutturati che possano essere riassunti. Di conseguenza, non 竪 possibile fornire un riepilogo utile.Chemistry 9
Chemistry 9Mehtab Rai
油
Physical chemistry is the branch that deals with the relationship between composition, physical properties, and changes in matter. It studies properties like atomic/molecular structure, behavior of gases/liquids/solids, and the effect of temperature/radiation on matter. Organic chemistry studies carbon-containing compounds like hydrocarbons and their derivatives that occur naturally or are synthesized. Inorganic chemistry deals with all elements and their compounds except hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Biochemistry studies the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances in living organisms.Biology 12
Biology 12Mehtab Rai
油
The document is a repetitive list stating that an unnamed book was uploaded multiple times by the website www.educatedzone.com, with no other details provided.Mass transfer 192
Mass transfer 192Mehtab Rai
油
1. Chemical engineering deals with converting raw materials into useful products through industrial processes. Chemical engineers design and operate plants to efficiently and economically produce products that meet customer requirements.
2. Mass transfer is the movement of a component from one location to another where the concentration is different. It occurs through molecular diffusion and eddy diffusion. Molecular diffusion is the random movement of molecules due to thermal motion.
3. Fick's law of diffusion states that the flux of a diffusing substance is proportional to the concentration gradient. Mass transfer stops when concentrations are uniform.Introduction to heat transfer 26
Introduction to heat transfer 26Mehtab Rai
油
This document provides an introduction to heat transfer, outlining the key modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation) and summarizing their main characteristics in 3 pages. It defines heat transfer and discusses how heat always moves from warmer to cooler places. The three modes of heat transfer - conduction, convection, and radiation - are then each described in one paragraph summaries. Key factors affecting thermal conductivity are also outlined.Flow & heat or mass transfer in the ch process industry 216
Flow & heat or mass transfer in the ch process industry 216Mehtab Rai
油
This document is an editorial for a special issue of the journal Fluids on flow and heat/mass transfer in the chemical process industry. It provides an introduction to the importance of understanding the interaction between flow and transfer for equipment design in chemical plants. Flow patterns impact processes like mixing, heat exchange, and mass transfer. The special issue contains research papers covering topics like microfluidics, biological fluid mechanics, membranes, turbulent flows, and gas-liquid flows. It aims to provide a forum for developments in experiments, computations, and theory regarding the coupling of flow and transfer in single- and multi-phase flows across a wide range of scales relevant to industrial processes.Basics of heat transfer 17
Basics of heat transfer 17Mehtab Rai
油
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects due to a temperature difference. There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of kinetic energy between adjacent particles in direct contact. Convection involves the combined effects of conduction and fluid flow. Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. Fourier's law and Newton's law of cooling quantitatively describe conductive and convective heat transfer respectively.Mass transfer (practical) Assignment
Mass transfer (practical) AssignmentMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses various industrial processes and equipment, including rising film evaporators for concentrating liquids, liquid-liquid extractors for mass transfer, cooling towers for heat exchange, and ion exchange systems for separating ionic contaminants. It highlights the applications and advantages of each system, such as energy efficiency, reduced solvent consumption, and effectiveness in removing impurities from liquids. Additionally, it covers solid-liquid extraction methods and their importance in industries like pharmaceuticals and food processing.Types of corrosion
Types of corrosionMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses different types of corrosion including uniform, nonuniform, stain, pitting, point, undersurface, selective, intergranular, transgranular, and extraction corrosion. It also discusses rust protection methods such as controlling the corroding medium, material selection, surface treatments like coatings, and cathodic protection. Surface treatments aim to isolate, enrich, or form inhibitor layers on the metal surface to protect against corrosion.Steels
SteelsMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the classification and types of steels. It is divided into three main sections. The first section covers the classification of non-alloy steels (carbon steels) and alloy steels based on their carbon content and alloying elements. The second section discusses structural steels, including non-alloy, low alloy, medium alloy and high alloy steels used in applications like construction, machinery and tools. The third section covers tool steels, distinguishing between non-heat resistant, semi-heat resistant and heat resistant varieties used for different temperature applications.Corrosion
CorrosionMehtab Rai
油
Corrosion is the deterioration of metal due to its interaction with the environment, which is a natural phenomenon. For corrosion to occur, there must be two areas of differing electrical potential on a metal structure that are electrically connected and exposed to a common electrolyte like soil or water. The rate of corrosion depends on factors like the potential difference between the anode and cathode, resistivity of the electrolyte, and presence of stray currents. Common types of corrosion include uniform, localized, and pitting corrosion, which commonly affect buried piping, steel piles, storage tanks, reinforced concrete, and ships.Characteristics of materials
Characteristics of materialsMehtab Rai
油
The document discusses the different types of properties that materials can have including physical, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties. Materials have both intensive properties that depend on the material's composition, as well as extensive properties that depend on the amount of material. Studying the various properties of a material is important for understanding its characteristics and how it will behave.Thermodynamic cycles4.ppt
Thermodynamic cycles4.pptMehtab Rai
油
This document discusses the Diesel and Brayton thermodynamic cycles. It provides details on:
- The history and development of the Diesel cycle, invented by Rudolf Diesel in 1893, including its use of compression ignition and the differences from the Otto cycle.
- The thermodynamic processes that characterize the Diesel cycle and how it has evolved from early constant pressure combustion to the modern dual cycle with both constant pressure and volume combustion.
- The Brayton cycle, introduced in 1872, which uses separate compression and expansion cylinders and constant combustion.
- The ideal processes that make up the Brayton cycle and how to analyze it thermally using pressure and temperature ratios along with the concepts of backRecently uploaded (20)
Learning Types of Machine Learning Supervised Learning Unsupervised UNI...
Learning Types of Machine Learning Supervised Learning Unsupervised UNI...23Q95A6706
油
Learning Types of Machine Learning Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning- semi supervised learning - The Brain and the Neuron Design a Learning System Perspectives and Issues in Machine Learning Concept Learning Task Concept Learning as Search Finding a Maximally Specific Hypothesis Version Spaces and the Candidate Elimination Algorithm
International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT)
International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT)ijait
油
International journal of advanced Information technology (IJAIT) is a bi monthly open access peer-
reviewed journal, will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches,
developments, and research projects in the area advanced information technology applications and
services. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry
professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the area of advanced IT. Core areas of
advanced IT and multi-disciplinary and its applications will be covered during the conferences.Microwatt: Open Tiny Core, Big Possibilities
Microwatt: Open Tiny Core, Big PossibilitiesIBM
油
Microwatt is a lightweight, open-source core based on the OpenPOWER ISA.
Its designed for FPGAs and easy experimentation in chip design.
Ideal for education, prototyping, and custom silicon development.
Fully open, it empowers developers to learn, modify, and innovate.Machine Learning - Classification Algorithms
Machine Learning - Classification Algorithmsresming1
油
This covers traditional machine learning algorithms for classification. It includes Support vector machines, decision trees, Naive Bayes classifier , neural networks, etc.
It also discusses about model evaluation and selection. It discusses ID3 and C4.5 algorithms. It also describes k-nearest neighbor classifer.David Boutry - Mentors Junior Developers
David Boutry - Mentors Junior DevelopersDavid Boutry
油
David Boutry is a Senior Software Engineer in New York with expertise in high-performance data processing and cloud technologies like AWS and Kubernetes. With over eight years in the field, he has led projects that improved system scalability and reduced processing times by 40%. He actively mentors aspiring developers and holds certifications in AWS, Scrum, and Azure.Complete University of Calculus :: 2nd edition
Complete University of Calculus :: 2nd editionShabista Imam
油
Master the language of change with the Complete Guidance Book of Calculusyour comprehensive resource for understanding the core concepts and applications of differential and integral calculus. Designed for high school, college, and self-study learners, this book takes a clear, intuitive approach to a subject often considered challenging.Decoding Kotlin - Your Guide to Solving the Mysterious in Kotlin - Devoxx PL ...
Decoding Kotlin - Your Guide to Solving the Mysterious in Kotlin - Devoxx PL ...Jo達o Esperancinha
油
Kotlin can be very handy and easy to use. Kotlin offers the possibility to develop code that is easy to understand, safe, immutable, and thus predictable and follows standards that avoid side effects. I realized that very quickly after I started my Kotlin journey that already amounts to more than 5 years.
This is the third version of this presentation focused on more detail explaining inline, crossinline, tailrec and as a bonus a quick run through unnamed classes.Abraham Silberschatz-Operating System Concepts (9th,2012.12).pdf
Abraham Silberschatz-Operating System Concepts (9th,2012.12).pdfShabista Imam
油
Complete book of operating system edition 9Proposal for folders structure division in projects.pdf
Proposal for folders structure division in projects.pdfMohamed Ahmed
油
Proposal for folders structure division in projectsComplete guidance book of Asp.Net Web API
Complete guidance book of Asp.Net Web APIShabista Imam
油
Unlock the full potential of modern web development with the Complete Guidance Book of ASP.NET Web APIyour all-in-one resource for mastering RESTful services using Microsofts powerful ASP.NET Core framework. This book takes you on a step-by-step journey from beginner to expert, covering everything from routing and controllers to security, performance optimization, and real-world architecture.A Cluster-Based Trusted Secure Multipath Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc N...
A Cluster-Based Trusted Secure Multipath Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc N...IJCNCJournal
油
Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a self-organizing and flexible system. MANET systems manage sensitive data from many distinct applications in various domains. Its dynamic nature increases its vulnerability to numerous types of security threats. Many of the present approaches using indirect approaches provide false approximations of trust degrees. It is significantly required a good routing system that meets Quality of Service (QoS) standards and enhances network performance. In this paper purposed cluster-based trustworthy safe multipath routing (CTSMP-Routing) for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Load balancing challenge is addressed by using a modified proportional topology optimization (MPTO) approach using geographical data related to network nodes. The Enhanced Seeker Search Optimization (ESSO) approach is used to compute trust degrees after the clustering phase considering numerous network constraints including node mobility, received signal strength, energy consumption, and cooperation rate. Assumed to be the service node, the node showing the highest degree of trust manages inter-cluster routing. We have developed a hybrid soft computing approach termed the multi-layer deep recurrent neural network (ML-DRNN) to enhance the optimal path-finding process. This method selects, among many routes between source and destination nodes, the best one quickly. The outcomes of this paper demonstrate that CTSMP-Routing provides effective protection against several attack paths within the MANET environment and displays better performance in regard to quality of service (QoS) requirements.Ad
Engineering materials
- 1. ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2nd Semester PROF.DR.SYED FARMAN ALI SHAH