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Student: Costache Adrian
Grupa: 8215

Photographer Samoilă MirzaPhotographer Samoilă Mirza
• Samoilă Mârza was an Austro-was an Austro-
Hungarian-born RomanianHungarian-born Romanian
photographer. A native ofphotographer. A native of
Transylvania region and a veteran ofTransylvania region and a veteran of
World War I, he is best known forWorld War I, he is best known for
taking the only photographs of thetaking the only photographs of the
Great National Assembly at AlbaGreat National Assembly at Alba
Iulia that proclaimed the Union ofIulia that proclaimed the Union of
Transylvania with Romania onTransylvania with Romania on
December 1, 1918. The day isDecember 1, 1918. The day is
celebrated as Romania's nationalcelebrated as Romania's national
holiday, and, with time, Mârza'sholiday, and, with time, Mârza's
images acquired political andimages acquired political and
documentary significance.documentary significance.

• Born to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village,ȘBorn to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village,Ș
Sântimbru Commune, Alba County, Mârza attended a Greek-CatholicSântimbru Commune, Alba County, Mârza attended a Greek-Catholic
primary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Betweenprimary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Between
1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in
Sibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World WarSibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World War
I in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in theI in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in the
Austro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front inAustro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front in
Galicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to theGalicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to the
Italian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic andItalian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic and
photographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fightingphotographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fighting
soldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him thesoldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him the
first Romanian war photographerfirst Romanian war photographer

• As the war drew to a close in late 1918,As the war drew to a close in late 1918,
Mârza was in Trieste, whence he left forMârza was in Trieste, whence he left for
Vienna together with many otherVienna together with many other
Transylvanian Romanian soldiers. HeTransylvanian Romanian soldiers. He
arrived there in early November,arrived there in early November,
planning to head home.planning to head home.

• That month in the Austrian capital, he took threeThat month in the Austrian capital, he took three
pictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flagpictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flag
belonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in thebelonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in the
presence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliupresence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliu
Maniu and the assembled troops. Together with severalManiu and the assembled troops. Together with several
thousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania fromthousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania from
Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly.Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly.
The road through Budapest and Arad was blocked byThe road through Budapest and Arad was blocked by
Hungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they wentHungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they went
instead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timişoara, where Serbianinstead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timişoara, where Serbian
forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.

• The Great National Assembly at AlbaThe Great National Assembly at Alba
Iulia proclaimed the Union of TransylvaniaIulia proclaimed the Union of Transylvania
with Romania on December 1. Thatwith Romania on December 1. That
morning, Mârza took three pictures of hismorning, Mârza took three pictures of his
fellow villagers before heading for the city.fellow villagers before heading for the city.

• Arriving with a delegation from GaltiuArriving with a delegation from Galtiu
around 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carriedaround 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carried
his camera, then about fifteen years old, in ahis camera, then about fifteen years old, in a
sheepskin bag, his tripod and glass platessheepskin bag, his tripod and glass plates
on a bicycle.on a bicycle.

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Engleza 456

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