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Samoil Mirza was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian photographer best known for taking the only photographs of the 1918 Great National Assembly at Alba Iulia, where Transylvania united with Romania. Born in Transylvania, Mirza apprenticed as a photographer and served in World War I, becoming one of Romania's first war photographers. In late 1918, he traveled to Alba Iulia to photograph the unification assembly, taking the historic images that documented Romania's national day. His photographs became politically and historically significant as representations of Transylvania joining Romania.

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Photographer Samoil MirzaPhotographer Samoil Mirza Samoil M但rza was an Austro-was an Austro- Hungarian-born RomanianHungarian-born Romanian photographer. A native ofphotographer. A native of Transylvania region and a veteran ofTransylvania region and a veteran of World War I, he is best known forWorld War I, he is best known for taking the only photographs of thetaking the only photographs of the Great National Assembly at AlbaGreat National Assembly at Alba Iulia that proclaimed the Union ofIulia that proclaimed the Union of Transylvania with Romania onTransylvania with Romania on December 1, 1918. The day isDecember 1, 1918. The day is celebrated as Romania's nationalcelebrated as Romania's national holiday, and, with time, M但rza'sholiday, and, with time, M但rza's images acquired political andimages acquired political and documentary significance.documentary significance.
Born to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village,Born to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village, S但ntimbru Commune, Alba County, M但rza attended a Greek-CatholicS但ntimbru Commune, Alba County, M但rza attended a Greek-Catholic primary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Betweenprimary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Between 1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in Sibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World WarSibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in theI in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front inAustro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front in Galicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to theGalicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to the Italian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic andItalian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic and photographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fightingphotographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fighting soldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him thesoldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him the first Romanian war photographerfirst Romanian war photographer
As the war drew to a close in late 1918,As the war drew to a close in late 1918, M但rza was in Trieste, whence he left forM但rza was in Trieste, whence he left for Vienna together with many otherVienna together with many other Transylvanian Romanian soldiers. HeTransylvanian Romanian soldiers. He arrived there in early November,arrived there in early November, planning to head home.planning to head home.
That month in the Austrian capital, he took threeThat month in the Austrian capital, he took three pictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flagpictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flag belonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in thebelonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in the presence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliupresence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliu Maniu and the assembled troops. Together with severalManiu and the assembled troops. Together with several thousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania fromthousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania from Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly.Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly. The road through Budapest and Arad was blocked byThe road through Budapest and Arad was blocked by Hungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they wentHungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they went instead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timioara, where Serbianinstead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timioara, where Serbian forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.
The Great National Assembly at AlbaThe Great National Assembly at Alba Iulia proclaimed the Union of TransylvaniaIulia proclaimed the Union of Transylvania with Romania on December 1. Thatwith Romania on December 1. That morning, M但rza took three pictures of hismorning, M但rza took three pictures of his fellow villagers before heading for the city.fellow villagers before heading for the city.
Arriving with a delegation from GaltiuArriving with a delegation from Galtiu around 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carriedaround 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carried his camera, then about fifteen years old, in ahis camera, then about fifteen years old, in a sheepskin bag, his tripod and glass platessheepskin bag, his tripod and glass plates on a bicycle.on a bicycle.
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Engleza 456

  • 2. Photographer Samoil MirzaPhotographer Samoil Mirza Samoil M但rza was an Austro-was an Austro- Hungarian-born RomanianHungarian-born Romanian photographer. A native ofphotographer. A native of Transylvania region and a veteran ofTransylvania region and a veteran of World War I, he is best known forWorld War I, he is best known for taking the only photographs of thetaking the only photographs of the Great National Assembly at AlbaGreat National Assembly at Alba Iulia that proclaimed the Union ofIulia that proclaimed the Union of Transylvania with Romania onTransylvania with Romania on December 1, 1918. The day isDecember 1, 1918. The day is celebrated as Romania's nationalcelebrated as Romania's national holiday, and, with time, M但rza'sholiday, and, with time, M但rza's images acquired political andimages acquired political and documentary significance.documentary significance.
  • 3. Born to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village,Born to peasant parents tefan and Ana in Galtiu village, S但ntimbru Commune, Alba County, M但rza attended a Greek-CatholicS但ntimbru Commune, Alba County, M但rza attended a Greek-Catholic primary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Betweenprimary school in the village and high school in Alba Iulia. Between 1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in1909 and 1911, his parents sent him as apprentice to a photographer in Sibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World WarSibiu, where he learned the profession. With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in theI in 1914, he was mobilized and sent into battle as a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front inAustro-Hungarian Army, where he served first on the Austrian front in Galicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to theGalicia, reaching as far north as Riga, before being transferred to the Italian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic andItalian Front in 1916. As part of the army's topographic and photographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fightingphotographic service for over three years, he took pictures of fighting soldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him thesoldiers and scenes of the war's devastation, likely making him the first Romanian war photographerfirst Romanian war photographer
  • 4. As the war drew to a close in late 1918,As the war drew to a close in late 1918, M但rza was in Trieste, whence he left forM但rza was in Trieste, whence he left for Vienna together with many otherVienna together with many other Transylvanian Romanian soldiers. HeTransylvanian Romanian soldiers. He arrived there in early November,arrived there in early November, planning to head home.planning to head home.
  • 5. That month in the Austrian capital, he took threeThat month in the Austrian capital, he took three pictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flagpictures depicting the blessing of the first tricolor flag belonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in thebelonging to the Central National Romanian Council, in the presence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliupresence of General Ioan Boieriu, of political leader Iuliu Maniu and the assembled troops. Together with severalManiu and the assembled troops. Together with several thousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania fromthousand soldiers, he returned to Transylvania from Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly.Vienna in order to participate at the Alba Iulia assembly. The road through Budapest and Arad was blocked byThe road through Budapest and Arad was blocked by Hungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they wentHungarian forces hostile to the Council, so they went instead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timioara, where Serbianinstead via Zagreb, Belgrade and Timioara, where Serbian forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.forces allowed them to pass provided they were disarmed.
  • 6. The Great National Assembly at AlbaThe Great National Assembly at Alba Iulia proclaimed the Union of TransylvaniaIulia proclaimed the Union of Transylvania with Romania on December 1. Thatwith Romania on December 1. That morning, M但rza took three pictures of hismorning, M但rza took three pictures of his fellow villagers before heading for the city.fellow villagers before heading for the city.
  • 7. Arriving with a delegation from GaltiuArriving with a delegation from Galtiu around 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carriedaround 11 a.m. on a cloudy day, he carried his camera, then about fifteen years old, in ahis camera, then about fifteen years old, in a sheepskin bag, his tripod and glass platessheepskin bag, his tripod and glass plates on a bicycle.on a bicycle.