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Equivalence Class
Testing
Venkatesh-Prasad Ranganath
Kansas State University
Equivalence Classes
m
n
f
d
a c
e
b
m2m1
m0, m1, m2,
and m3 are
equivalence
classes of m
m0 m3
m1 and m2
are valid
equivalence
classes of m
We can de鍖ne
similar eq.
classes for n
Weak Normal Equivalence
Class Testing
m
n
f
d
a c
e
b
Covers all valid
eq. classes
of each variable
Weak Robust Equivalence
Class Testing
m
n
f
d
a c
e
b
Covers all
eq. classes
of each variable
Strong Normal Equivalence
Class Testing
m
n
f
d
a c
e
b
Covers all
combinations of
all valid eq. classes
of each variable
Strong Robust Equivalence
Class Testing
m
n
f
d
a c
e
b
Covers all
combinations of
all eq. classes
of each variable
Limitations
 Arriving at correct equivalent classes may not be
easy
 Often relies on domain knowledge
 Possible to introduce
 redundant test cases
 incomplete test suite
 impossible test cases
Type of Triangle
 Universe of test data (input) is the set of all triples of
positive integers
 Properties
 p0(x, y, z) is true if x+y>z and z+x>y and y+z>x
 p1(x, y, z) is true if x==y==z
 p2(x, y, z) is true if x==y or y==z or z==x
 Equivalence Classes
 Not-a-triangle: all triples satisfying !p0
 Equilateral: all triples satisfying p0 and p1
 since p1 implies p0, we could drop p0
 Isosceles: all triples satisfying p0, !p1, and p2
 Scalene: all triples satisfying p0, !p1, and !p2

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Equivalence Class Testing [8] - Software Testing Techniques (CIS640)

  • 2. Equivalence Classes m n f d a c e b m2m1 m0, m1, m2, and m3 are equivalence classes of m m0 m3 m1 and m2 are valid equivalence classes of m We can de鍖ne similar eq. classes for n
  • 3. Weak Normal Equivalence Class Testing m n f d a c e b Covers all valid eq. classes of each variable
  • 4. Weak Robust Equivalence Class Testing m n f d a c e b Covers all eq. classes of each variable
  • 5. Strong Normal Equivalence Class Testing m n f d a c e b Covers all combinations of all valid eq. classes of each variable
  • 6. Strong Robust Equivalence Class Testing m n f d a c e b Covers all combinations of all eq. classes of each variable
  • 7. Limitations Arriving at correct equivalent classes may not be easy Often relies on domain knowledge Possible to introduce redundant test cases incomplete test suite impossible test cases
  • 8. Type of Triangle Universe of test data (input) is the set of all triples of positive integers Properties p0(x, y, z) is true if x+y>z and z+x>y and y+z>x p1(x, y, z) is true if x==y==z p2(x, y, z) is true if x==y or y==z or z==x Equivalence Classes Not-a-triangle: all triples satisfying !p0 Equilateral: all triples satisfying p0 and p1 since p1 implies p0, we could drop p0 Isosceles: all triples satisfying p0, !p1, and p2 Scalene: all triples satisfying p0, !p1, and !p2