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ESSENTIAL AND BENEFICIAL PLANT NUTRIENTS.pptx

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DAMUS MWANGI

Plant require various nutrients in different amount so that they may grow, reproduce and complete their life cycle. some mineral elements are essential and others beneficial. There are minerals that a plant cant complete its life cycle without and there are others that are not that essential thus the name beneficial.

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ESSENTIALAND BENEFICIAL PLANT NUTRIENTS
Essential nutrients To be able to germinate, grow and reproduce plants must have specific elements These are elements so critical that plants cannot complete their lifecycle in their absence. They are 17: C, H, O, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Zn, B, Mn, FE, Mo, Cu, Cl, Ni. Macro nutrients- they are elements that are required in large amounts like N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S. Micro nutrients- they are elements required in small quantities like Zn, B, Mn, FE, Mo, Cu, Cl, Ni.
Criteria for essentiality of elements Requirements for essentiality : i. A plant cannot complete its life cycle in absence of the element ii. The elements function is not replaceable by another element iii. The element in directly involved in metabolism
Macro nutrients Primary nutrients 1. Carbon(C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen(O) 4. Nitrogen (N) 5.Phosphorous (P) 6. Potassium (K) Secondary nutrients 7. Calcium (Ca) 8. magnesium (Mg) 9. Sulphur (S)
Beneficial elements These are mineral elements that only stimulate growth but dont satisfy criteria for essentiality They are: Aluminum, Cobalt, Sodium, Selenium, Silicon They are helpful in some plants only like Silicon for rice Not critical for all plants but may improve yield
Role of silicon Acts as a physical barrier and enhance plants resistance to toxic elements Helps reduce salt damage in saline conditions Reduce drought stress by improving plant water status Improves rice yields Reduce susceptibility to insect damage and disease
Role of cobalt Required by Rhizobia for nitrogen fixation Its the primary component of vitamin B12 Its a component in some enzymes Some researchers suggest it plays vital role in production of ethylene
Role of selenium Selenate promotes germination in raddish, tomato Se in low concentration enhances growth of plants Reduces salt stress damage by enhancing detoxification system Has ability to regulate water status of plant in drought stress
Role of sodium Function is in the maintenance of osmotic relations of the cells It has beneficial effects on growth and water regulation in sugar beet Has been shown to be an essential element in CAM photosynthetic pathway.
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ESSENTIAL AND BENEFICIAL PLANT NUTRIENTS.pptx

  • 2. Essential nutrients To be able to germinate, grow and reproduce plants must have specific elements These are elements so critical that plants cannot complete their lifecycle in their absence. They are 17: C, H, O, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Zn, B, Mn, FE, Mo, Cu, Cl, Ni. Macro nutrients- they are elements that are required in large amounts like N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S. Micro nutrients- they are elements required in small quantities like Zn, B, Mn, FE, Mo, Cu, Cl, Ni.
  • 3. Criteria for essentiality of elements Requirements for essentiality : i. A plant cannot complete its life cycle in absence of the element ii. The elements function is not replaceable by another element iii. The element in directly involved in metabolism
  • 4. Macro nutrients Primary nutrients 1. Carbon(C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen(O) 4. Nitrogen (N) 5.Phosphorous (P) 6. Potassium (K) Secondary nutrients 7. Calcium (Ca) 8. magnesium (Mg) 9. Sulphur (S)
  • 5. Beneficial elements These are mineral elements that only stimulate growth but dont satisfy criteria for essentiality They are: Aluminum, Cobalt, Sodium, Selenium, Silicon They are helpful in some plants only like Silicon for rice Not critical for all plants but may improve yield
  • 6. Role of silicon Acts as a physical barrier and enhance plants resistance to toxic elements Helps reduce salt damage in saline conditions Reduce drought stress by improving plant water status Improves rice yields Reduce susceptibility to insect damage and disease
  • 7. Role of cobalt Required by Rhizobia for nitrogen fixation Its the primary component of vitamin B12 Its a component in some enzymes Some researchers suggest it plays vital role in production of ethylene
  • 8. Role of selenium Selenate promotes germination in raddish, tomato Se in low concentration enhances growth of plants Reduces salt stress damage by enhancing detoxification system Has ability to regulate water status of plant in drought stress
  • 9. Role of sodium Function is in the maintenance of osmotic relations of the cells It has beneficial effects on growth and water regulation in sugar beet Has been shown to be an essential element in CAM photosynthetic pathway.