Etudes as Repertoire
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Lola McIntyre's lecture for the Holland Piano Teachers' Forum focused on the historical significance and pedagogical value of etudes in piano repertoire, highlighting their evolution and importance in developing technique and artistry. The session explored notable composers, such as Czerny, Chopin, and Liszt, discussing their contributions and the integration of etudes into concert repertoire. The document also included a curated list of recommended pieces for competition and pedagogical practice for piano educators.
![The Art of Piano Pedagogy Facebook Group
Members Suggest:
Bach - Anna Magdalena Notebook, Short Preludes, Prelude from English
Suite in Am
C.P.E Bach - Solfeggietto
Beethoven - Rage Over a Lost Penny, Variations in Cm
Cramer - Etudes (Op. 50) [There are additional opuses.]
Schubert - Impromptu in Eb
Sonata No. 14 D. 783 (III.Vivace)
Schumann - Knight Rupert,Wild Rider, & others from Album for theYoung*,
Albumblatter Op. 124, Toccata Op. 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/etudesasrepertoire-151005011804-lva1-app6891/85/Etudes-as-Repertoire-22-320.jpg)
![The Art of Piano Pedagogy Facebook Group
Members Suggest:
Heller* - Etudes (especially E & Dm) [Opp. not specified]
Burgmuller* - Arabesque [Any from Op. 100]
Gurlitt
Chopin* - Etudes, Opp. 10 & 25 (Revolutionary, any), Minute Waltz
Rachmaninoff - Etudes Tableaux
Maykapar - Toccatina
Debussy - Toccata
Kabalevsky - Little Joke
* Multiple mentions](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/etudesasrepertoire-151005011804-lva1-app6891/85/Etudes-as-Repertoire-23-320.jpg)
Etudes as Repertoire
- 1. Etudes as Repertoire Presented by Lola McIntyre, M.M. Classical Pianist & Pedagogue for Holland Piano Teachers Forum (HPTF) and their student pianists of the Holland Piano Club Local Chapter of the Michigan Music Teachers Association (MMTA) & Music Teachers National Association (MTNA) Hope College | Jack H. Miller Center for Musical Arts John and Dede Howard Recital Hall October 5, 2015 | 7:45 pm
- 2. Etudes as Repertoire In Czernys day, this lecture would not have taken place The suggestion a perfomance work would serve as both a study and as concert repertoire, had not yet evolved
- 3. Purpose To gain a historical perspective of piano technique To list techniques which are most common within a period Suggest those techniques which point to the development of piano technique as we know it, today To frame the technical benefits of traditional studies and etudes used to enhance artistry of the piano repertoire To offer suggestions of pieces with strong pedagogic purpose, which could also serve as a study to improve technique and artistry at the piano To define which pieces & studies are most desirable for the Holland Piano Club Competition 2016 (Handout in second half of lecture)
- 4. Outline I. Historical Perspective of Piano Technique II. Pieces With Purpose III. Annotated List of Repertoire/Studies/Etudes IV. Takeaways, Questions, Answers & Discussion
- 5. What is a piano etude? What is it Not? Why so many Czerny Studies? Piano is growing in popularity People had more time to practice Iron frame was not yet invented or patented The repertoire was not as vast as today
- 6. Etudes as repertoire Viennese School of Playing Pianoforte Repertoire and studies were separate from each other Clementi/ Czerny: Finger isolated from negative effects by hand and arm Etudes & Studies Bach Toccata Mozart Rondo Repertoire
- 7. Etudes as Repertoire Liszt Chopin et. al. Etudes & Studies Chopins Etudes Opp. 10 & 24 Liszts Transcendental, Paganini & more Repertoire In the Romantic Era Chopin and Liszt composed Etudes as Repertoire Studies were supplemented to aid artistry
- 8. Liszt & Chopin Liszt was the first to suggest that each finger movement was connected to the arm and that changes in rhythm and expression were inextricably linked to the musicians inner rhythm Chopin stressed the need to blend hand, wrist, forearm, and arm movements in order to get a richer sound.The arm should have some freedom; joints and muscles should not be stiff. Chopin saw technique as an integral part of music. Renaud, Lucie.Piano Technique: Evolution or Revolution? La Scena Musicale,Vol. 5, No. 5. February 1, 2000.
- 9. Why so Many Czerny Studies? What was going on historically? Factories, mechanization are efficient, productive wonders of the day The industrial revolution was reaching a pinnacle by the 1820s. Publishing was a growing industry Concert pianists and composers were busy It makes sense the repertoire came first, then one tried to examine the mechanics and drill efficiencies
- 10. Viennese School Pianoforte Playing of the 1820s 20 treatises were written in the 1820s Elbows close to body Little motion of torso, arm, hand wrist Hummel - Grand Etudes in E & Bb Minor, Op. 125 YouTube Search: Christina Kobb https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INh84SP6DiA Viennese style technique begins near 320
- 11. Piano Technique of the Romantic Era (Chopin) Chopin Style is basis for Russian School of Piano Technique Third finger is the fulcrum (support/point of rest) Other fingers hang naturally next to the finger which plays (no positions) Chopins melodic writing = longer fingers on black keys with thumb and little fingers hanging and touching keys by their tips
- 12. Chopins Influence Example: Nocturne in F# REMINDER:Chopin stressed the need to blend hand, wrist, forearm & arm movements in order to get a richer sound. ~ Lucie Renaud (see earlier slide) Mold hand to phrase Release from the shoulder Elbow free and follows the hand Finger strokes like it waves bye-bye to the baby
- 13. 20th Century to present day 1880 Tobia Matthay First mention of transfer of weight to benefit: coloristic techniques fingers supported by the bodys weight rotation direction prehension (graps) of finger tips
- 14. 20th Century to present day Dorothy Taubman Technique Artistic playing of the piano repertoire cannot be separated from technique The body must serve the artistic intent
- 15. Etudes as repertoire Repertoire as Etude Definitive Circles Become Less Defined Vast History of Repertoire &Technical Studies Invites Careful Pedagogy Teaching Pieces, Etudes & Studies Serves the Repertoire And, Repertoire Can Serve Pedagogically
- 16. Etudes as Repertoire Repertoire as Technique We have the entire history of published studies and repertoire (and all those to follow), from which to choose
- 17. In a Nutshell Pick Pieces With Purpose Design a Curriculum to Develop Technique ForYour Students inYour Studio
- 18. Methods = The Wheel For easier levels, when we use a method as it was intended, there is a curriculum in place Each method is different and supplementing can be both helpful and motivating to students For the sake of our Holland Piano Competition 2016, consider drawing from the methods technique book IF the piece stands on its on in a performance situation. Example: Faber - ARTISTRY MAGIC PIECES
- 19. Getting Practical Of great help and importance are etude series dividied by levels KEITH SNELL - Piano Repertoire ETUDES Drawn from respected, foundational works, arranged by level and in chronological order within each book
- 20. Traditional Technique Curriculum Art of Piano Pedagogy Facebook Page has over 10,000 members Group members offered collected wisdom to our Holland Piano Teachers Forum Heller & Burgmuller most popular Teaching pieces from Schumanns Album for the Young
- 21. Leon Whitesells Suggested Piano Technique Curriculum I always look forward to Leons suggestions. He personally invites us to check out his website. Heres his curriculum, which he suggested on our FB thread in The Art of Piano Pedagogy: EarlyYears: Burgmuller Op. 100, Czerny-Germer Selected Studies, Moszkowski 20 Petit Etudes Op. 91, Heller Op. 45 LaterYears: MacDowell 12Virtuoso Etudes, Moszkowski 15 Etudes ofVirtuosity Op. 72, Chopin, Liszt, Debussy, Rachmaninov, & the Kabalevsky Preludes!
- 22. The Art of Piano Pedagogy Facebook Group Members Suggest: Bach - Anna Magdalena Notebook, Short Preludes, Prelude from English Suite in Am C.P.E Bach - Solfeggietto Beethoven - Rage Over a Lost Penny, Variations in Cm Cramer - Etudes (Op. 50) [There are additional opuses.] Schubert - Impromptu in Eb Sonata No. 14 D. 783 (III.Vivace) Schumann - Knight Rupert,Wild Rider, & others from Album for theYoung*, Albumblatter Op. 124, Toccata Op. 7
- 23. The Art of Piano Pedagogy Facebook Group Members Suggest: Heller* - Etudes (especially E & Dm) [Opp. not specified] Burgmuller* - Arabesque [Any from Op. 100] Gurlitt Chopin* - Etudes, Opp. 10 & 25 (Revolutionary, any), Minute Waltz Rachmaninoff - Etudes Tableaux Maykapar - Toccatina Debussy - Toccata Kabalevsky - Little Joke * Multiple mentions
- 24. Repertoire & Studies for Holland Piano Club Competition 2016 Annotated Repertoire List Todays Handout are rough notes/not for publication What will work, what wont work, and why Historical technique building blocks from era to era Pieces and references Sightreading & Brainstorming Session Lola McIntyres Home Studio Brunch Friday October 23, 2016 9:30 am-noon BringYour Student Roster Possible Pieces to Sightread, Share & Discuss Together