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Fallas&Ninots

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A presentation about fallas celebration. It focuss on the paper mache sculptures history and making process which are burn the night of the 18th of march in Valencia.

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FALLAS / FOGUERES AND NINOTS
In themiddle 18th Century, Fallas wereonlyone more eventforthetypicalactivitiesprogram of Saint Josephsday, marchthe 19th, in Valencia.In themorning of marchthe18th somestreetswouldappearshowingstraw and ragdollsnexttothewalls. Theserepresentedsomebodyorsomethingthatcouldbecriticized.Kidscollectingwood and oldfurnishingtoburnit at night.Duringtheday (marchthe 18th) kidswouldcollectwood and oldfurnishing and pile thattoburnitwiththedolls at sunsetthenightbefore Saint Joseph. Magazine iIlustration . 1860
Cercle de Bellesarts falla. 1914Doctor Collado square falla. 1912Quart-Doctor Monserrat falla. 1913Quart-Doctor Monserrat falla. 1914
Buttherewas a complaintaboutthesedolls and piles of oldfurnishing and wood. As theywerelocatednexttothewalls in thestreets, theydisturbedpedestrianswalks and traffic. Construction of Falla in Escalante street, In Caba単al NeighbourhoodFalla d鱈a del estatut / Statutesday 1934And as a reponsetothatcomplain fallas startedtobelocatedright in themiddle of widerstreets and crossroads. Thatwaytheybecame round sculptureswithmanyconstructiveposibilities. However fallas keepbeing a bigdisruptionfortraffic in town.
1934: Firstdoll (ninot) anual exhibition in la Lonja Valencia. Everyyeartheaudiencewhovisittheexhibition vote forthebest ninot. Thewinerdoesntgetburntand goestothe Ninot museumcolection. LETS SEE HOW FALLAS DOLLS (NINOTS) HAVE BEEN CHANGING IN TIMESet of dolls in thefirst ninot anual exhibition in 1934, La lonja ValenciaIaia i neta / Grandma and grandaughter 1934Llauradorsballant / Dancingfarmers 1935Mareta / Mummy 1936
Allthesedollsweremadeoutwith a woodstructure and real clothes. Theirhands and faces weremodeled in waxwithhotpaletteknives and bladesVenedoradalls / TheGarlicseller 1940Trini i regalito 1941El vell del viol鱈 / Theoldviolinist 1942However,Trini and regalitos faces and handsweremadeout of polyester. Fallas Materialshavebeenchangingsincetheystarted. Falleros artistsare allwayslookingforbettermaterials and procedures. Theycurrently use polyester whentheyhavetomake a sculpture, not a falla, whichisnotgoingtobeburnt.
GULLIVER (VALENCIA)Itwasdesignedby Falleros artists in the 80s and madeout of poliester
LETS SEE HOW FALLAS DOLLS (NINOTS) HAVE BEEN CHANGING IN TIMEAgranador / sweeper 1956The oldpeanutsellerismadestillwithwax, a woodstructuure and real clothes. Butthesweepers handsweremadewithpaper mache, and hisfacewithwax. Thisisprobablythefirst time paper mache wasusedtomake fallas.Cacauera estraperlista1943
Thesewerethefirst time real clothesdisapeared, beingdepictedonlywiththesculpturematerials. Theindianfamilywasmadeonlywithpaper mache and thePrehistoricmarriagewasmadeoutwith polyester.Indiantouristfamily. / Familia India turista 1956PrehistoricMarriage. / MatrimoniPrehist嘆ric 1957Allthe fallas wereallwayspaintedwithoilpaint. Butcurrentlythey are paintedwithacrilicorplasticpaintwhichdriesfaster and iseasierto use.
Oldmen chat. / Terttulia de vells 1960
PROCESS TO MAKE A FALLATRADITIONAL WAY: PAPER MACHEFIRST: THE SKETCH AND THE SCALE MODELA Sketch and a scalemodel are presentedtothe Fallera neighbourhoodassociationtobeaproved. Thisassociations are theoneswhopaytotheartistforthe falla tobemade.Falla Conde Altea- Almirante Cadarso 2011Once theproject, through sketch and scalemodel, isaproved, the falla startstobemade.
Falla Convento de Jerusal辿n 2011
Falla Micer Masco 2011
Falla Na Jordana 2011
Falla Plaza del Pilar 2011
Thisisthe sketch forthe 2012 forthe MUNICIPAL falla.Everyyearallthe fallas participate in a contestforthebests fallas. Theybelongtodifferentsectionsdependingonhowmuchtheycost.The MUNICIPAL falla doesntparticipate in thatcontest, cause itspaidwithpublicmoney and itismuch more expensivethantheothers.Buttheresnotonlyone sketch forevey falla.
Hereyou can see a sketch plan (plant, air sight) of the MUNICIPAL FALLA 2012.
And hereyou can se separatelytwodifferentscenes in detail.
NEXT: MAKING THE FALLAMakingthe Falla is a longprocessthattakestheartistsallyear round. Thelasttwomonthstheyusuallyworkveryhardtobeon time.Weregonnaseethemakingprocess of the Municipal falla in the 1991. Thisoneismade in thetraditionalmaterials and procedures: Wood and threelayers of paper mache whichpreparedtobepainted and colored at theend.Firstthescalemodelisdividedintopartstobecopied in the real size.Scalemodels are madeout in plaster and iseasyto divide themwith a saw
Nextstepismaking a woodstructture of alltheparts in the real size
Whenalltheparts are built, theartistcheckthattheyjoin and match toguetherwell
Thenthey can modelwithclaythe figures overthewoodstructure.Theclayneedstobefreshduringalltheprocess cause itsgonnabe removed.Whenalltheclaymodelingis done theartiststake a mold of itwithplaster.Withthemold done, theyrecoverthesamevolumebutthis time done withthreelayers of paper mache.
So theyattachthepaper mache tothewoodstructurethat has theclay removed.Afterthat, Thepaintingprocessstarts
Whenalltheparts are painted and readyto set up. They can bestartedtoputtoguether in thestreet.Thisprocessusuallytakes a longnight. Butthe MUNICIPAL falla and someother BIG onestakeabout a weektobe set up.
MAKING THE FALLA WITH STYROFOAM (CURRENT PROCESS AND MATERIALS)Styrofoamisveryeasytoworkwith. Theresmanydifferentshapesartists can get in ordertobeclosertothe target volume.Butitsverycommonto use stryrofoamsheetsstickedtoguethertomakethesculptureArtistscallit modelingthestyrofoam butwhattheyactually do iscarvingitwith metal brushes and cutters.Whenthevolumeis done thenitscoveredwithnewspaperstobepainted.Thistechniqueismuchfaster, easier and letsartistsget imposible figures. Butitis a littlecontaminantwhenitburns, so itsbeenverycriticized. They are currentlysearchingforlesscontaminantmaterials.
MAKING THE FALLA WITH STYROFOAM (CURRENT PROCESS AND MATERIALS)Thetown of AlicanteFOGUERES DE SAN JUAN ( SAINT JUANS BONFIRES). Bondfires are burntthe 21st of july. San Juansbondfires are a little bit youngerthan fallas.Both are celebrationsclosetospring and summer. And both are purifyingfireceremonies.Itsdifficulttofindsculturalappearingdifferencesbetween fallas and bonfires. Somepeoplesaythey are very similar and someotherssaythey look prettymuchthesame. Municipal Falla 2011Municipal Foguera 2011
ANYWAYS AND ALL IN ALL THESE TWO ARE A VERY ARTISTIC FORMS OF CELEBRATIONTHEY BELONG TO OUR (COMUNITAT VALENCIANA) VISUAL CULTURE, AND SO WE MUST KNOW, PRESERVE AND LOVE THEM
IMAGE RESOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Ninots ardiendo.jpg (slide1): http://www.urbevalencia.es/wp-content/uploads/fallas2.jpg

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Fallas&Ninots

  • 1. FALLAS / FOGUERES AND NINOTS
  • 2. In themiddle 18th Century, Fallas wereonlyone more eventforthetypicalactivitiesprogram of Saint Josephsday, marchthe 19th, in Valencia.In themorning of marchthe18th somestreetswouldappearshowingstraw and ragdollsnexttothewalls. Theserepresentedsomebodyorsomethingthatcouldbecriticized.Kidscollectingwood and oldfurnishingtoburnit at night.Duringtheday (marchthe 18th) kidswouldcollectwood and oldfurnishing and pile thattoburnitwiththedolls at sunsetthenightbefore Saint Joseph. Magazine iIlustration . 1860
  • 3. Cercle de Bellesarts falla. 1914Doctor Collado square falla. 1912Quart-Doctor Monserrat falla. 1913Quart-Doctor Monserrat falla. 1914
  • 4. Buttherewas a complaintaboutthesedolls and piles of oldfurnishing and wood. As theywerelocatednexttothewalls in thestreets, theydisturbedpedestrianswalks and traffic. Construction of Falla in Escalante street, In Caba単al NeighbourhoodFalla d鱈a del estatut / Statutesday 1934And as a reponsetothatcomplain fallas startedtobelocatedright in themiddle of widerstreets and crossroads. Thatwaytheybecame round sculptureswithmanyconstructiveposibilities. However fallas keepbeing a bigdisruptionfortraffic in town.
  • 5. 1934: Firstdoll (ninot) anual exhibition in la Lonja Valencia. Everyyeartheaudiencewhovisittheexhibition vote forthebest ninot. Thewinerdoesntgetburntand goestothe Ninot museumcolection. LETS SEE HOW FALLAS DOLLS (NINOTS) HAVE BEEN CHANGING IN TIMESet of dolls in thefirst ninot anual exhibition in 1934, La lonja ValenciaIaia i neta / Grandma and grandaughter 1934Llauradorsballant / Dancingfarmers 1935Mareta / Mummy 1936
  • 6. Allthesedollsweremadeoutwith a woodstructure and real clothes. Theirhands and faces weremodeled in waxwithhotpaletteknives and bladesVenedoradalls / TheGarlicseller 1940Trini i regalito 1941El vell del viol鱈 / Theoldviolinist 1942However,Trini and regalitos faces and handsweremadeout of polyester. Fallas Materialshavebeenchangingsincetheystarted. Falleros artistsare allwayslookingforbettermaterials and procedures. Theycurrently use polyester whentheyhavetomake a sculpture, not a falla, whichisnotgoingtobeburnt.
  • 7. GULLIVER (VALENCIA)Itwasdesignedby Falleros artists in the 80s and madeout of poliester
  • 8. LETS SEE HOW FALLAS DOLLS (NINOTS) HAVE BEEN CHANGING IN TIMEAgranador / sweeper 1956The oldpeanutsellerismadestillwithwax, a woodstructuure and real clothes. Butthesweepers handsweremadewithpaper mache, and hisfacewithwax. Thisisprobablythefirst time paper mache wasusedtomake fallas.Cacauera estraperlista1943
  • 9. Thesewerethefirst time real clothesdisapeared, beingdepictedonlywiththesculpturematerials. Theindianfamilywasmadeonlywithpaper mache and thePrehistoricmarriagewasmadeoutwith polyester.Indiantouristfamily. / Familia India turista 1956PrehistoricMarriage. / MatrimoniPrehist嘆ric 1957Allthe fallas wereallwayspaintedwithoilpaint. Butcurrentlythey are paintedwithacrilicorplasticpaintwhichdriesfaster and iseasierto use.
  • 10. Oldmen chat. / Terttulia de vells 1960
  • 11. PROCESS TO MAKE A FALLATRADITIONAL WAY: PAPER MACHEFIRST: THE SKETCH AND THE SCALE MODELA Sketch and a scalemodel are presentedtothe Fallera neighbourhoodassociationtobeaproved. Thisassociations are theoneswhopaytotheartistforthe falla tobemade.Falla Conde Altea- Almirante Cadarso 2011Once theproject, through sketch and scalemodel, isaproved, the falla startstobemade.
  • 12. Falla Convento de Jerusal辿n 2011
  • 15. Falla Plaza del Pilar 2011
  • 16. Thisisthe sketch forthe 2012 forthe MUNICIPAL falla.Everyyearallthe fallas participate in a contestforthebests fallas. Theybelongtodifferentsectionsdependingonhowmuchtheycost.The MUNICIPAL falla doesntparticipate in thatcontest, cause itspaidwithpublicmoney and itismuch more expensivethantheothers.Buttheresnotonlyone sketch forevey falla.
  • 17. Hereyou can see a sketch plan (plant, air sight) of the MUNICIPAL FALLA 2012.
  • 18. And hereyou can se separatelytwodifferentscenes in detail.
  • 19. NEXT: MAKING THE FALLAMakingthe Falla is a longprocessthattakestheartistsallyear round. Thelasttwomonthstheyusuallyworkveryhardtobeon time.Weregonnaseethemakingprocess of the Municipal falla in the 1991. Thisoneismade in thetraditionalmaterials and procedures: Wood and threelayers of paper mache whichpreparedtobepainted and colored at theend.Firstthescalemodelisdividedintopartstobecopied in the real size.Scalemodels are madeout in plaster and iseasyto divide themwith a saw
  • 20. Nextstepismaking a woodstructture of alltheparts in the real size
  • 21. Whenalltheparts are built, theartistcheckthattheyjoin and match toguetherwell
  • 22. Thenthey can modelwithclaythe figures overthewoodstructure.Theclayneedstobefreshduringalltheprocess cause itsgonnabe removed.Whenalltheclaymodelingis done theartiststake a mold of itwithplaster.Withthemold done, theyrecoverthesamevolumebutthis time done withthreelayers of paper mache.
  • 23. So theyattachthepaper mache tothewoodstructurethat has theclay removed.Afterthat, Thepaintingprocessstarts
  • 24. Whenalltheparts are painted and readyto set up. They can bestartedtoputtoguether in thestreet.Thisprocessusuallytakes a longnight. Butthe MUNICIPAL falla and someother BIG onestakeabout a weektobe set up.
  • 25. MAKING THE FALLA WITH STYROFOAM (CURRENT PROCESS AND MATERIALS)Styrofoamisveryeasytoworkwith. Theresmanydifferentshapesartists can get in ordertobeclosertothe target volume.Butitsverycommonto use stryrofoamsheetsstickedtoguethertomakethesculptureArtistscallit modelingthestyrofoam butwhattheyactually do iscarvingitwith metal brushes and cutters.Whenthevolumeis done thenitscoveredwithnewspaperstobepainted.Thistechniqueismuchfaster, easier and letsartistsget imposible figures. Butitis a littlecontaminantwhenitburns, so itsbeenverycriticized. They are currentlysearchingforlesscontaminantmaterials.
  • 26. MAKING THE FALLA WITH STYROFOAM (CURRENT PROCESS AND MATERIALS)Thetown of AlicanteFOGUERES DE SAN JUAN ( SAINT JUANS BONFIRES). Bondfires are burntthe 21st of july. San Juansbondfires are a little bit youngerthan fallas.Both are celebrationsclosetospring and summer. And both are purifyingfireceremonies.Itsdifficulttofindsculturalappearingdifferencesbetween fallas and bonfires. Somepeoplesaythey are very similar and someotherssaythey look prettymuchthesame. Municipal Falla 2011Municipal Foguera 2011
  • 27. ANYWAYS AND ALL IN ALL THESE TWO ARE A VERY ARTISTIC FORMS OF CELEBRATIONTHEY BELONG TO OUR (COMUNITAT VALENCIANA) VISUAL CULTURE, AND SO WE MUST KNOW, PRESERVE AND LOVE THEM
  • 28. IMAGE RESOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Ninots ardiendo.jpg (slide1): http://www.urbevalencia.es/wp-content/uploads/fallas2.jpg
  • 29. FALLAS MUSEUM Guide, Ayto de Valencia. SLIDE 2: Peleles 1930.jpg,recogiendo trastos.jpg, ilustraci坦n 1860.jpg SLIDE 3: El d鱈a del estatut.jpg, falla escalante 1934.jpg.LINDULT DEL FOC (VOLUM I y II). Coord Gil Manuel Hdez y Mart鱈. Ayto. Valencia 2002. SLIDE 4: cercle de bellesarts 1914.jpg, doctor collado 1912.jpg, falla quartmonserrat 1913.jpg, falla quartmonserrat 1914.jpg SLIDE 5:Sketches and sclaemodels are fromwww.fallas.com SLIDES:
  • 30. Falla makingprocess: Ayto de Valencia 1991. from URL: http://usuarios.multimania.es/Cargonmar/comosehaceunafalla.htmPicturestakenby Jos辿 Mart鱈nez Moll叩. SLIDES:
  • 35. metal brush.jpg http://www.gordonbrush.com/images/426ss.jpg, cuchillas.jpg http://images.villageorigin.com/003558-004/001.jpg?s=600
  • 36. SLIDE Comparing Fallas and fogueres :
  • 39. LAST FIRE SLIDE: fire.jpg http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQG1hAIJMl2r3DIqCS6oUUnZZaTwcH45dQJOgIgMYBO1XvqwTadH9CSuzjV