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Faraday Discussion on Molecular Simulations and Visualization

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Melanie Stegman
Melanie Stegman

Melanie's 5 minute presentation on her evaluation of Immune Attack. Additionally, some slides on iterative game development strategy.

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Melanie Stegman, Ph.D. Director, FAS Learning Technologies www.FASLearningTech.org Hosted by the Maine International Center for Digital Learning MICDL.org CEO, Molecular Jig Games, LLC www.MolecularJig.com @MelanieAnnS ScienceGameCenter.org Biochemist making games Find more science games here:
Melanie Stegman, Ph.D. Biochemist making games Timelines 2004 PhD Biochemistry 2008 Post Doc Microbiology 2007 Immune Attack released 2014 Immune Defense released 2014 Post Doc Video Game Development Started Game Studio Molecular Jig Games Unity3D Game Engine Tablet computers in schools
Healthcare Environment Genetically Modified Food Infectious Disease Antibiotic use Mental Health Molecular Biology is relevant to many issues...
Healthcare Policy Environment Policy Genetically Modified Food Policy Infectious Disease Policy Antibiotic use Policy Mental Health Policy Molecular Biology is relevant to many issues... that the average American votes on.
Intuitive Formal Epistemological Deep understanding of molecular biology requires time to develop Grade school Middle School High School Problem is that Molecules are considered abstract and their behaviors are not introduced until high school
Younger kids so that we reach the ones who will become the non-scientists. Younger kids so that we reach them before they form misconceptions. Younger kids so that we reach them young enough to form gut level understanding. Teach younger kids about molecular behavior
Games increase time on task. Visuals are effective at teaching. Stories are effective at teaching. Familiarity makes us confident. Whos the best football team? People debate this data! How do vaccines work? No one debates this data? Movies/videos tell stories and make us feel familiar with molecules Simulations show us great detail and let us manipulate: making things concrete, making things part of our own experience. Games, however, have all this plus: MOTIVATION, AGENCY and REPLAYABILITY
A Well Designed Game MOTIVATION as part of the story, to save the princess, etc. to solve the next just-out-of-reach problem: to stay in FLOW. AGENCY player must make important and fun decisions a gun, a tractor beam, a purchase panel, a scanner: the player knows what tools are at her disposal in each new situation. REPLAYABILITY we will play again IF we get a new experience: different places to explore, higher score, etc. leading to more time on task.
Challenges in Making a Game from a Molecular Simulation. Video Games, like Immune Attack, use tricks to hold our interest: *learning by doing *learning from mistakes *complexity sufficient to draw players back to replay Will this seemingly negative aspect of gaming drive science game players away from science?? (No, they dont!) Making a complete story from what is known is a unique challenge. Accomplishing learning objectives while not introducing any misconceptions and still meeting development deadlines. Our audience is large, their interest in intense.
Rapid Iteration allows for testing and changing every 2-3 months Scientists involved continuously Audience misunderstandings and game related difficulties addressed with scientists
Immune Attack teaches students cell biology Three Day Evaluation Protocol 7th -12 grade teachers register on our website. Students are randomly assigned to the test group or the control group. Week One Students play Immune Attack OR the control game for 40 minutes. Week Two Students play Immune Attack OR the control game for 40 minutes. The next day, students take online exam.
Immune Attack. Level 1. Transmigration of Monocyte Monocyte Your Nanobot ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
Activating Selectin proteins with our ray gun ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
Activated Selectin proteins attract the monocyte ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
Immune Attack players score significantly better than their classmates on our test of terms and concepts. 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627 Frequencies of Scores on Test of Terms and Concepts IA N = 180 Control N = 160 Score:Questionscorrectoutof27 Number of student with this score Control = 8 average correct Immune Attack students = 12 average correct
Topics Addressed in the test of Terms and Concepts One Protein one job/one disease Transmigration Progress Tracking Process Differences among WBC are due to proteins (not DNA).
Something that will damage your ship. An amino acid A protein that stops Monocytes. A wiggly thing that is the wrong target. A lipid A protein that makes Monocytes exit the blood vessel. An object you need to avoid. A complex carbohydrate A protein that does not interact with Monocytes. A wiggly thing you need to shoot to win. A protein A protein that causes the Monocyte to slow down. 75% 50% 51% 75% 52% 54% 74% 49% 50% What is the arrow pointing to? All Girls Boys Players know the wiggly thing is a protein.
Immune Attack players remember best the objects they needed to use/avoid/find. All Girls Boys What kind of cell is this? What color were the Monocytes in Immune Attack? What color were the Pseudomonas bacteria? What color are were the Neutrophils? Amoeba Green Blue Yellow Bacteria cell Yellow Yellow Blue A skin cell Red Red Red White Blood Cell Blue Green Green 43% 63% 40% 19% 48% 64% 45% 24% 38% 64% 35% 15%
Non-game playing students scored equally well on test of knowledge Students are asked how many hours per week they play video games. Their choices are 0, 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-25, 26-30, 31-35, 36-40 All 0 hours/week 1 to 5 hours/week 6+ hours/week Immune Attack Control Control 0 5 10 15 20 All Girls Boys Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
Lack of success in Immune Attack does not inhibit learning But success helps. Immune Attack players grouped by the level of Immune Attack they reached 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Immune Attack Level 1 Levels 2 and 3 Level 4 Level 5 Levels 6 and 7 Control Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
Lack of success in Immune Attack does not inhibit learning But success helps. Students we asked to rate their agreement with this statement: Immune Attack was easy to play. 1 = I agree completely and 5 = I disagree completely 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 All IA 1 2 3 4 5 All Ctrl Response to Easy to Play? Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
Challenges in Making a Game from a Molecular Simulation. Video Games, like Immune Attack, use tricks to hold our interest: *learning by doing *learning from mistakes *complexity sufficient to draw players back to replay Will this seemingly negative aspect of gaming drive science game players away from science?? (No, they dont!) Making a complete story from what is known is a unique challenge. Accomplishing learning objectives while not introducing any misconceptions and still meeting development deadlines. Our audience is large, their interest in intense.
Nature Reviews Immunology, 2007. 7:678. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Immune Attack players gain confidence A complex diagram looks as understandable as a simpler diagram to IA players. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 1 2 3 4 5 Transmigration 1 2 3 4 5 Yellow Macrophages Total Ctrl n = 161 Total IA n = 180 Nature Immunology Reviews Janeway Immunobiology 7th Ed.
Immune Attack players gain confidence with related images. I would be able to understand this diagram if I read it and thought about it. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 1 2 3 4 5 DATA All IA Players n = 180 Percentoftotalstudents Disagree -------------- Agree William Muller, Ph.D.
Evaluating in schools Spring 2014 Collaborators: Maine International Center for Digital Learning Howard Young, NCI Caroline Pinkard, David Silvernail University of Southern Maine Art and programming: Final version: Kelly Wilson, Jennell Jaquays Prototyping: Cosmocyte, LLC. Isoform, LLC Excellent advice: Art Olson, Scripps Graham Johnson, University of San Francisco Kenneth Coulter, Ion Medical Designs Development Funding: (US) National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Evaluation Funding: (US) Entertainment Software Association Foundation (ESAF) Melanie Stegman @MelanieAnnS

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Faraday Discussion on Molecular Simulations and Visualization

  • 1. Melanie Stegman, Ph.D. Director, FAS Learning Technologies www.FASLearningTech.org Hosted by the Maine International Center for Digital Learning MICDL.org CEO, Molecular Jig Games, LLC www.MolecularJig.com @MelanieAnnS ScienceGameCenter.org Biochemist making games Find more science games here:
  • 2. Melanie Stegman, Ph.D. Biochemist making games Timelines 2004 PhD Biochemistry 2008 Post Doc Microbiology 2007 Immune Attack released 2014 Immune Defense released 2014 Post Doc Video Game Development Started Game Studio Molecular Jig Games Unity3D Game Engine Tablet computers in schools
  • 3. Healthcare Environment Genetically Modified Food Infectious Disease Antibiotic use Mental Health Molecular Biology is relevant to many issues...
  • 4. Healthcare Policy Environment Policy Genetically Modified Food Policy Infectious Disease Policy Antibiotic use Policy Mental Health Policy Molecular Biology is relevant to many issues... that the average American votes on.
  • 5. Intuitive Formal Epistemological Deep understanding of molecular biology requires time to develop Grade school Middle School High School Problem is that Molecules are considered abstract and their behaviors are not introduced until high school
  • 6. Younger kids so that we reach the ones who will become the non-scientists. Younger kids so that we reach them before they form misconceptions. Younger kids so that we reach them young enough to form gut level understanding. Teach younger kids about molecular behavior
  • 7. Games increase time on task. Visuals are effective at teaching. Stories are effective at teaching. Familiarity makes us confident. Whos the best football team? People debate this data! How do vaccines work? No one debates this data? Movies/videos tell stories and make us feel familiar with molecules Simulations show us great detail and let us manipulate: making things concrete, making things part of our own experience. Games, however, have all this plus: MOTIVATION, AGENCY and REPLAYABILITY
  • 8. A Well Designed Game MOTIVATION as part of the story, to save the princess, etc. to solve the next just-out-of-reach problem: to stay in FLOW. AGENCY player must make important and fun decisions a gun, a tractor beam, a purchase panel, a scanner: the player knows what tools are at her disposal in each new situation. REPLAYABILITY we will play again IF we get a new experience: different places to explore, higher score, etc. leading to more time on task.
  • 9. Challenges in Making a Game from a Molecular Simulation. Video Games, like Immune Attack, use tricks to hold our interest: *learning by doing *learning from mistakes *complexity sufficient to draw players back to replay Will this seemingly negative aspect of gaming drive science game players away from science?? (No, they dont!) Making a complete story from what is known is a unique challenge. Accomplishing learning objectives while not introducing any misconceptions and still meeting development deadlines. Our audience is large, their interest in intense.
  • 10. Rapid Iteration allows for testing and changing every 2-3 months Scientists involved continuously Audience misunderstandings and game related difficulties addressed with scientists
  • 11. Immune Attack teaches students cell biology Three Day Evaluation Protocol 7th -12 grade teachers register on our website. Students are randomly assigned to the test group or the control group. Week One Students play Immune Attack OR the control game for 40 minutes. Week Two Students play Immune Attack OR the control game for 40 minutes. The next day, students take online exam.
  • 12. Immune Attack. Level 1. Transmigration of Monocyte Monocyte Your Nanobot ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
  • 13. Activating Selectin proteins with our ray gun ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
  • 14. Activated Selectin proteins attract the monocyte ImmuneAttack.org watch trailer, download free game (.EXE file)
  • 15. Immune Attack players score significantly better than their classmates on our test of terms and concepts. 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627 Frequencies of Scores on Test of Terms and Concepts IA N = 180 Control N = 160 Score:Questionscorrectoutof27 Number of student with this score Control = 8 average correct Immune Attack students = 12 average correct
  • 16. Topics Addressed in the test of Terms and Concepts One Protein one job/one disease Transmigration Progress Tracking Process Differences among WBC are due to proteins (not DNA).
  • 17. Something that will damage your ship. An amino acid A protein that stops Monocytes. A wiggly thing that is the wrong target. A lipid A protein that makes Monocytes exit the blood vessel. An object you need to avoid. A complex carbohydrate A protein that does not interact with Monocytes. A wiggly thing you need to shoot to win. A protein A protein that causes the Monocyte to slow down. 75% 50% 51% 75% 52% 54% 74% 49% 50% What is the arrow pointing to? All Girls Boys Players know the wiggly thing is a protein.
  • 18. Immune Attack players remember best the objects they needed to use/avoid/find. All Girls Boys What kind of cell is this? What color were the Monocytes in Immune Attack? What color were the Pseudomonas bacteria? What color are were the Neutrophils? Amoeba Green Blue Yellow Bacteria cell Yellow Yellow Blue A skin cell Red Red Red White Blood Cell Blue Green Green 43% 63% 40% 19% 48% 64% 45% 24% 38% 64% 35% 15%
  • 19. Non-game playing students scored equally well on test of knowledge Students are asked how many hours per week they play video games. Their choices are 0, 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-25, 26-30, 31-35, 36-40 All 0 hours/week 1 to 5 hours/week 6+ hours/week Immune Attack Control Control 0 5 10 15 20 All Girls Boys Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
  • 20. Lack of success in Immune Attack does not inhibit learning But success helps. Immune Attack players grouped by the level of Immune Attack they reached 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Immune Attack Level 1 Levels 2 and 3 Level 4 Level 5 Levels 6 and 7 Control Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
  • 21. Lack of success in Immune Attack does not inhibit learning But success helps. Students we asked to rate their agreement with this statement: Immune Attack was easy to play. 1 = I agree completely and 5 = I disagree completely 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 All IA 1 2 3 4 5 All Ctrl Response to Easy to Play? Score:Questionscorrectoutof27
  • 22. Challenges in Making a Game from a Molecular Simulation. Video Games, like Immune Attack, use tricks to hold our interest: *learning by doing *learning from mistakes *complexity sufficient to draw players back to replay Will this seemingly negative aspect of gaming drive science game players away from science?? (No, they dont!) Making a complete story from what is known is a unique challenge. Accomplishing learning objectives while not introducing any misconceptions and still meeting development deadlines. Our audience is large, their interest in intense.
  • 23. Nature Reviews Immunology, 2007. 7:678. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
  • 24. Immune Attack players gain confidence A complex diagram looks as understandable as a simpler diagram to IA players. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 1 2 3 4 5 Transmigration 1 2 3 4 5 Yellow Macrophages Total Ctrl n = 161 Total IA n = 180 Nature Immunology Reviews Janeway Immunobiology 7th Ed.
  • 25. Immune Attack players gain confidence with related images. I would be able to understand this diagram if I read it and thought about it. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 1 2 3 4 5 DATA All IA Players n = 180 Percentoftotalstudents Disagree -------------- Agree William Muller, Ph.D.
  • 26. Evaluating in schools Spring 2014 Collaborators: Maine International Center for Digital Learning Howard Young, NCI Caroline Pinkard, David Silvernail University of Southern Maine Art and programming: Final version: Kelly Wilson, Jennell Jaquays Prototyping: Cosmocyte, LLC. Isoform, LLC Excellent advice: Art Olson, Scripps Graham Johnson, University of San Francisco Kenneth Coulter, Ion Medical Designs Development Funding: (US) National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Evaluation Funding: (US) Entertainment Software Association Foundation (ESAF) Melanie Stegman @MelanieAnnS