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Fertile Crescent/ Mesopotamia vocabulary

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The document discusses the geography and history of the Fertile Crescent region. It describes key locations like Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The silt deposited during annual floods made the land fertile for farming. Irrigation systems like canals allowed for surplus food production. This led to the development of early civilizations like Sumer, whose cities like Ur traded goods widely. Important later groups mentioned include the Assyrians, Babylonians under Hammurabi, and Phoenicians, known for their sailing and alphabet.

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Fertile Crescent Vocabulary
Geography of the Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Greek word that means between the rivers. It is located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Geography of the Fertile Crescent Fertile Crescenta large arc of rich, or fertile, farmland. It extends from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea. Silta mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks. Silt is brought to Mesopotamia by the yearly flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Geography of the Fertile Crescent Irrigation a way of supplying water to an area of land. Canalshuman-made waterways Surplusmore than what is needed. Irrigation allowed for Mesopotamia farmers to have a food surplus.
Geography of the Fertile Crescent Division of Laborthe type of arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job. In what ways did a division of labor contribute to the growth of the Mesopotamia civilization?
The Rise of Sumer Sumeriansthe people of the worlds first civilization. The Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia in 3000 BC City-statea central city and all the countryside around it.
The Rise of Sumer Empireland with different territories and peoples under a single rule. SargonAkkadian emperor who extended the Akkadian territory. He built a new capital, Akkad, on the Euphrates river, near what is now the city of Baghdad. Sargon established the worlds first empire. He was also the first to have a permanent army.
The Rise of Sumer Polytheismthe worship of many gods Social hierarchythe division of society by rank or class. Urone of the earliest and largest cities of ancient Mesopotamia. It was located on the Euphrates river. Ur traded with people from distant lands such as India.
Sumerian Achievements Cuneiform the worlds first system of writing. Ziggurat a pyramid-shaped temple
Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Babylon city built on the Euphrates river, near what is now Baghdad, Iraq. It had once been a Sumerian city. Hammurabi became the citys greatest ruler. Hammurabis Code a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life.
Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Hammurabis Code Hammurabis Code is written in Cuneiform. Stele located in the Louver Museum
Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Chariota wheeled horse-drawn cart used in battle. Assyrians group of people who in 900 BC began to conquer all of the Fertile Crescent. Their capital city was Nineveh.Their army was very well organized and skilled.
Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Chaldeansgroup of people from the Syrian Desert who defeated the Assyrian Empire. Their most famous king was Nebuchadnezzar. He rebuilt the city of Babylon. Phoeniciansgroup of people on the western end of the Fertile Crescent. They were excellent sailors , therefore, they were able to trade all around the Mediterranean area. Their most famous city was Carthage located in northern Africa. They created one of the worlds first alphabets. They alphabet we use today is based on the Phoenicians

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Fertile Crescent/ Mesopotamia vocabulary

  • 2. Geography of the Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Greek word that means between the rivers. It is located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
  • 3. Geography of the Fertile Crescent Fertile Crescenta large arc of rich, or fertile, farmland. It extends from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea. Silta mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks. Silt is brought to Mesopotamia by the yearly flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
  • 4. Geography of the Fertile Crescent Irrigation a way of supplying water to an area of land. Canalshuman-made waterways Surplusmore than what is needed. Irrigation allowed for Mesopotamia farmers to have a food surplus.
  • 5. Geography of the Fertile Crescent Division of Laborthe type of arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job. In what ways did a division of labor contribute to the growth of the Mesopotamia civilization?
  • 6. The Rise of Sumer Sumeriansthe people of the worlds first civilization. The Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia in 3000 BC City-statea central city and all the countryside around it.
  • 7. The Rise of Sumer Empireland with different territories and peoples under a single rule. SargonAkkadian emperor who extended the Akkadian territory. He built a new capital, Akkad, on the Euphrates river, near what is now the city of Baghdad. Sargon established the worlds first empire. He was also the first to have a permanent army.
  • 8. The Rise of Sumer Polytheismthe worship of many gods Social hierarchythe division of society by rank or class. Urone of the earliest and largest cities of ancient Mesopotamia. It was located on the Euphrates river. Ur traded with people from distant lands such as India.
  • 9. Sumerian Achievements Cuneiform the worlds first system of writing. Ziggurat a pyramid-shaped temple
  • 10. Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Babylon city built on the Euphrates river, near what is now Baghdad, Iraq. It had once been a Sumerian city. Hammurabi became the citys greatest ruler. Hammurabis Code a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life.
  • 11. Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Hammurabis Code Hammurabis Code is written in Cuneiform. Stele located in the Louver Museum
  • 12. Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Chariota wheeled horse-drawn cart used in battle. Assyrians group of people who in 900 BC began to conquer all of the Fertile Crescent. Their capital city was Nineveh.Their army was very well organized and skilled.
  • 13. Later Peoples of the Fertile Crescent Chaldeansgroup of people from the Syrian Desert who defeated the Assyrian Empire. Their most famous king was Nebuchadnezzar. He rebuilt the city of Babylon. Phoeniciansgroup of people on the western end of the Fertile Crescent. They were excellent sailors , therefore, they were able to trade all around the Mediterranean area. Their most famous city was Carthage located in northern Africa. They created one of the worlds first alphabets. They alphabet we use today is based on the Phoenicians