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TECHNICAL USE MATERIALS I: WOOD




                  息 Federico Fern叩ndez Herrera
            ENGLISH BILINGUAL 2尊 E.S.O. TECHNOLOGY
                      DIDACTIC UNIT # 3
Index:
    Stone, Bronze, Iron Age. Nowadays' technical use materials.
    Natural vs. artificial materials.
    Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features.
    Working with woods (measure, draw, fix, cut, smoothen, drill,
     join, finish).
    Derivative products (cardboard, paper). Wood samples.
    Types of wood.
    Enviromental Impact.
Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays'
technical use materials. (I)




                  
                         Stone Age
Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays'
technical use materials. (II)




              Bronze = Cu  Sn alloy
              Cu = copper
              Sn = tin       Bronze Age
Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays'
technical use materials. (III)




            Iron = Fe          Iron Age
Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays'
technical use materials. (IV)


    Woods                         2尊 E.S.O.
    Metals (ferric, non ferric)

    Plastics                      3尊 E.S.O.
    Ceramics
Natural vs. artificial materials.

    Features:
    Conductivity (heat and electricity)
    Hardness
Wood. Actual relevance. Parts.
 Processing. Features. (I)
 Wood is a natural material. Wood and stone were the first materials that man used. Wood has been used to light a fire,
 to make wood weapons, to build boats, houses, etc. Some of these things arestill used today.




Woods. Actual relevance.
Parts:
  Bark (inn. and out.)
  Cambium
  Sapwood
  Heartwood
  Medullary rays
  Pith (medulla)
Wood. Actual relevance. Parts.
      Processing. Features. (II)
od: part of the trunk with life. It卒s the youngest part of the wood. Its colour is light. It Heartwood: the best quality part.
                                                                                             has a lot of sap.




dullary Rays: they are cracks from the center outwards.




k: the outer trunk卒s part. It is a protector of the trunk..




                                                               Medulla: the inner trunk's part.
Wood. Actual relevance. Parts.
Processing. Features. (III)



Features:
     density d = m / V
     hardness H
     resistance to traction, compression and bending
       T, C, F (fiber direction)
     conductivity (th.&el.)
     durability (moisture, hygroscopicity, fungus, rot)
Wood. Actual relevance. Parts.
 Processing. Features. (III)
 Processing:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwwkO7m4bpY&NR=1




                                                   Planks, boards, beams, etc


After cutting the wood, It卒s necesary to dry in order to evaporate the sap
and the water. The wood is stacked to allow air to flow. It is faster with hot air
Working with wood
                                                                            measure and draw
                Rip saw, backsaw and hacksaw. Wood Power Tools: circular saw, jigsaw and table saw.


 saw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAgCi1J7Hl0&feature=player_embedded
 The trees are cut in the winter, because they have less sap. The tools to cut trees were the axe and the hand saw.
 The tools used today are the chainsaw Wood and big machines that cut and raise the trunk quickly.



 smoothen                               (sand)                                                        drill


 join and fix                              (glue, nail, screw)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rM5g0Sk0AWo&feature=player_embedded
                                                                                                                               finish
                                                                                                                  (wax, varnish, paint, ink, lack)
Types of wood. Samples.
                                                        http://www.linalquibla.com/TecnoWeb/madera/contenidos/tiposmadera.htm


Poplar = chopo
Walnut = nogal
Oak = roble
Birch = abedul
Cherry = cerezo
Pine = pino
Ebony = 辿bano
Fir = abeto
Soft wood: resinous and evergreen trees, they
are easy to work with (pine, fir, poplar)
Hard wood: deciduous trees like oak , walnut, ebony,
Derivative products (I)(cardboard, paper).
Derivative products (II) (plywood,
   chipboard, fiber board).
Artificial Boards:  Cheaper and bigger sizes than natural wood.  Completely flat and smooth.  Will not rot
and it卒s termite resistant.

Plywoods: Made with wood sheets with perpendicular fibers and are stuck together. These boards always
have an uneven number of sheets.

Chipboards: Made with glued and pressed wood shavings.
We can paste plastic or natural wood sheets together to
get a wood best finish quality.

Fiber Boards: We can get them from
wood fibers pressed together at
high pressure and temperature,
glued with synthetic resin
(DM) or natural resin
(tablex).
Environmental impact




                       deforestation


                recycling

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FFH WOOD

  • 1. TECHNICAL USE MATERIALS I: WOOD 息 Federico Fern叩ndez Herrera ENGLISH BILINGUAL 2尊 E.S.O. TECHNOLOGY DIDACTIC UNIT # 3
  • 2. Index: Stone, Bronze, Iron Age. Nowadays' technical use materials. Natural vs. artificial materials. Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features. Working with woods (measure, draw, fix, cut, smoothen, drill, join, finish). Derivative products (cardboard, paper). Wood samples. Types of wood. Enviromental Impact.
  • 3. Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays' technical use materials. (I) Stone Age
  • 4. Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays' technical use materials. (II) Bronze = Cu Sn alloy Cu = copper Sn = tin Bronze Age
  • 5. Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays' technical use materials. (III) Iron = Fe Iron Age
  • 6. Stone, bronze, iron Ages. Nowadays' technical use materials. (IV) Woods 2尊 E.S.O. Metals (ferric, non ferric) Plastics 3尊 E.S.O. Ceramics
  • 7. Natural vs. artificial materials. Features: Conductivity (heat and electricity) Hardness
  • 8. Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features. (I) Wood is a natural material. Wood and stone were the first materials that man used. Wood has been used to light a fire, to make wood weapons, to build boats, houses, etc. Some of these things arestill used today. Woods. Actual relevance. Parts: Bark (inn. and out.) Cambium Sapwood Heartwood Medullary rays Pith (medulla)
  • 9. Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features. (II) od: part of the trunk with life. It卒s the youngest part of the wood. Its colour is light. It Heartwood: the best quality part. has a lot of sap. dullary Rays: they are cracks from the center outwards. k: the outer trunk卒s part. It is a protector of the trunk.. Medulla: the inner trunk's part.
  • 10. Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features. (III) Features: density d = m / V hardness H resistance to traction, compression and bending T, C, F (fiber direction) conductivity (th.&el.) durability (moisture, hygroscopicity, fungus, rot)
  • 11. Wood. Actual relevance. Parts. Processing. Features. (III) Processing: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwwkO7m4bpY&NR=1 Planks, boards, beams, etc After cutting the wood, It卒s necesary to dry in order to evaporate the sap and the water. The wood is stacked to allow air to flow. It is faster with hot air
  • 12. Working with wood measure and draw Rip saw, backsaw and hacksaw. Wood Power Tools: circular saw, jigsaw and table saw. saw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAgCi1J7Hl0&feature=player_embedded The trees are cut in the winter, because they have less sap. The tools to cut trees were the axe and the hand saw. The tools used today are the chainsaw Wood and big machines that cut and raise the trunk quickly. smoothen (sand) drill join and fix (glue, nail, screw) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rM5g0Sk0AWo&feature=player_embedded finish (wax, varnish, paint, ink, lack)
  • 13. Types of wood. Samples. http://www.linalquibla.com/TecnoWeb/madera/contenidos/tiposmadera.htm Poplar = chopo Walnut = nogal Oak = roble Birch = abedul Cherry = cerezo Pine = pino Ebony = 辿bano Fir = abeto Soft wood: resinous and evergreen trees, they are easy to work with (pine, fir, poplar) Hard wood: deciduous trees like oak , walnut, ebony,
  • 15. Derivative products (II) (plywood, chipboard, fiber board). Artificial Boards: Cheaper and bigger sizes than natural wood. Completely flat and smooth. Will not rot and it卒s termite resistant. Plywoods: Made with wood sheets with perpendicular fibers and are stuck together. These boards always have an uneven number of sheets. Chipboards: Made with glued and pressed wood shavings. We can paste plastic or natural wood sheets together to get a wood best finish quality. Fiber Boards: We can get them from wood fibers pressed together at high pressure and temperature, glued with synthetic resin (DM) or natural resin (tablex).
  • 16. Environmental impact deforestation recycling