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FIBER IDENTIFICATION REPORT BY: M.ARSLAN SOHAIL TO: Sir IMRAN RAZA
FIBER IDENTIFICATION
REPORT
NATURAL FIBERS
BURN TEST:
COTTON
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Ribbon
shaped with periodic
twists called convolutions.
Cross sectional: Collapsed
tube or bean shaped.

Ignites on contact with flames; burns quickly and leaves a
yellowish
to orange afterglow when put out. Does not melt. It has the
odor of burning
paper, leaves, or wood. The residue is a fine, feathery, gray
ash.
Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 70% sulphuric acid ( 20 min)
 Cuprammoniumhydroxide
 80% formic acid
 Xylene (boiling)
 Hydrochloric acid 20%
 Acetone 100%
 Chlorinebleach 5%


BURN TEST:
. Does not melt. It has the odor of burning
FLAX/ LINEN
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Bamboo-
like with cross wise
markings called nodes.
Cross-sectional: The
cell wall appears thick
and polygonal in shape
with lumen in the
centre.

paper, leaves, or wood. The residue is a fine, feathery, gray
ash.
Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 75% (m/m)
sulphuric acid
(slowly or may be
partly only).
 Swells in
cuprammonium
hydroxide.
 Meta cresol.
 80% formic acid
 Hydrochloric acid 20%
 Acetone 100%

JUTE
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Cross sectional: The fibers
have a small central canal
similar to the lumen in cotton.
Several sided or polygonal
with rounded edges.
Longitudinal: Long,
Transparent, cylindrical,
sometimes striated
appearance. It has harrow
lumen running through centre.

BURN TEST: It does not shrink from flame. It smells like
burning leaves or wood. The ash is gray and smoke has no
fume hazard.
Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 75% (m/m) sulphuricacid
(slowly or may be partly
only).
 Swells in cuprammonium
hydroxide.
 Meta cresol.
SILK

MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
BURN TEST:
Burns slowly, but does not melt. It shrinks from the flame. It
has the
odor of charred meat (some say like burned hair). The
residue is a black,
hollow irregular bead that can be easily to a gritty, grayish-
black ash powder.
It is self-extinguishing, i.e., it burns itself out.
Longitudinal: like a hollow
glass rod.
Cross sectional: Triangular
with rounded corners, in
pairs.

Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 Cuprammonium
hydroxide.
 Molarsodium
hypochlorite.
 Sulphuricacid 70%
 Meta cresol
 Xylene
(boiling)
 Acetone 100%
WOOL

BURN TEST:
Burns with an orange sputtery color, but
does not melt. It shrinks from the flame. It has a strong odor
of burning hair
or feathers. The residue is a black, hollow irregular bead
that can be easily
crushed into a gritty black powder. It is self-extinguishing,
i.e., it burns itself
out.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Irregular and
roughly cylindrical, prominent
scale marking or flattened
plates.
Cross sectional: Oval to
circular with variation in
diameter medulla is concentric
and variable in size.

Solubility test:
MAN-MADE FIBERS
Soluble Insoluble
 Molarsodium
hypochlorite
 Boiling 5% sodium
hydroxide.
 Cold meta cresol
 80% formic acid
 Acetone 100%
 Hydrochloric acid
20%
 Sulphuricacid 70%.
POLYESTER

BURN TEST:
It will shrink from the flame and burn slowly giving off
black
smoke. Has a somewhat sweet chemical odor. The residue is
initially a hard
cream-colored bead that becomes darker tan.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Very
regular,smooth, rod like
appearance.
Cross sectional: Circular
in cross section.
NOTE: The longitudinal and cross-sectional shape of synthetic
fibers is controlable and can be changed desireably.

Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 Conc. Sulphuricacid
dissolves.
 90% phenolat room
temperature(boil)
 m-cresol at room
temperature(boil).
 Acetone 100%.
 Formic acid 90%.
 Hydrochloric acid
20%.
NYLON

BURN TEST:
It will shrink from the flame and burn slowly. Has an odor
likened to
celery. Its residue is initially a hard, cream-colored bead
that becomes
darker gray.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: featureless. Cross-sectional: 3 lobes,
occasionally with round or
triangular.

Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 80% Sulphuricacid (m/m) at
room temperature for 15 min.
 Nitric acid (conc.) at room
temperature for 15 min.
 90% Phenol or m-cresol at
room temp.
 Acetone at room
temp.
 Chlorinebleach 5%.
ACRYLIC

BURN TEST:
Flames and burns rapidly with hot, sputtering flame and a
black
smoke. Has an acrid, fishy odor. The residue is a hard
irregularly-shaped
black bead.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Rod like with
smooth surface and profile.
Cross-sectional: Nearly round
or bean shaped

Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 Nitric acid (conc.)
at room
temperature for 15
min.
 Acetone at room
temp.
 90% Phenol or m-
cresol at room
temp.
VISCOSE RAYON

BURN TEST:
Burns slowly without flame with slight melting and smell of
burnt paper, leaves soft black ash.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW:
Longitudinal: Uniform
diameter with striation
running parallel to the fibre.
Cross-sectional: highly
servated (nearly round for
polynosic)

Solubility test:
Soluble Insoluble
 80% Sulphuricacid
(m/m) at room
temperature for 15
min.
 Nitric acid (conc.) at room
temperature for 15 min.
 Acetone at room temp.
 90% Phenol or m-cresol
at room temp.


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