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Fidelibus, ctgc rootstocks, 2015

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Matthew Fidelibus
Matthew Fidelibus

This presentation summarizes recent research on performance of Autumn King and Scarlet Royal grapevines on different rootstocks.

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New rootstocks for table grapes Matthew Fidelibus UC Davis and Jennifer Hashim-Maquire Formerly UCCE Viticulture Advisor
Acknowledgements California Table Grape Commission Grower Cooperators Don Luvisi Allison Ferry-Abee, Franka Gabler, Ashraf El Kereamy, Larry Williams, Shinjian ¡°George¡± Zhuang
Outline ? Potential rootstock benefits ? General characteristics of common rootstock parent species and hybrid groups ? Site factors that influence selection ? Value of testing programs; university or on- farm trials ? Review of California selection programs and sample data
Potential benefits of rootstocks ? Resistance to nematodes and phylloxera ? Influence vine mineral nutrition and salt tolerance ? Influence scion capacity and vigor ? Influence vine yield, fruit quality, and maturation rate ? Tolerance to water deficit
Classic rootstocks ? Original purpose of rootstocks was to overcome phylloxera ? Vitis riparia & Vitis rupestris resistant to phylloxera, root well from dormant cuttings, & graft well with vinifera scions ? Vitis berlandieri does better on calcareous soils, but roots poorly, so it was crossed with V. riparia and V. rupestris
Vitis berlandieri ? Variable phylloxera resistance ? Good lime tolerance ? Deep rooting provides some drought tolerance
Vitis riparia ? High phylloxera resistance ? Easy to propagate ? Riparian origin and low drought resistance, moderate salt tolerance ? Shallow roots, low vigor, early fruit maturity ? Low resistance to root knot nematode; moderate resistance to dagger nematode
Vitis rupestris ? Deep roots can help protect against drought, but not on shallow soils ? High phylloxera resistance but low nematode resistance ? Easy to propagate
V. riparia x V. rupestris hybrids ? Low to moderate vigor ? Early fruit maturity ? Low drought tolerance ? Includes 101-14, Schwarzmann, 3309 C
V. berlandieri x V. riparia hybrids ? Moderate to high vigor ? Moderately sensitive to drought ? Includes Teleki 5C, Kober 5BB, SO4, 420A
V. berlandieri x V. rupestris ? Moderate to high scion vigor ? Good drought and salt tolerance ? Moderate to high nematode tolerance ? Includes 1103 P, 140 Ruggeri, 110 Richter, 99 Richter
Vitis candicans / mustangensis ? Resistant to phylloxera and nematodes ? Difficult to propagate
Vitis x. champinii ? Natural hybrid of V. candicans x V. rupestris ? Moderate phylloxera & dagger nematode resistance, high root knot nematode resist. ? Deep roots, high vigor, high drought & salt tolerance ? Dog Ridge & Ramsey are champinii selections; Freedom & Harmony are complex hybrids with champinii parentage
Why are new rootstocks needed? ? Few stocks currently in use: Freedom, Harmony, & 1103P ? Freedom & Harmony >40 years old; some soil pests have overcome resistance mechanisms ? Effective fumigants & nematicides have been restricted or phased out ? As water becomes more limited, need for drought & salt tolerant stocks will increase
California rootstock evaluation efforts ? Hundreds of yet untested rootstock selections from USDA and UC Davis breeding programs ? Raisin grape trial in Fresno ? Wine grape trials throughout the state ? Table grape trials in Ducor, Goshen, and Traver
Fidelibus, ctgc rootstocks, 2015
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Autumn King¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Harmony USDA, Fresno V. champinii x 1613C Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia Salt Creek (Ramsey) Texas V. candicans x. V. rupestris 1103-P Sicily, Italy V. berlandieri x V. rupestris ¡®Crimson Seedless¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera USDA 10-17 A USDA, Fresno V. simpsoni x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera) RS-3 UC KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) RSD-34 UC KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana GRN1 UC Davis V. rupestris x M. rotundifolia hybrid GRN2 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x Riparia Gloire GRN3 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x V. champinii c9038 (probably V. candicans x V. monticola) GRN4 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x V. champinii c9038 (probably V. candicans x V. monticola) GRN-5 UC Davis (V. champinii Ramsey x Riparia Gloire) x V. champinii c9021 (probably V. candicans x V. berlandieri)
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Autumn King¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Harmony USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Salt Creek (Ramsey) Texas V. candicans x. V. rupestris Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia RS-3 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) RS-9 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) USDA 10-17A USDA, Fresno V. simpsonii x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera)) RSD-34 KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana
¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C 1103-P Sicily, Italy V. berlandieri x V. rupestris Kober 5BB Austria V. berlandieri x V. riparia Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia RS-3 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris)x(V. riparia x V .rupestris) RS-9 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) USDA 10-23B USDA, Fresno V. doaniana 10-17A USDA, Fresno V. simpsoni x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera)) RSD-34 KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Petiole Analysis P (total) K (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N Rootstock (%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) 10-17A 0.10 de 1.98 bc 2.13 bc 0.47 def 738 cde 1103 P 0.12 cde 1.77 bcde 1.67 f 0.54 cd 777 bcd ¡®Crimson¡¯ 0.11 cde 1.70 de 1.89 de 0.51 de 439 ef Freedom 0.11 cde 2.52 a 1.99 cd 0.75 a 1401 a GRN1 0.17 a 1.92 bcd 1.92 de 0.60 bc 1405 a GRN2 0.16 ab 2.32 a 2.39 a 0.44 ef 1038 b GRN3 0.15 ab 1.71 cde 1.99 cd 0.54 cd 657 cdef GRN4 0.13 bcd 2.48 a 2.30 ab 0.49 def 749 bcde Harmony 0.10 de 2.02 b 1.71 f 0.48 def 389 f Own-rooted 0.11 cde 1.60 e 2.02 cd 0.54 cd 593 def RS3 0.15 abc 2.50 a 2.14 bc 0.64 b 697 cde RSD34 0.09 e 1.83 bcde 2.18 bc 0.53 cd 502 def Salt Creek 0.12 bcde 1.88 bcde 1.78 ef 0.43 f 920 bc Teleki 5C 0.13 bcd 1.65 de 2.04 cd 0.54 cd 585 def
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Petiole Analysis B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) 10-17A 76 bcd 39 abcd 127 ef 8.6 a 0.019 efg 0.34 ab 1103 P 73 cd 27 d 163 de 4.5 bc 0.014 g 0.00 f ¡®Crimson¡¯ 73 cd 40 abc 282 a 5.9 bc 0.122 a 0.38 a Freedom 86 ab 29 bcd 227 bc 3.9 c 0.040 d 0.21 c GRN1 72 d 31 bcd 173 de 5.4 bc 0.022 efg 0 f GRN2 82 abcd 29 bcd 164 de 6.2 bc 0.030 de 0.30 b GRN3 85 ab 36 abcd 157 de 4.8 bc 0.016 fg 0.09 de GRN4 90 a 29 cd 191 cd 4.7 bc 0.024 efg 0.12 d Harmony 80 abcd 42 ab 174 de 4.7 bc 0.071 c 0.03 f Own-rooted 90 a 45 a 244 ab 6.8 ab 0.096 b 0.37 a RS3 84 abc 34 abcd 172 de 5.4 bc 0.071 c 0.0 f RSD34 78 bcd 34 abcd 161 de 4.6 bc 0.076 c 0.06 ef Salt Creek 77 bcd 41 abc 110 f 6.8 ab 0.021 efg 0.09 de Teleki 5C 89 a 33 abcd 199 bcd 4.8 bc 0.028 def 0.01 f
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Fruit Quality Berry weight Brix pH TA Cultivar (g) (%) (%) (g/100 ml) 10-17A 5.62 abc 15.7 d 3.85 e 0.30 bcde 1103 P 5.95 a 16.95 ab 3.89 cde 0.32 abc ¡®Crimson¡¯ 5.45 abc 16.49 bc 3.89 cde 0.30 def Freedom 5.27 bcd 17.45 a 3.97 ab 0.31 bcd GRN1 5.51 abc 16.04 cd 3.88 cde 0.32 abc GRN2 5.71 abc 16.39 bc 3.91 bcde 0.33 a GRN3 5.80 ab 16.77 ab 3.91 bcde 0.29 def GRN4 5.60 abc 16.86 ab 3.92 bcd 0.30 cde Harmony 5.64 abc 17.39 a 4.01 a 0.28 f Own-rooted 4.79 d 17.04 ab 3.85 e 0.29 ef RS3 5.54 abc 16.83 ab 3.92 bcd 0.30 bcde RSD34 5.19 cd 17.40 a 3.92 bcd 0.28 f Salt Creek 5.91 a 16.51 bc 3.89 cde 0.29 def Teleki 5C 5.44 abc 17.27 a 3.92 bcd 0.32 ab
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Picking Data Clusters pickedz Total harvest Cull wt/vine Cultivar (no.) Yield (kg/vine) (kg) 10-17A 32 11.58 4.05 1103 P 37 14.00 3.94 ¡®Crimson¡¯ 43 13.22 4.53 Freedom 48 12.43 4.42 GRN1 42 11.11 4.32 GRN2 46 11.60 3.75 GRN3 17 9.19 2.88 GRN4 36 11.53 3.95 Harmony 61 15.38 5.34 Own-rooted 35 7.85 3.12 RS3 34 11.25 3.70 RSD34 28 7.54 3.06 Salt Creek 26 12.20 3.74 Teleki 5C 35 11.45 2.77
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, 2012 N (total) P (total) K (total) S (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N (total) Cultivar (%) (%) (%) (ppm) (%) (%) (ppm) RS-3 1.26 bc 0.51 b 4.12 b 1533 e 1.42 c 0.39 abc 889 c RS-9 1.25 bc 0.40 de 3.41 c 2374 a 1.42 c 0.42 ab 1189 bc Freedom 1.52 ab 0.52 b 4.46 a 1756 de 1.73 b 0.41 ab 2325 a Own Root 1.04 c 0.36 ef 2.62 d 1553 e 1.72 b 0.38 bcd 984 c Harmony 1.25 bc 0.44 cd 3.99 b 2081 bc 1.51 c 0.36 cde 1641 b Ramsey 1.78 a 0.57 a 3.44 c 2142 b 1.64 b 0.35 de 2116 a 10-17A 1.05 c 0.33 f 2.77 d 1913 bcd 1.95 a 0.42 a 740 c RSD-34 1.31 bc 0.36 ef 3.31 c 1969 bcd 1.49 c 0.33 ef 1591 b Teleki 5C 1.15 bc 0.46 c 3.61 c 1876 cd 1.93 a 0.31 f 1456 b
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, 2012 B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Fe (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Pruning wt Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) (kg/vine) RS-3 37.82 d 38.49 a 44.25 ab 39.92 ab 12.14 cd 0.03 c 0.26 c 4.80 bcd RS-9 42.70 ab 35.05 bc 21.10 de 36.79 ab 11.70 d 0.01 ef 0.15 d 4.37 bcd Freedom 43.98 a 25.73 d 40.59 bc 42.97 ab 9.59 f 0.02 de 0.33 b 5.33 ab Own Root 39.71 cd 34.22 c 34.52 bcd 34.58 b 13.09 bc 0.06 a 0.45 a 5.79 a Harmony 37.92 d 34.16 c 19.44 e 45.36 a 11.07 de 0.03 cd 0.14 d 4.06 cd Ramsey 40.47 bcd 40.14 a 27.30 cde 42.87 ab 14.31 a 0.02 ef 0.17 d 4.40 bcd 10-17A 40.83 bc 37.63 ab 54.15 a 37.87 ab 13.48 ab 0.03 cd 0.44 a 3.87 d RSD-34 38.12 d 26.04 d 32.40 bcde 36.14 ab 11.95 cd 0.04 b 0.29 bc 5.04 abc Teleki 5C 39.52 cd 34.79 bc 34.10 bcd 40.13 ab 10.37 ef 0.01 f 0.13 d 4.57 bcd
¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, Fruit Quality Berry weight Brix pH TA Cultivar (g) (%) (%) (g/100 ml) RS-3 10.54 bc 16.49 ab 3.99 b 3.51 bc RS-9 10.38 bc 15.98 bc 3.94 cd 3.66 ab Freedom 10.08 c 15.97 bc 4.06 a 3.77 a Own Root 11.09 b 15.67 c 3.97 bc 3.61 abc Harmony 10.81 bc 15.61 c 4.06 a 3.64 ab Ramsey 11.81 a 15.45 cd 4.04 a 3.43 c 10-17A 10.49 bc 15.06 d 3.92 d 3.40 c RSD-34 10.57 bc 16.57 a 3.97 bc 3.65 ab Teleki 5C 11.03 b 15.84 c 3.99 b 3.58 abc
¡®Autumn King¡¯,Traver Clusters Total harvest Cull wt/vine Cultivar (no.) Yield (kg/vine) (kg) RS-3 75 ab 25.10 bc 2.69 abc RS-9 70 ab 24.29 bc 2.91 ab Freedom 63 ab 17.92 d 1.82 d Own Root 83 a 28.66 ab 2.77 ab Harmony 69 ab 22.34 cd 1.91 cd Ramsey 70 ab 23.86 bc 2.12 bcd 10-17A 61 b 31.41 a 3.29 a RSD-34 78 ab 26.38 abc 3.00 a Teleki 5C 76 ab 24.74 bc 2.56 abcd
¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Petiole Analyses P (total) K (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N (total) Cultivar (%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) RS-3 0.337 c 3.53 ab 1.54 e 0.46 a 290 bc RS-9 0.326 c 3.11 d 1.69 d 0.47 a 280 bc Freedom 0.309 cd 3.69 a 1.94 c 0.46 a 503 a Own Root 0.303 cd 3.50 ab 1.83 c 0.36 bc 272 bcd Teleki 5C 0.380 b 3.44 b 2.14 b 0.30 de 176 d Kober 5BB 0.438 a 3.34 bc 2.18 b 0.33 cd 214 b 10-17A 0.271 de 3.16 cd 2.39 a 0.38 b 213 cd 1103-P 0.454 a 3.56 ab 2.21 b 0.48 a 327 b 10-23B 0.261 e 3.44 b 2.07 b 0.27 e 341 b RSD-34 0.339 c 3.21 cd 1.44 e 0.32 de 452 a
¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Petiole Analyses B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Pruning weight Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) (kg/vine) RS-3 38.7 c 38 b 40 c 11.62 bc 0.03 b 0.28 c 3.31 c RS-9 45.5 b 37 bc 28 d 11.68 bc 0.01 c 0.11 d 3.28 c Freedom 48.9 a 31 d 54 b 8.83 d 0.02 c 0.29 c 4.45 a Own Root 40.1 c 39 b 42 c 12.64 ab 0.13 a 0.75 a 4.09 ab Teleki 5C 45.3 b 30 d 39 c 10.11 cd 0.02 c 0.11 d 3.75 bc Kober 5BB 43.5 b 44 a 61 ab 10.64 c 0.01 c 0.09 d 3.97 ab 10-17A 43.9 b 31 d 24 d 13.86 a 0.01 c 0.45 b 3.39 c 1103-P 48.5 a 34 c 62 a 11.12 bc 0.01 c 0.05 d 4.32 a 10-23B 40.9 c 18 e 44 c 10.34 cd 0.01 c 0.05 d 3.32 c RSD-34 39.7 c 29 d 54 b 10.72 c 0.01 c 0.06 d 3.37 c
¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Fruit Quality Berry weight Length Width Brix TA Cultivar Lightness Chroma hue (g) (mm) (mm) (%) pH (g/100 ml) RS-3 29.43 10.15 abc 17.97 ab 9.12 ab 28.99 ab 22.68 a 17.87 3.45 8.0 abc RS-9 28.65 9.93 bc 14.40 ab 9.02 ab 28.92 ab 22.31 ab 18.48 3.47 7.74 abc Freedom 28.02 10.47 ab 16.15 ab 8.15 c 28.12 bc 21.58 abc 18.54 3.50 8.13 ab Own Root 28.86 10.86 a 17.12 ab 8.75 abc 29.10 ab 22.37 ab 17.69 3.45 8.41 a Teleki 5C 28.08 9.63 c 13.82 b 8.64 abc 29.31 a 22.02 abc 18.49 3.46 8.35 a Kober 5BB 28.70 10.30 abc 16.96 ab 8.62 abc 29.31 a 21.00 c 17.90 3.48 8.31 a 10-17A 29.17 10.88 a 17.17 ab 8.67 abc 29.38 a 21.85 abc 17.99 3.53 7.33 bc 1103-P 28.27 10.05 bc 14.65 ab 9.24 a 29.39 a 22.36 ab 18.24 3.47 8.33 a 10-23B 28.20 10.17 abc 15.58 ab 8.51 bc 28.74 ab 21.84 abc 18.03 3.53 7.19 c RSD-34 28.96 10.00 bc 18.43 a 7.60 d 27.44 c 21.52 bc 17.72 3.49 8.35 a
¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Picking Data Total packed wt Cultivar (kg) RS-3 27.7 ab RS-9 24.9 b Freedom 25.9 b Own Root 28.7 ab Teleki 5C 25.4 b Kober 5BB 22.6 b 10-17A 23.9 b 1103-P 32.2 a 10-23B 32.9 a RSD-34 26.3 b
Summary ? Rootstocks tested have consistent effects on mineral nutrition and salt uptake ? Rootstock effects on fruit quality and yield have been relatively small, though Freedom appears to reduce berry size whereas Ramsey promotes it ? Pest pressure has been relatively low and variable; differences among stocks may increase with pest pressure
Fidelibus, ctgc rootstocks, 2015
Fidelibus, ctgc rootstocks, 2015
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Fidelibus, ctgc rootstocks, 2015

  • 1. New rootstocks for table grapes Matthew Fidelibus UC Davis and Jennifer Hashim-Maquire Formerly UCCE Viticulture Advisor
  • 2. Acknowledgements California Table Grape Commission Grower Cooperators Don Luvisi Allison Ferry-Abee, Franka Gabler, Ashraf El Kereamy, Larry Williams, Shinjian ¡°George¡± Zhuang
  • 3. Outline ? Potential rootstock benefits ? General characteristics of common rootstock parent species and hybrid groups ? Site factors that influence selection ? Value of testing programs; university or on- farm trials ? Review of California selection programs and sample data
  • 4. Potential benefits of rootstocks ? Resistance to nematodes and phylloxera ? Influence vine mineral nutrition and salt tolerance ? Influence scion capacity and vigor ? Influence vine yield, fruit quality, and maturation rate ? Tolerance to water deficit
  • 5. Classic rootstocks ? Original purpose of rootstocks was to overcome phylloxera ? Vitis riparia & Vitis rupestris resistant to phylloxera, root well from dormant cuttings, & graft well with vinifera scions ? Vitis berlandieri does better on calcareous soils, but roots poorly, so it was crossed with V. riparia and V. rupestris
  • 6. Vitis berlandieri ? Variable phylloxera resistance ? Good lime tolerance ? Deep rooting provides some drought tolerance
  • 7. Vitis riparia ? High phylloxera resistance ? Easy to propagate ? Riparian origin and low drought resistance, moderate salt tolerance ? Shallow roots, low vigor, early fruit maturity ? Low resistance to root knot nematode; moderate resistance to dagger nematode
  • 8. Vitis rupestris ? Deep roots can help protect against drought, but not on shallow soils ? High phylloxera resistance but low nematode resistance ? Easy to propagate
  • 9. V. riparia x V. rupestris hybrids ? Low to moderate vigor ? Early fruit maturity ? Low drought tolerance ? Includes 101-14, Schwarzmann, 3309 C
  • 10. V. berlandieri x V. riparia hybrids ? Moderate to high vigor ? Moderately sensitive to drought ? Includes Teleki 5C, Kober 5BB, SO4, 420A
  • 11. V. berlandieri x V. rupestris ? Moderate to high scion vigor ? Good drought and salt tolerance ? Moderate to high nematode tolerance ? Includes 1103 P, 140 Ruggeri, 110 Richter, 99 Richter
  • 12. Vitis candicans / mustangensis ? Resistant to phylloxera and nematodes ? Difficult to propagate
  • 13. Vitis x. champinii ? Natural hybrid of V. candicans x V. rupestris ? Moderate phylloxera & dagger nematode resistance, high root knot nematode resist. ? Deep roots, high vigor, high drought & salt tolerance ? Dog Ridge & Ramsey are champinii selections; Freedom & Harmony are complex hybrids with champinii parentage
  • 14. Why are new rootstocks needed? ? Few stocks currently in use: Freedom, Harmony, & 1103P ? Freedom & Harmony >40 years old; some soil pests have overcome resistance mechanisms ? Effective fumigants & nematicides have been restricted or phased out ? As water becomes more limited, need for drought & salt tolerant stocks will increase
  • 15. California rootstock evaluation efforts ? Hundreds of yet untested rootstock selections from USDA and UC Davis breeding programs ? Raisin grape trial in Fresno ? Wine grape trials throughout the state ? Table grape trials in Ducor, Goshen, and Traver
  • 17. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Autumn King¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Harmony USDA, Fresno V. champinii x 1613C Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia Salt Creek (Ramsey) Texas V. candicans x. V. rupestris 1103-P Sicily, Italy V. berlandieri x V. rupestris ¡®Crimson Seedless¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera USDA 10-17 A USDA, Fresno V. simpsoni x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera) RS-3 UC KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) RSD-34 UC KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana GRN1 UC Davis V. rupestris x M. rotundifolia hybrid GRN2 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x Riparia Gloire GRN3 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x V. champinii c9038 (probably V. candicans x V. monticola) GRN4 UC Davis (V. rufotomentosa x (V. champinii Dog Ridge x Riparia Gloire)) x V. champinii c9038 (probably V. candicans x V. monticola) GRN-5 UC Davis (V. champinii Ramsey x Riparia Gloire) x V. champinii c9021 (probably V. candicans x V. berlandieri)
  • 18. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Autumn King¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Harmony USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C Salt Creek (Ramsey) Texas V. candicans x. V. rupestris Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia RS-3 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) RS-9 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) USDA 10-17A USDA, Fresno V. simpsonii x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera)) RSD-34 KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana
  • 19. ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, California Rootstock Origin Parentage ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯ USDA, Fresno V. vinifera Freedom USDA, Fresno V champinii x 1613C 1103-P Sicily, Italy V. berlandieri x V. rupestris Kober 5BB Austria V. berlandieri x V. riparia Teleki 5C Hungary V. berlandieri x V. riparia RS-3 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris)x(V. riparia x V .rupestris) RS-9 KAC, Parlier (V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris) USDA 10-23B USDA, Fresno V. doaniana 10-17A USDA, Fresno V. simpsoni x Edna ((V. lincecumii x V. rupestris) x V. vinifera)) RSD-34 KAC, Parlier ((V. candicans x V. rupestris) x (V. riparia x V. rupestris)) x V. doaniana
  • 20. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Petiole Analysis P (total) K (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N Rootstock (%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) 10-17A 0.10 de 1.98 bc 2.13 bc 0.47 def 738 cde 1103 P 0.12 cde 1.77 bcde 1.67 f 0.54 cd 777 bcd ¡®Crimson¡¯ 0.11 cde 1.70 de 1.89 de 0.51 de 439 ef Freedom 0.11 cde 2.52 a 1.99 cd 0.75 a 1401 a GRN1 0.17 a 1.92 bcd 1.92 de 0.60 bc 1405 a GRN2 0.16 ab 2.32 a 2.39 a 0.44 ef 1038 b GRN3 0.15 ab 1.71 cde 1.99 cd 0.54 cd 657 cdef GRN4 0.13 bcd 2.48 a 2.30 ab 0.49 def 749 bcde Harmony 0.10 de 2.02 b 1.71 f 0.48 def 389 f Own-rooted 0.11 cde 1.60 e 2.02 cd 0.54 cd 593 def RS3 0.15 abc 2.50 a 2.14 bc 0.64 b 697 cde RSD34 0.09 e 1.83 bcde 2.18 bc 0.53 cd 502 def Salt Creek 0.12 bcde 1.88 bcde 1.78 ef 0.43 f 920 bc Teleki 5C 0.13 bcd 1.65 de 2.04 cd 0.54 cd 585 def
  • 21. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Petiole Analysis B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) 10-17A 76 bcd 39 abcd 127 ef 8.6 a 0.019 efg 0.34 ab 1103 P 73 cd 27 d 163 de 4.5 bc 0.014 g 0.00 f ¡®Crimson¡¯ 73 cd 40 abc 282 a 5.9 bc 0.122 a 0.38 a Freedom 86 ab 29 bcd 227 bc 3.9 c 0.040 d 0.21 c GRN1 72 d 31 bcd 173 de 5.4 bc 0.022 efg 0 f GRN2 82 abcd 29 bcd 164 de 6.2 bc 0.030 de 0.30 b GRN3 85 ab 36 abcd 157 de 4.8 bc 0.016 fg 0.09 de GRN4 90 a 29 cd 191 cd 4.7 bc 0.024 efg 0.12 d Harmony 80 abcd 42 ab 174 de 4.7 bc 0.071 c 0.03 f Own-rooted 90 a 45 a 244 ab 6.8 ab 0.096 b 0.37 a RS3 84 abc 34 abcd 172 de 5.4 bc 0.071 c 0.0 f RSD34 78 bcd 34 abcd 161 de 4.6 bc 0.076 c 0.06 ef Salt Creek 77 bcd 41 abc 110 f 6.8 ab 0.021 efg 0.09 de Teleki 5C 89 a 33 abcd 199 bcd 4.8 bc 0.028 def 0.01 f
  • 22. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Fruit Quality Berry weight Brix pH TA Cultivar (g) (%) (%) (g/100 ml) 10-17A 5.62 abc 15.7 d 3.85 e 0.30 bcde 1103 P 5.95 a 16.95 ab 3.89 cde 0.32 abc ¡®Crimson¡¯ 5.45 abc 16.49 bc 3.89 cde 0.30 def Freedom 5.27 bcd 17.45 a 3.97 ab 0.31 bcd GRN1 5.51 abc 16.04 cd 3.88 cde 0.32 abc GRN2 5.71 abc 16.39 bc 3.91 bcde 0.33 a GRN3 5.80 ab 16.77 ab 3.91 bcde 0.29 def GRN4 5.60 abc 16.86 ab 3.92 bcd 0.30 cde Harmony 5.64 abc 17.39 a 4.01 a 0.28 f Own-rooted 4.79 d 17.04 ab 3.85 e 0.29 ef RS3 5.54 abc 16.83 ab 3.92 bcd 0.30 bcde RSD34 5.19 cd 17.40 a 3.92 bcd 0.28 f Salt Creek 5.91 a 16.51 bc 3.89 cde 0.29 def Teleki 5C 5.44 abc 17.27 a 3.92 bcd 0.32 ab
  • 23. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Ducor, Picking Data Clusters pickedz Total harvest Cull wt/vine Cultivar (no.) Yield (kg/vine) (kg) 10-17A 32 11.58 4.05 1103 P 37 14.00 3.94 ¡®Crimson¡¯ 43 13.22 4.53 Freedom 48 12.43 4.42 GRN1 42 11.11 4.32 GRN2 46 11.60 3.75 GRN3 17 9.19 2.88 GRN4 36 11.53 3.95 Harmony 61 15.38 5.34 Own-rooted 35 7.85 3.12 RS3 34 11.25 3.70 RSD34 28 7.54 3.06 Salt Creek 26 12.20 3.74 Teleki 5C 35 11.45 2.77
  • 24. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, 2012 N (total) P (total) K (total) S (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N (total) Cultivar (%) (%) (%) (ppm) (%) (%) (ppm) RS-3 1.26 bc 0.51 b 4.12 b 1533 e 1.42 c 0.39 abc 889 c RS-9 1.25 bc 0.40 de 3.41 c 2374 a 1.42 c 0.42 ab 1189 bc Freedom 1.52 ab 0.52 b 4.46 a 1756 de 1.73 b 0.41 ab 2325 a Own Root 1.04 c 0.36 ef 2.62 d 1553 e 1.72 b 0.38 bcd 984 c Harmony 1.25 bc 0.44 cd 3.99 b 2081 bc 1.51 c 0.36 cde 1641 b Ramsey 1.78 a 0.57 a 3.44 c 2142 b 1.64 b 0.35 de 2116 a 10-17A 1.05 c 0.33 f 2.77 d 1913 bcd 1.95 a 0.42 a 740 c RSD-34 1.31 bc 0.36 ef 3.31 c 1969 bcd 1.49 c 0.33 ef 1591 b Teleki 5C 1.15 bc 0.46 c 3.61 c 1876 cd 1.93 a 0.31 f 1456 b
  • 25. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, 2012 B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Fe (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Pruning wt Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) (kg/vine) RS-3 37.82 d 38.49 a 44.25 ab 39.92 ab 12.14 cd 0.03 c 0.26 c 4.80 bcd RS-9 42.70 ab 35.05 bc 21.10 de 36.79 ab 11.70 d 0.01 ef 0.15 d 4.37 bcd Freedom 43.98 a 25.73 d 40.59 bc 42.97 ab 9.59 f 0.02 de 0.33 b 5.33 ab Own Root 39.71 cd 34.22 c 34.52 bcd 34.58 b 13.09 bc 0.06 a 0.45 a 5.79 a Harmony 37.92 d 34.16 c 19.44 e 45.36 a 11.07 de 0.03 cd 0.14 d 4.06 cd Ramsey 40.47 bcd 40.14 a 27.30 cde 42.87 ab 14.31 a 0.02 ef 0.17 d 4.40 bcd 10-17A 40.83 bc 37.63 ab 54.15 a 37.87 ab 13.48 ab 0.03 cd 0.44 a 3.87 d RSD-34 38.12 d 26.04 d 32.40 bcde 36.14 ab 11.95 cd 0.04 b 0.29 bc 5.04 abc Teleki 5C 39.52 cd 34.79 bc 34.10 bcd 40.13 ab 10.37 ef 0.01 f 0.13 d 4.57 bcd
  • 26. ¡®Autumn King¡¯, Traver, Fruit Quality Berry weight Brix pH TA Cultivar (g) (%) (%) (g/100 ml) RS-3 10.54 bc 16.49 ab 3.99 b 3.51 bc RS-9 10.38 bc 15.98 bc 3.94 cd 3.66 ab Freedom 10.08 c 15.97 bc 4.06 a 3.77 a Own Root 11.09 b 15.67 c 3.97 bc 3.61 abc Harmony 10.81 bc 15.61 c 4.06 a 3.64 ab Ramsey 11.81 a 15.45 cd 4.04 a 3.43 c 10-17A 10.49 bc 15.06 d 3.92 d 3.40 c RSD-34 10.57 bc 16.57 a 3.97 bc 3.65 ab Teleki 5C 11.03 b 15.84 c 3.99 b 3.58 abc
  • 27. ¡®Autumn King¡¯,Traver Clusters Total harvest Cull wt/vine Cultivar (no.) Yield (kg/vine) (kg) RS-3 75 ab 25.10 bc 2.69 abc RS-9 70 ab 24.29 bc 2.91 ab Freedom 63 ab 17.92 d 1.82 d Own Root 83 a 28.66 ab 2.77 ab Harmony 69 ab 22.34 cd 1.91 cd Ramsey 70 ab 23.86 bc 2.12 bcd 10-17A 61 b 31.41 a 3.29 a RSD-34 78 ab 26.38 abc 3.00 a Teleki 5C 76 ab 24.74 bc 2.56 abcd
  • 28. ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Petiole Analyses P (total) K (total) Ca (total) Mg (total) NO3-N (total) Cultivar (%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) RS-3 0.337 c 3.53 ab 1.54 e 0.46 a 290 bc RS-9 0.326 c 3.11 d 1.69 d 0.47 a 280 bc Freedom 0.309 cd 3.69 a 1.94 c 0.46 a 503 a Own Root 0.303 cd 3.50 ab 1.83 c 0.36 bc 272 bcd Teleki 5C 0.380 b 3.44 b 2.14 b 0.30 de 176 d Kober 5BB 0.438 a 3.34 bc 2.18 b 0.33 cd 214 b 10-17A 0.271 de 3.16 cd 2.39 a 0.38 b 213 cd 1103-P 0.454 a 3.56 ab 2.21 b 0.48 a 327 b 10-23B 0.261 e 3.44 b 2.07 b 0.27 e 341 b RSD-34 0.339 c 3.21 cd 1.44 e 0.32 de 452 a
  • 29. ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Petiole Analyses B (total) Zn (total) Mn (total) Cu (total) Na (total) Cl (IC) Pruning weight Cultivar (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (%) (kg/vine) RS-3 38.7 c 38 b 40 c 11.62 bc 0.03 b 0.28 c 3.31 c RS-9 45.5 b 37 bc 28 d 11.68 bc 0.01 c 0.11 d 3.28 c Freedom 48.9 a 31 d 54 b 8.83 d 0.02 c 0.29 c 4.45 a Own Root 40.1 c 39 b 42 c 12.64 ab 0.13 a 0.75 a 4.09 ab Teleki 5C 45.3 b 30 d 39 c 10.11 cd 0.02 c 0.11 d 3.75 bc Kober 5BB 43.5 b 44 a 61 ab 10.64 c 0.01 c 0.09 d 3.97 ab 10-17A 43.9 b 31 d 24 d 13.86 a 0.01 c 0.45 b 3.39 c 1103-P 48.5 a 34 c 62 a 11.12 bc 0.01 c 0.05 d 4.32 a 10-23B 40.9 c 18 e 44 c 10.34 cd 0.01 c 0.05 d 3.32 c RSD-34 39.7 c 29 d 54 b 10.72 c 0.01 c 0.06 d 3.37 c
  • 30. ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Fruit Quality Berry weight Length Width Brix TA Cultivar Lightness Chroma hue (g) (mm) (mm) (%) pH (g/100 ml) RS-3 29.43 10.15 abc 17.97 ab 9.12 ab 28.99 ab 22.68 a 17.87 3.45 8.0 abc RS-9 28.65 9.93 bc 14.40 ab 9.02 ab 28.92 ab 22.31 ab 18.48 3.47 7.74 abc Freedom 28.02 10.47 ab 16.15 ab 8.15 c 28.12 bc 21.58 abc 18.54 3.50 8.13 ab Own Root 28.86 10.86 a 17.12 ab 8.75 abc 29.10 ab 22.37 ab 17.69 3.45 8.41 a Teleki 5C 28.08 9.63 c 13.82 b 8.64 abc 29.31 a 22.02 abc 18.49 3.46 8.35 a Kober 5BB 28.70 10.30 abc 16.96 ab 8.62 abc 29.31 a 21.00 c 17.90 3.48 8.31 a 10-17A 29.17 10.88 a 17.17 ab 8.67 abc 29.38 a 21.85 abc 17.99 3.53 7.33 bc 1103-P 28.27 10.05 bc 14.65 ab 9.24 a 29.39 a 22.36 ab 18.24 3.47 8.33 a 10-23B 28.20 10.17 abc 15.58 ab 8.51 bc 28.74 ab 21.84 abc 18.03 3.53 7.19 c RSD-34 28.96 10.00 bc 18.43 a 7.60 d 27.44 c 21.52 bc 17.72 3.49 8.35 a
  • 31. ¡®Scarlet Royal¡¯, Goshen, Picking Data Total packed wt Cultivar (kg) RS-3 27.7 ab RS-9 24.9 b Freedom 25.9 b Own Root 28.7 ab Teleki 5C 25.4 b Kober 5BB 22.6 b 10-17A 23.9 b 1103-P 32.2 a 10-23B 32.9 a RSD-34 26.3 b
  • 32. Summary ? Rootstocks tested have consistent effects on mineral nutrition and salt uptake ? Rootstock effects on fruit quality and yield have been relatively small, though Freedom appears to reduce berry size whereas Ramsey promotes it ? Pest pressure has been relatively low and variable; differences among stocks may increase with pest pressure
  • 35. For a copy of this presentation ? http://slideshare.net/viticulture

Editor's Notes

  • #10: Best suited for cool climate viticulture
  • #14: High vigor may increase canopy management costs
  • #16: Overarching goal is to identify better rootstocks and to learn more about the suitability of various stocks to different sites and production systems
  • #17: GRN5
  • #25: Petiole mineral content at bloom