�ݺ�ߣ

Figure of
speech
Nungki Heriyati

Figure of Speech
Figures of speech are words or phrases
that depart from straightforward
literal language. Figures of speech
are often used and crafted for
emphasis, freshness, expression, or
clarity.

Figure of speech
 It is a way of saying something other than the
ordinary way.
 Some common types of figurative language
are: simile, metaphor, alliteration,
onomatopoeia, idiom, puns, and sensory
language.
 Language using figure of speech is language
that cannot be taken literary

Simile
A simile is a comparison using like, as,
or resembles. It usually compares two
dissimilar objects.
For example:
His feet were as big as boats. We are
comparing the size of feet to boats.
“She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

What do you remember
about SIMILE?
Pick out the part in the statement that expresses simile.
It is a curious thing, the death of a loved one. It's like
walking up the stairs to your bedroom in the dark and
thinking that there's one more stair than there is. Your
foot falls down through the air and there's a sickly
moment of dark surprise." -- delivered by Jude Law
(from the movie A Series of Unfortunate Events)

Understanding Simile
What is being compared to what?
Death - is like walking up the stairs
to your bedroom in the dark and
thinking that there's one more stair
than there is. Your foot falls down
through the air and there's a sickly
moment of dark surprise."

METAPHOR
A metaphor is the comparison of
two unlike things or expressions,
sometimes using the verb “to be,”
and not using like or as (as in a
simile).
“To be” (am, is, are, was, were)

Metaphor
Her hair is silk.
Hair is being compared to silk.
“All the world’s a stage, and we
are merely players.”
- William Shakespeare

METAPHOR
He is a pig.
“You are a tulip.”
From “A Meditation for his Mistress”
~Robert Herrick

Implied Metaphor
a kind of metaphor lacking the actual “to be” verb (is, am,
are, was, were and other such forms of the verb “to be”) called
Example:
-The subway coursed through the arteries of the city.
-A simile is an explicit parallel - She came into the room like a
ship in full sail.
A metaphor is an implicit parallel - She sailed into the room.

 Decide whether each sentence contains a simile or a metaphor.
Write the word SIMILE if the sentence contains a simile. Write the
word METAPHOR if the sentence contains a metaphor.
1. The baby was like an octopus, grabbing at all the cans on the
grocery store shelves.
2. As the teacher entered the room she muttered under her
breath, "This class is like a three-ring circus!"
3. The giant’s steps were thunder as he ran toward Jack.
4. The pillow was a cloud when I put my head upon it after a long
day.
5. I feel like a limp dishrag.
6. Those girls are like two peas in a pod.
7. The fluorescent light was the sun during our test.
8. No one invites Harold to parties because he’s a wet blanket.
9. The bar of soap was a slippery eel during the dog’s bath.
10. Ted was as nervous as a cat with a long tail in a room full of
rocking chairs.

Synecdoche
a part represents the whole:
All hands on deck!
Lend me your ears.
Let’s buy one hundred head of cattle!

Definition of Synecdoche
a figure of speech by which a part is put for the
whole (as fifty sail for fifty ships),
the whole for a part (as society for high society),
the species for the genus (as cutthroat for
assassin),
the genus for the species (as a creature for a
man), or
the name of the material for the thing made (as
boards for stage).

Metonymy
a figure of speech consists of the use of the name of
one thing for that of another of which it is an
attribute or with which it is associated; it is another
form of metaphor.
Example:
 The Crown is amused (“The Crown” is the Queen).
 The White House is furious (“The White House” is the
President).

What do you remember about
PERSONIFICATION?
A figure of speech in which inanimate
objects or abstractions are endowed with
human qualities or are represented as
possessing human form
(e.g. Hunger sat shivering on the road or
Flowers danced about the lawn. )

Understanding Personification
Underline the word that gives a quality of
a person.
1. The sun stretches its warmth across the
land.
2. The chair danced as the baby bounced
to and fro.
3. The darkness wrapped its arms
around me.

HYPERBOLE
A hyperbole is an or
an .
=
His feet are as big as boats!
I nearly died laughing!
exaggeration
overstatement

Definition of Hyperbole
An extravagant statement; the
use of exaggerated terms for the
purpose of emphasis or heightened
effect.

Example of Hyperbole
You’ve grown like a bean sprout.
I’m older than the hills.
They ran like greased lightning.
Her brain is the size of a pea.

What is Alliteration?
 A poem with alliteration repeats the initial
consonant sounds closely together.
Example:
- Sally sells seashells by the seashore.
- Sheila Shorter sought a suitor;
Shelia sought a suitor short.
Sheila’s suitor sure to suit her;
Short’s the suitor Sheila sought!
by Michael Rosen

The Purpose of Alliteration
Alliteration poems tend to be
tongue twisters. They are
written for the fun they bring
when they are read.

An Alliteration Poem
Down the slippery slide they slid
Sitting slightly sideways;
Slipping swiftly see them skid
On holidays and Fridays.

ONOMATOPOEIA
(on-uh-mat-uh-pee-uh)
An onomatopoeia is a word that
imitates the it represents.
The chiming of the bells…
The boom of the explosion…
sound

ONOMATOPOEIA
“Tinkling sleigh bells
Clanging fire bells
Mellow chiming wedding bells
Tolling, moaning, and groaning
funeral bells”
From “The Bells”
~Edgar Allan Poe

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE!
The river falls under us like a trap door.
(A) Onomatopoeia
(B) Simile
(C) Metaphor

I’m so hungry I could eat a horse!
(A) Hyperbole
(B) Metaphor
(C) Onomatopoeia

“Don’t delay dawn’s disarming display.
Dusk demands daylight.”
From “Dewdrops Dancing Down Daises”
~Paul Mc Cann
(A) Onomatopoeia
(B) Alliteration
(C) Hyperbole

I’ve heard that joke a billion times, but it still
cracks me up!
(A) Simile
(B) Metaphor
(C) Hyperbole

The glass vase is as fragile as a
child’s sandcastle.
(A) Metaphor
(B) Alliteration
(C) Simile

The buzzing bee startled me!
(A) Hypberbole
(B) Onomatopoeia
(C) Metaphor

She looked at him with fire in her
eyes.
(A) Alliteration
(B) Simile
(C) Metaphor

Test Your Knowledge!
The rosy fingers of dawn
Your predicament saddens me so much that I
feel a veritable flood of tears coming on
My mistress’ eye are nothing like a sun
Farmer jones has two hundred head of cattle
and three hired hand
You can’t fight city wall
Richard was a lion in the fight

Her eyes dark emeralds. Her teeth are pearl
Your brother’s blood cries out to me from
the ground
The stars smiled down to us
This land belong to the crown
An angry wind slashed its way across the
island

 Here once the embattle farmers stood and fired
the shot heard round the world
 Money is like muck, not good except it be spread
 The subtle thief of youth
 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread

THERE ISA GARDEN IN HER FACE.
byThomas Campion
There is a garden in her face
Where roses and white lilies grow;
A heav'nly paradise is that place
Wherein all pleasant fruits do flow.
There cherries grow which none may
buy,
Till "Cherry ripe" themselves do cry.
Those cherries fairly do enclose
Of orient pearl a double row,
Which when her lovely laughter
shows,
They look like rose-buds fill'd with
snow;
Yet them nor peer nor prince can
buy,
Till "Cherry ripe" themselves do cry.
.
Her eyes like angels watch them
still,
Her brows like bended bows do
stand,
Threat'ning with piercing frowns to
kill
All that attempt with eye or hand
Those sacred cherries to come
nigh,
Till "Cherry ripe" themselves do
cry

�ݺ�ߣ

Figure of speech.pdf

More Related Content

Figure of speech.pdf