Figures of speech
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This document defines and provides examples of common figures of speech. It discusses alliteration, anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance, chiasmus, euphemism, hyperbole, irony, litotes, metaphor, metonymy, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, paradox, personification, pun, synecdoche, and understatement. Examples are provided to illustrate how each figure of speech works rhetorically.
Figures of speech
- 2. A figure of speech is a rhetorical device that achieves a special effect by using words in distinctive ways.
- 3. THE TOP
- 4. The repetition of an initial consonant sound. Alliteration:
- 5. She sells seashells by the seashore.
- 6. The repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses. Anaphora:
- 7. ¡°unfortunately, I was in the wrong place at the wrong time on the wrong day.¡±
- 8. The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases. ANTITHESIS
- 9. As Abraham Lincoln said ¡°folks who have no vices have very few virtues."
- 10. Directly addressing a nonexistent person or an inanimate object as though it were a living being. Apostrophe:
- 11. "Oh, you stupid car, you never work when I need you to," Bert sighed
- 12. Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words. Assonance
- 13. How now, brown cow?
- 14. Averbalpatterninwhichthesecondhalfofanexpression isbalancedagainstthefirstbutwiththepartsreversed.
- 16. T he substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit.
- 17. "We're teaching our toddler how to go potty," Bob said.
- 18. An extravagant statement; the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect. Hyperbole:
- 19. I have a ton of things to do when I get home.
- 20. A statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea.
- 21. A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite. Litotes
- 22. A million dollars is no small chunk of change.
- 23. Metaphor An implied comparison between two dissimilar things that have something in common.
- 24. The tornado loomed like Godzilla in the distance.
- 25. A figure of speech in a word or phrase is substituted for another with which it's closely associated; also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it. Metonymy
- 26. ¡°That stuffed suit with the briefcase is a poor excuse for a salesman," the manager said angrily.
- 27. The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
- 28. The clap of thunder went bang and scared my poor dog.
- 29. Oxymoron A figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side.
- 30. I am as graceful as a bull in a china shop when I dance.
- 31. P A R A D O X A statement that appears to contradict itself P A R A D O X
- 32. "This is the beginning of the end," said Eeyore, always the pessimist.
- 33. Personification A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
- 34. That kitchen knife will take a bite out of your hand if you don't handle it safely.
- 35. Pun: ?A play on words, sometimes on different senses of the same word and sometimes on the similar sense or sound of different words.
- 36. Jessie looked up from her breakfast and said, "A boiled egg every morning is hard to beat."
- 38. Roberto was white as a sheet after he walked out of the horror movie.
- 39. Synecdoche A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole.
- 40. Tina is learning her ABC'sin preschool.
- 41. A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is.
- 42. You could say Babe Ruth was a decent ballplayer," the reporter said with a wink.