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The document introduces a Portable Potable Purifier (PPP) that can purify municipal tap water to match the purity of home water purifiers. It uses hollow cylindrical ultra filtration membranes that require only 2-3 psi of pressure to filter out unwanted chemicals, microorganisms, and impurities. The PPP was motivated by experiences of travelers facing issues with impure water. It collects tap water, pressurizes it, then filters it through micro and ultra filtration membranes and activated carbon before collecting purified water for drinking. Being small, lightweight, and not requiring electricity, the PPP has applications for water treatment, management, and preventing water-borne diseases anywhere in rural or urban areas.
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- 2. INTRODUCTION: A Portable Potable Purifier (PPP) is an innovative design which can purify water from a common Municipal Water Tap and can give you water which matches in taste and purity with water purified By Conventional Water purifiers at home. Hence, you may find your taste of water on the go. Just you need is Tap Water, which could be purified to purity of your satisfaction while you travel across the globe, whether the region is Rural or Urban.
- 3. MOTIVATION: The motivation for the concept and product draws me back to Jammu- Kashmir Highway (NH1). My friend suffered from two days of Diahorrea, because he drank water from a local Dhaba, who gave water from the municipal Tap, stating water is purer in their locality than our home based water purifiers. While travelling on the way to college last summers, we faced acute potable water shortage. We had to buy 10-15 Litres of Branded Water bottles for duration of 6-7 hours; whereby I thought of a device that could do the job at a lesser cost and guarantee a suitable solution to Water-borne health ailments.
- 4. COMPONENT/ CONCEPT BEHIND THE WORK The concept behind the work draws itself to Nanotechnology, Membrane Technology and Material Sciences. Recent developments in these branches have resulted in Hollow Cylindrical Ultra Filtration Membranes, which require a pressure of 2-3 psi across themselves to purify the Municipal tap water. The UF Membrane of a Micro Scale pore size (0.01-0.1 micrometres) has selective function filtering unwanted chemicals and micro organism including algae, bacteria, fungi, cyst etc. Such pressures could easily be produced by itself some applied forces combined with the force of Weight of the water to be purified, hence, we present, a Portable Potable Purifier (PPP).
- 6. Details of the work: The designed equipment is a model with these components: A Water Collector: The water collector is a unit for collecting impure water. It collects 1 Litre of Municipal Tap Water which needs to be purifies to an optimum range. A Pressurizing Unit: The pressurising Unit pressures the Water collected in water collector to 2-10 psi. The pressure works on manual force applied on the top of it. A Water Treatment Unit: The water Treatment unit consists of three sub- units namely, a Micro Filter, a U/F Membrane and a Activated Carbon Bed. A Micro-Sediment Filter filters out the various physical impurities like sand, mud, dust and pollen. Hence, it acts as first line of Barrier. A U/F Membrane: An Ultra Filtration Membrane removes the present Bacterial and Microbial Impurities. The UF Membrane of a Micro Scale pore size (0.01-0.1 micrometres) has selective function filtering unwanted chemicals and micro organism including algae, bacteria, fungi, cyst etc. Activated Carbon Filter: Activated Carbon is a proven technology for the removal of naturally occurring organics and natural Disinfectants. Designing an activated carbon filtration system needs to take into account the effluent quality and operating parameters. Purified Water Collector: A purified water collector collects the water after it is purified by the purification unit. It provides an end tap which delivers pure water to a water outlet.
- 8. APPLICATIONS: The apparatus may tackle one of the biggest problems of the century, Water Treatment and Management. Since, the apparatus operates without availability of Electricity; it finds vivid application in vital sectors of Water Management and managing Water-borne diseases. Being Compact in size (equivalent to a 2 Litre Water Bottle weighing roughly 850 grams), it can be easily transported to any place, from a Rural Homeland to an Urban Territory. Small on Pocket: It can purify 1000 Litres of water for a cost of Rs 400, upto a purity which is potent enough to drink, which costs to 400/1000 equivalent to 40 paisa for each litre of water.
- 9. CHALLANGES: The PPP U/F Membrane Technology solves the problem of Water borne diseases including Diahorrea, Jaundice, etc. Many tourists gain influence of the harmful Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa and various Diseases causing polymeric, organic and non-organic Species. The PPP is a direct solution to this tourist problem. Moreover, in very remote areas, where traditional Water Purifiers may not find their roots, the PPP being smaller in size, not requiring any electricity and lighter on pocket; would find a place in every such rural household. Hence, this equipment would help in greatly defending against the problem of Water Borne diseases.
- 10. FUTURE SCOPE I see the future scope of PPP as a product for each household and every traveller across the world. Everyone would have the access to clean and purified water. With advancement in Technology in fields of Membrane & Material Science and Nanotechnology, such membranes would decrease further in size, reducing the size of our equipment and thus making it more handy and comfortable to carry. Presently, the U/F Membrane requires a pressure gradient of 2-3 psi (for tap water), such membranes would be designed in near future which does the same treatment with lesser applied pressures. Further, Research and Development in field of Membrane Technology would result in better life and efficiency of Membranes whereby; methodology to inhibit fouling of such membranes would be devised and implemented. Hence, the PPP has a great potent in future if we invest on this technology presently and aim on improving the innovation as the time progresses.